倾斜面太阳辐射量计算方法研究
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摘要
倾斜面辐射数据是保证准确设计太阳能利用系统的基础数据,一般由水平面数据计算得出。针对现有计算模型误差较大的现状考虑,试验测试了水平面及不同倾角斜面上的太阳辐射数据,提出了针对直接辐射转换系数的修正方法;通过倾斜面散射辐射数据的计算和分析,在散射辐射模型的基础上,建立耦合计算模型。试验与模型计算结果表明,散射辐射的各向同性受天气工况的影响,耦合模型具有较高的准确性,计算值与实测值的偏差可控制在5.3%以内。
The solar radiation data on inclined surface, which is generally calculated from horizontal data, is the basic data for ensuring the accurate design of the solar energy utilization system. Considering the present situation of large error in the existing calculation models, the solar radiation data on the horizontal and inclined surfaces with various tilt angles was tested. A correction method for the horizontal incident angle of the direct radiation was proposed. A coupled calculation model based on the diffuse radiation model was established by calculating and analyzing the diffuse radiation data on inclined surfaces. The results indicate that the isotropic of diffuse radiation is affected by weather conditions, and the coupled calculation model has higher accuracy, where the bias error is less of 5.3% between the calculated and measured values.
The solar radiation data on inclined surface, which is generally calculated from horizontal data, is the basic data for ensuring the accurate design of the solar energy utilization system. Considering the present situation of large error in the existing calculation models, the solar radiation data on the horizontal and inclined surfaces with various tilt angles was tested. A correction method for the horizontal incident angle of the direct radiation was proposed. A coupled calculation model based on the diffuse radiation model was established by calculating and analyzing the diffuse radiation data on inclined surfaces. The results indicate that the isotropic of diffuse radiation is affected by weather conditions, and the coupled calculation model has higher accuracy, where the bias error is less of 5.3% between the calculated and measured values.
引文
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[15] 姚万详,李峥嵘,赵群, 等. 几种散射辐射模型精度的对比 [J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 42(6):937-943. YAO Wan-xiang, LI Zheng-rong, ZHAO Qun, et al. Comparative study on accuracy of several diffuse radiation models [J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Sicence), 2014, 42(6):937-943. (in Chinese)
[16] 崇伟,吕文华,沙奕卓,等. 云南省丽江地区倾斜面太阳总辐射计算模型对比分析 [J]. 太阳能学报, 2015, 36(12):3041-3047. CHONG Wei, Lü Wen-hua, SHA Yi-zhuo, et al. Comparison analyis of models for calculating global solar radiation on tilted surfaces in lijiang, china [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2015, 36(12):3041-3047. (in Chinese)
[2] LIU B Y H, JORDAN R C. Daily insolation on surfaces tilted towards equator [J]. ASHRAE Transactions, 1962, 67:526-541.
[3] KORONAKIS P S. On the choice of the angle of tilt for south facing solar collectors in the Athens basin area [J]. Solar Energy, 1986, 36(3):217-225.
[4] BADESCU V. 3D isotropic approximation for solar diffuse irradiance on tilted surfaces [J]. Renewable Energy, 2002, 26:221-233.
[5] TEMPS R C, COULSON K L. Solar radiation incident upon slopes of different orientations [J]. Solar Energy, 1977, 19(2):179-184.
[6] HAY J E. Calculation of monthly mean solar radiation for horizontal and inclined surfaces [J]. Solar Energy, 1979, 23(4):301-307.
[7] KLUCHER T M. Evaluation of models to predict insolation on tilted surfaces [J]. Solar Energy, 1979, 23(2):111-114.
[8] MA C C Y, IQBAL M. Statistical comparion of models for estimating solar radiation on inclined surfaces [J]. Solar Energy, 1983, 31(3):313-317.
[9] MUNEER T, GUEYMARD C, LAMBEZIDIS H. Solar radiation and daylight models for the energy efficient design of buildings [J]. Architectural Press, 1997, 26:197-200.
[10] PEREZ R, SEAL R, INEICHEN P, et al. Modelling daylight availability and irradiance components form direct and global irradiance [J]. Solar Energy, 1990, 44(5):271-289.
[11] WATTAN R, JANJAI S, JORDAN R C. An investigation of the performance of 14 models for estimating hourly diffuse irradiation on inclined surfaces at tropical sites [J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 93:667-672.
[12] DEMAIN C, JOURNéE M, BERTRAND C. Evaluation of different models to estimate the global solar radiation on inclined surfaces [J]. Renewable Energy, 2013, 50(3):710-721.
[13] KHALIL S A, SHAFFIE A M. A comparative study of total, direct and diffuse solar irradiance by using different models on horizontal and inclined surfaces for Cairo, Egypt [J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013, 27(6):853-863.
[14] 匡荛. 一种真空管集热器的入射角修正系数获取方法 [J]. 太阳能学报, 2009, 30(9):1163-1166. KUAN Rao. A method to obtain incidence angle modifier of evacuated tube collector [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2009, 30(9):1163-1166. (in Chinese)
[15] 姚万详,李峥嵘,赵群, 等. 几种散射辐射模型精度的对比 [J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 42(6):937-943. YAO Wan-xiang, LI Zheng-rong, ZHAO Qun, et al. Comparative study on accuracy of several diffuse radiation models [J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Sicence), 2014, 42(6):937-943. (in Chinese)
[16] 崇伟,吕文华,沙奕卓,等. 云南省丽江地区倾斜面太阳总辐射计算模型对比分析 [J]. 太阳能学报, 2015, 36(12):3041-3047. CHONG Wei, Lü Wen-hua, SHA Yi-zhuo, et al. Comparison analyis of models for calculating global solar radiation on tilted surfaces in lijiang, china [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2015, 36(12):3041-3047. (in Chinese)