车载移动冷柜蒸发器性能实验研究
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摘要
针对风冷式、直冷式的车载移动冷柜系统,以R290为制冷工质,搭建了蒸发器性能实验测试平台,分别对风冷式与直冷式车载移动冷柜系统的制冷效果和箱体内部温度分布进行了实验测试分析。依据国家标准,结合实际情况对开、关门以及负载温度回升进行了测试。结果表明:开、关门对冷柜内货物温度的影响较小;在38℃的环境温度下,当冷柜内部平均温度降低到0℃时,风冷式蒸发器系统需要65min,而直冷式蒸发器系统则需要90min;风冷式蒸发器系统在200min时COP达到最高值2.32,冷柜内部平均温度为-16.3℃,直冷式蒸发器系统在190min时COP达到最高值2.38,冷柜内部平均温度为-18℃。
In this paper,an evaporator performance experimental test platform of the air-cooled and direct-cooled vehicle-mounted mobile refrigerator system was established and R290 was selected as refrigerant.The refrigeration performance and the internal temperature distribution of the refrigerator cabinet were tested.According to the national standards and combined with the actual situation,open and close door and the load temperature recovery of mobile refrigerator were analyzed.The results show that,open and close door has little effect on the temperature of the cargo in the refrigerator.And at the condition of ambient temperature is 38℃,when the average temperature of the refrigerator reduces to 0℃,the air-cooled evaporator system needs 65 minutes.As well,the direct-cooled evaporator needs 90 minutes.The maximum COP can reduce to 2.32 and the internal average temperature is-16.3℃ when the air-cooled evaporator system operation 200 minutes.When the direct-cooled evaporator system operation 190 minutes,the COP can reduce to 2.38 and the internal average temperature of the refrigerator is-18℃.
In this paper,an evaporator performance experimental test platform of the air-cooled and direct-cooled vehicle-mounted mobile refrigerator system was established and R290 was selected as refrigerant.The refrigeration performance and the internal temperature distribution of the refrigerator cabinet were tested.According to the national standards and combined with the actual situation,open and close door and the load temperature recovery of mobile refrigerator were analyzed.The results show that,open and close door has little effect on the temperature of the cargo in the refrigerator.And at the condition of ambient temperature is 38℃,when the average temperature of the refrigerator reduces to 0℃,the air-cooled evaporator system needs 65 minutes.As well,the direct-cooled evaporator needs 90 minutes.The maximum COP can reduce to 2.32 and the internal average temperature is-16.3℃ when the air-cooled evaporator system operation 200 minutes.When the direct-cooled evaporator system operation 190 minutes,the COP can reduce to 2.38 and the internal average temperature of the refrigerator is-18℃.
引文
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[2]ALPTEKIN,ERSIN,EZAN M A,et al.Flow and heat transfer characteristics of an empty refrigerated container[M].Progress in Exergy,Energy,and the Environment,Springer International Publishing,2014:641-652.
[3]FLICK D,HOANG H M,Alvarez G,et al.Combined deterministic and stochastic approaches for modeling the evolution of food products along the cold chain,Part 1:Methodology[J].Int Refrig,2012,35(4):907-914.
[4]赵春江,韩佳伟,杨信廷,等.基于CFD的冷藏车车厢内部温度场空间分布数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(11):168-173.
[5]郑慧凡,田国记,王聪民等.车载移动冷柜系统蒸发器性能研究[J].制冷技术,2016,44(11):69-74.
[6]楼海军,阙安康.货物堆码方式对海运冷藏集装箱内部温度场分布的影响[J].上海海事大学学报,2014,35(4):55-58,74.
[7]娄宗瑞,曹丹,苗惠等.冷藏集装箱内部温度场的特性研究[J].制冷,2013,32(1):23-25.
[8]申江,李超,苗惠,等.冷藏运输车内气体流场的数值模拟及分析[J].低温与超导,2010,38(11):46-52.
[9]FLICK D,HOANG H M,ALVAREZ G,et al.Combined deterministic and stochastic approaches for modeling the evolution of food products along the cold chain.Part I:Methodology[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2012,35(35):907-914.
[10]吴业正.小型制冷装置设计指导[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[11]朱康玲,张骏,戴建军等.预冷式蒸发空冷器管外传热模型的研究[J].化学工程,2018,46(4):29-34.
[12]李锦,谢如鹤,刘广海等.车外综合温度条件下典型冷藏车厢内热稳定性研究[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(8):141-147.
[13]李援瑛.商用制冷设备实用维修入门[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006.
[14]张华.超市冷冻展示柜内循环风量对其性能的影响[J].流体机械,2001,49(1):47-49.
[15]瞿星辉,潘晓辉,欧凌涛等.基于CFD技术的高效节能冷柜研发[J].轻工机械,2014,32(3):22-25.
[16]国家标准化管理委员会.GBT 8059.2-1995.家用制冷器具、冷藏冷冻箱[S].1995.
[17]国家标准化管理委员会.JB/T 7244-92.食品冷柜[S].1994.