Characterizations of friction welding joint interface for AISI316
|
摘要
Because of heat amount is different from peripheral to central of friction welding interface, which is leaded to vary the characterizations along that interface. Current study, respectively, focused on the effect of different friction pressure on micro-structural and mechanical properties of that friction welding joint interface. Presently, these friction pressures are 110, 130, 150 and 170 MPa while kept all other conditions constant. The effects of different friction pressure on welding interface characterization were investigated by EDX, SEM, tensile, compression, impact and hardness tests. The tensile tests carried out on the standardized test piece with diameter 6 mm and 8 mm, thus, compression tests were extracted from the positions of 0°, 45°& 90° with test specimen of 4 mm diameter and 6.5 mm length at weld center. Whereas, the impact test pieces were picked up in two positions, the first one is symmetrical, which it obtained to the respect of the rotation axis and the interface, on the other hand, the second one is non-symmetrical with the axis of rotation and symmetrical to the interface, for making the notch head coincide with the center of the welded joint, The obtained results showed that with reducing of friction pressure will present lack of bonding increasing from peripheral toward the welding center, which will responsible on reducing of the mechanical properties such as tensile, compression and impact strength.
Because of heat amount is different from peripheral to central of friction welding interface, which is leaded to vary the characterizations along that interface. Current study, respectively, focused on the effect of different friction pressure on micro-structural and mechanical properties of that friction welding joint interface. Presently, these friction pressures are 110, 130, 150 and 170 MPa while kept all other conditions constant. The effects of different friction pressure on welding interface characterization were investigated by EDX, SEM, tensile, compression, impact and hardness tests. The tensile tests carried out on the standardized test piece with diameter 6 mm and 8 mm, thus, compression tests were extracted from the positions of 0°, 45°& 90° with test specimen of 4 mm diameter and 6.5 mm length at weld center. Whereas, the impact test pieces were picked up in two positions, the first one is symmetrical, which it obtained to the respect of the rotation axis and the interface, on the other hand, the second one is non-symmetrical with the axis of rotation and symmetrical to the interface, for making the notch head coincide with the center of the welded joint, The obtained results showed that with reducing of friction pressure will present lack of bonding increasing from peripheral toward the welding center, which will responsible on reducing of the mechanical properties such as tensile, compression and impact strength.
Because of heat amount is different from peripheral to central of friction welding interface, which is leaded to vary the characterizations along that interface. Current study, respectively, focused on the effect of different friction pressure on micro-structural and mechanical properties of that friction welding joint interface. Presently, these friction pressures are 110, 130, 150 and 170 MPa while kept all other conditions constant. The effects of different friction pressure on welding interface characterization were investigated by EDX, SEM, tensile, compression, impact and hardness tests. The tensile tests carried out on the standardized test piece with diameter 6 mm and 8 mm, thus, compression tests were extracted from the positions of 0°, 45°& 90° with test specimen of 4 mm diameter and 6.5 mm length at weld center. Whereas, the impact test pieces were picked up in two positions, the first one is symmetrical, which it obtained to the respect of the rotation axis and the interface, on the other hand, the second one is non-symmetrical with the axis of rotation and symmetrical to the interface, for making the notch head coincide with the center of the welded joint, The obtained results showed that with reducing of friction pressure will present lack of bonding increasing from peripheral toward the welding center, which will responsible on reducing of the mechanical properties such as tensile, compression and impact strength.
引文
[1] Tylecote R F.Friction Welding.The Solid Phase Welding of Metals.Book Edition,1968.
[2] Li P,Li J,Salman M,et al.Effect of friction time on mechanical and metallurgical properties of continuous drive friction welded Ti6Al4V/SUS321 joints.Materials & Design,2014,56:649-656.
[3] Ion M,Victor B,Corneliu C.Dissimilar friction welding of induction surface-hardened steels and thermo-chemically treated steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2012,212:1892-1899.
[4] Mahaffe D W,Senkov O N,Shivpuri R,et al.Effect of process variables on the inertia friction welding of superalloys LSHR and Mar-M247.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2016,47A:3981-4000.
[5] Wang X F,Zou J W,Davies C M,et al.Microstructure characterization of inertial friction welding zone for nickel-based superalloy FGH96.Materials Science Forum,IUMRS International Conference in Asia,2017,898:1110-1116.
[6] Maalekian M,Kozeschnik E,Brantner H P,et al.Finite element modeling of orbital friction welding of eutectoid steel bars.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2008,39(4):844-852.
[7] Raab U,Levin S,Wagner L,et al.Orbital friction welding as an alternative process for blisk manufacturing.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2015,215:189-192.
[8] Effertz P S,Fuchs F,Enzinger N.Modelling the flash formation of linear friction welded 30CrNiMo8 high strength steel chains.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,92 (5-8):2479-2486.
[9] Takashi Y,Kenji N,Kazuyoshi K.High strain-rate compressive response of friction stir welded AA6061-T6 joints:effect of welding parameter.Journal of the Japanese Society for Experimental Mechanics,Special Issue,2010,10:168-173.
