凹凸棒石-聚丙烯腈复合静电纺丝膜的制备与表征
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摘要
采用3种改性剂对凹凸棒石进行表面改性,然后通过静电纺丝技术制备凹凸棒石-聚丙烯腈(ATP-PAN)复合纳米纤维膜,研究改性剂对复合膜结构和空气过滤性能的影响,优化ATP-PAN复合膜材料的静电纺丝制备工艺。结果表明,经十八烷基三甲基溴化铵和γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷联用改性后的凹凸棒石纳米棒在复合纳米纤维膜中的分布较优。以邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)气溶胶颗粒为目标过滤物,发现凹凸棒石使复合膜的空气过滤效率达到98. 670%,压降仅为106. 7 Pa,品质因数为0. 407 3 Pa~(-1),表明以凹凸棒石为功能添加剂的复合纳米纤维膜材料在空气过滤领域具有良好的应用前景。
The attapulgite-polyacrylonitrile( ATP-PAN) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared via electrospinning technology,in which the attapulgite was modified firstly by using three different modifying agents. In order to optimize the electrospinning fabrication condition,the influence of modifying agent on the structure and air filtration property of composite membrane was investigated. The results show that the attapulgite nanorods modified by combination of octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and methallyl propyl trimethoxysilane have better distribution in composite nanofiber membrane,and the diameter of the fibers is 40 ～ 120 nm. In addition,the successful preparation of ATP-PAN composite nanofiber membrane was further proved by using infrared spectrometer,thermogravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffractometer. Taking phthalate dioctyl( DOP) aerosol particles as target,it is found that adding attapulgite leaded air filtration performance of composite membrane improves significantly,the filtration efficiency reaches 98. 670% and the pressure drop is only 106. 7 Pa and quality factor is 0. 407 3 Pa~(-1). This indicates that taking attapulgite as functional additive of composite nanofiber membranes has a good application prospect in air filtration field.
The attapulgite-polyacrylonitrile( ATP-PAN) composite nanofiber membrane was prepared via electrospinning technology,in which the attapulgite was modified firstly by using three different modifying agents. In order to optimize the electrospinning fabrication condition,the influence of modifying agent on the structure and air filtration property of composite membrane was investigated. The results show that the attapulgite nanorods modified by combination of octadecyl trimethylammonium bromide and methallyl propyl trimethoxysilane have better distribution in composite nanofiber membrane,and the diameter of the fibers is 40 ～ 120 nm. In addition,the successful preparation of ATP-PAN composite nanofiber membrane was further proved by using infrared spectrometer,thermogravimetric analyzer and X-ray diffractometer. Taking phthalate dioctyl( DOP) aerosol particles as target,it is found that adding attapulgite leaded air filtration performance of composite membrane improves significantly,the filtration efficiency reaches 98. 670% and the pressure drop is only 106. 7 Pa and quality factor is 0. 407 3 Pa~(-1). This indicates that taking attapulgite as functional additive of composite nanofiber membranes has a good application prospect in air filtration field.
引文
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[3]XIE Y,ZHAO B,ZHANG L,et al.Spatiotemporal variations of PM2.5and PM10concentrations between 31 Chinese cities and their relationships with SO2,NO2,CO and O3[J].Particuology,2015,20(3):141-149.
[4]高阳,蔡志江.静电纺丝纳米纤维在过滤材料中的应用研究进展[J].高分子通报,2013(12):15-20.
[5]ZHANG S C,TANG N,CAO L T,et al.Highly integrated polysulfone-polyacrylonitirile-polyamide-6 air filter for multilevel physical sieving airborne particles[J].ACS Appl Mater Interf,2016,8:29062-29072.
[6]梁幸幸,杨颖,许德平.静电纺丝法制备空气过滤膜及应用[J].化学工业与工程,2015,32(3):59-67.
[7]张青.改性石墨烯-碳纳米管-聚羟基丁酸酯复合纳米纤维膜的制备与性能研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2018.
[8]侯桂香,谢建强,姚少巍,等.PAN-插层高岭石复合材料制备及静电纺丝性能[J].材料工程,2015,43(10):49-54.
[9]WANG N,SI Y,WANG N,et al.Multilevel structured polyacrylonitrile-silica nanofibrous membranes for high-performance air filtration[J].Sep Purif Technol,2014,126(15):44-51.
[10]LIU C,HSU P C,LEE H W,et al.Transparent air filter for highefficiency PM2.5capture[J].Nature Commun,2015,6:6205.
[11]姚超,李锦春,丁永红,等.纳米凹凸棒石表面硅烷偶联剂改性研究[J].非金属矿,2007(6):1-3,7.
[12]王冰鑫,雷西萍.有机改性凹凸棒石及其应用研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(3):738-743.
[13]关媛,王少莽,易广,等.酸化凹凸棒石的制备及其对苯胺的吸附性能[J].常州大学学报(自然科学版),2017,29(6):15-25.
[14]XI X G,ZHANG J L,JIANG R Y,et al.Application of modified attapulgite clay as the adsorbent in gasoline desulfurization[J].China Pet Process Pe,2014,16(3):63-68.
[15]胡盛.CTAB与KH550改性凹凸棒石的改性效果对比[J].非金属矿,2009,32(6):50-52.
[16]孙洪秀,曹青华,庄韦,等.无皂乳液法制备聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/改性凹凸棒土复合微球及其性能研究[J].精细石油化工,2011,28(5):36-41.
[17]姚超,张国庆,吴凤芹,等.硬脂酸钠对凹凸棒土有机表面改性的研究[J].非金属矿,2008,31(6):1-3.
[18]张婕,蔡丽,王景涛,等.改性凹凸棒石对水溶液中Pb(Ⅱ)吸附性能研究[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2017,38(6):83-86.