萝北云山石墨矿床风化带中石墨矿石的矿物学特征
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摘要
在系统采集风化蚀变带中石墨矿石样品的基础上,对不同层位中不同风化程度石墨矿石样品进行了化学成分、矿物组成、结构构造、矿物共伴生关系、石墨结构等较为系统的研究。结果表明:矿石的主要化学组成除C外,还含有SiO_2、Al_2O_3、K_2O、Fe_2O_3、MgO、TiO_2等;脉石矿物有石英、云母(黑云母和白云母)、绿泥石、黄铁矿、绿帘石、斜黝帘石、褐铁矿等;层位越靠近地表,矿石中黏土矿物含量越高,矿物组成越复杂;石墨呈鳞片状、叶片状嵌布在脉石矿物之间,片径大小一般在0. 05～1. 5 mm,个别大者为3～5 mm;随着风化程度的加深,石墨化度(r)逐渐减小,石墨的结构缺陷逐渐增强,结构有序度降低。
Weathering alteration may affect the performance of graphite. Based on field work and a systematic collection of graphite ore samples in weathered alteration bands,the chemical composition,mineral composition,structure,microscopic morphology,and mineral co-occurrence of weathered graphite ore in different layers have been systematically studied. The results show that the main chemical compositions of the samples include C,SiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O,Fe_2O_3,MgO,Ti O_2 and so on. The gangue minerals in the graphite ore samples include quartz,mica( mainly biotite),pyrite,epidote,clinozoisite,limonite and so on. The more the clay mineral content of the ore in the surface layer is higher. Graphite is scaly and leaf-like embedded between gangue minerals. The diameter of graphite is generally 0. 05 ～ 1. 5 mm,and some large ones are 3 ～ 5 mm. As the degree of weathering deepens,the degree of graphitization( r) gradually decreases,and the content of 3 R polymorphism( Rh) gradually increases. The results show that as the degree of weathering increases,the structural defects of graphite gradually increase and the order of structure decreases.
Weathering alteration may affect the performance of graphite. Based on field work and a systematic collection of graphite ore samples in weathered alteration bands,the chemical composition,mineral composition,structure,microscopic morphology,and mineral co-occurrence of weathered graphite ore in different layers have been systematically studied. The results show that the main chemical compositions of the samples include C,SiO_2,Al_2O_3,K_2O,Fe_2O_3,MgO,Ti O_2 and so on. The gangue minerals in the graphite ore samples include quartz,mica( mainly biotite),pyrite,epidote,clinozoisite,limonite and so on. The more the clay mineral content of the ore in the surface layer is higher. Graphite is scaly and leaf-like embedded between gangue minerals. The diameter of graphite is generally 0. 05 ～ 1. 5 mm,and some large ones are 3 ～ 5 mm. As the degree of weathering deepens,the degree of graphitization( r) gradually decreases,and the content of 3 R polymorphism( Rh) gradually increases. The results show that as the degree of weathering increases,the structural defects of graphite gradually increase and the order of structure decreases.
引文
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[4]杨培奇,刘敬党,张艳飞,等.黑龙江佳木斯地块典型石墨矿床含矿岩石地球化学特征及成矿时代[J].中国地质,2017,44(2):301-315.
[5]李哲.鳞片石墨浮选特性及工艺研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2010.
[6]康文泽,李会建,张启梁,等.萝北鳞片石墨选矿工艺流程试验研究[J].选煤技术,2015(5):11-15.
[7]柳溪.萝北某鳞片石墨矿选别高碳石墨新工艺研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[8]林海.风化型石墨矿选矿试验研究[J].矿产保护与利用,1996(4):15-17.
[9]黑龙江省地质矿产局.黑龙江区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1989:16-19.
[10]李寒滨,张冰.黑龙江云山石墨矿床变质作用及其意义[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2014(1):45-46.
[11]房俊伟,李晓军,刘彦林.萝北县四方山林场东部大鳞片石墨矿地质特征[J].建筑建材装饰,2009,10(3)43-44,53.
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[14]吴娟霞,徐华,张锦.拉曼光谱在石墨烯结构表征中的应用[J].化学学报,2014,72(3):301-318.
[15]Das A,Chakraborty B,Sood A K. Raman spectroscopy of graphene on different substrates and influence of defects[J]. Bulletin of materials science,2008,31(3):579-584.
[16] Ferrari A C,Robertson J. Raman spectroscopy in carbons:From nanotubes to diamond[J]. Philosophical transactions of the royal society a mathematical physical&engineering sciences,2004,362(1824).
[17]Li B,Zhou L,Wu D,et al. Photochemical chlorination of graphene[J]. Acs nano,2011,5(7):5957-5961.
[18]杨序钢,吴琪琳.拉曼光谱的分析与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001.
[19]孙红娟,彭同江.石墨氧化—还原法制备石墨烯材料[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.