[10] Singh R,Rizvi S A,Tewari S P.Effect of friction stir welding on the tensile properties of AA6063 under different conditions.International Journal of Engineering Transactions A:Basics,2017,30 (4):597-603.
[11] Esther T A,Kazeem O S,Edison M,et al.Material behaviour characterization of friction stir spot welding of copper.Materials Today:Proceeding,2017,4(2):166-177.
[12] Kurt A,Uygur I,Paylasan U.Effect of friction welding parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar AISI 1010-ASTM B22 joints.Welding Journal,2011,90:102s-106s.
[13] Sathiya P,Aravindan S,Noorul Haq A.Effect of friction welding parameters on mechanical and metallurgical properties of ferritic stainless steel.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,31:1076-1082.
[14] Muralimohan C H,Muthupandi V,Sivaprasad K.Properties of friction welding titanium-stainless steel joints with a Nickel interlayer.Procedia Material Science,2014,5:1120-1129.
[15] Satyanarayana V V,Madhusudhan Reddy G,Mohandas T.Dissimilar metal friction welding of austenitic-ferritic stainless steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2005,160:128-137.
[16] Ajith P M,Barik B K,Sathiya P,et al.Multiobjective optimization of friction welding of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel.Defence Technology,2015,11:157-165.
[17] Khanna O P.Classification of welding processes.A Textbook of Welding Technology,1980.
[18] Hassan A J,Lechelah R,Boukharouba T,et al.History of microstructure evolution and its effect on the mechanical behavior during friction welding for AISI 316.Springer International Publishing Switzerland,2017:51-65.
[19] Hazra M,Rao K S,Reddy G M.Friction welding of a nickel free high nitrogen steel:influence of forge force on microstructure,mechanical properties and pitting corrosion resistance.Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2014,3(1):90-100.
[2] Li P,Li J,Salman M,et al.Effect of friction time on mechanical and metallurgical properties of continuous drive friction welded Ti6Al4V/SUS321 joints.Materials & Design,2014,56:649-656.
[3] Ion M,Victor B,Corneliu C.Dissimilar friction welding of induction surface-hardened steels and thermo-chemically treated steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2012,212:1892-1899.
[4] Mahaffe D W,Senkov O N,Shivpuri R,et al.Effect of process variables on the inertia friction welding of superalloys LSHR and Mar-M247.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2016,47A:3981-4000.
[5] Wang X F,Zou J W,Davies C M,et al.Microstructure characterization of inertial friction welding zone for nickel-based superalloy FGH96.Materials Science Forum,IUMRS International Conference in Asia,2017,898:1110-1116.
[6] Maalekian M,Kozeschnik E,Brantner H P,et al.Finite element modeling of orbital friction welding of eutectoid steel bars.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2008,39(4):844-852.
[7] Raab U,Levin S,Wagner L,et al.Orbital friction welding as an alternative process for blisk manufacturing.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2015,215:189-192.
[8] Effertz P S,Fuchs F,Enzinger N.Modelling the flash formation of linear friction welded 30CrNiMo8 high strength steel chains.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,92 (5-8):2479-2486.
[9] Takashi Y,Kenji N,Kazuyoshi K.High strain-rate compressive response of friction stir welded AA6061-T6 joints:effect of welding parameter.Journal of the Japanese Society for Experimental Mechanics,Special Issue,2010,10:168-173.
[10] Singh R,Rizvi S A,Tewari S P.Effect of friction stir welding on the tensile properties of AA6063 under different conditions.International Journal of Engineering Transactions A:Basics,2017,30 (4):597-603.
[11] Esther T A,Kazeem O S,Edison M,et al.Material behaviour characterization of friction stir spot welding of copper.Materials Today:Proceeding,2017,4(2):166-177.
[12] Kurt A,Uygur I,Paylasan U.Effect of friction welding parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar AISI 1010-ASTM B22 joints.Welding Journal,2011,90:102s-106s.
[13] Sathiya P,Aravindan S,Noorul Haq A.Effect of friction welding parameters on mechanical and metallurgical properties of ferritic stainless steel.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,31:1076-1082.
[14] Muralimohan C H,Muthupandi V,Sivaprasad K.Properties of friction welding titanium-stainless steel joints with a Nickel interlayer.Procedia Material Science,2014,5:1120-1129.
[15] Satyanarayana V V,Madhusudhan Reddy G,Mohandas T.Dissimilar metal friction welding of austenitic-ferritic stainless steels.Journal of Materials Processing Technolog,2005,160:128-137.
[16] Ajith P M,Barik B K,Sathiya P,et al.Multiobjective optimization of friction welding of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel.Defence Technology,2015,11:157-165.
[17] Khanna O P.Classification of welding processes.A Textbook of Welding Technology,1980.
[18] Hassan A J,Lechelah R,Boukharouba T,et al.History of microstructure evolution and its effect on the mechanical behavior during friction welding for AISI 316.Springer International Publishing Switzerland,2017:51-65.
[19] Hazra M,Rao K S,Reddy G M.Friction welding of a nickel free high nitrogen steel:influence of forge force on microstructure,mechanical properties and pitting corrosion resistance.Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2014,3(1):90-100.