中国与非洲合作反贫困的现状评价与路径优化研究
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摘要
反贫困一直以来都是中国与非洲共同面临的一个重大问题。新中国成立尤其是改革开放以来,中非反贫困合作有了较快发展,取得了一些好的做法和经验,但在合作过程中也暴露出一些问题,带来了新的挑战。通过对近几年国内外相关文献的梳理与分析,总结了中非合作反贫困的现实基础、取得的成就,剖析了合作中面临的困境与挑战,并以此为基础,从顶层设计、合作机制、反贫困合作路径优化以及措施保障等方面提出了一些建议。
Anti-poverty has always been a major issue for both China and Africa.Sino-African anti-poverty cooperation has developed rapidly formulating positive practices and experiences since the reform and opening-up.However,in the cooperation,problems and new challenges exist.The paper summarizes the realistic basis and achievements of Sino-African anti-poverty cooperation by analyzing relevant Chinese and foreign literature in recent years.The summary also focuses on the difficulties and challenges of the cooperation.Multiple suggestions are made for the top-level design,cooperation mechanism,and optimization of anti-poverty cooperation paths.
Anti-poverty has always been a major issue for both China and Africa.Sino-African anti-poverty cooperation has developed rapidly formulating positive practices and experiences since the reform and opening-up.However,in the cooperation,problems and new challenges exist.The paper summarizes the realistic basis and achievements of Sino-African anti-poverty cooperation by analyzing relevant Chinese and foreign literature in recent years.The summary also focuses on the difficulties and challenges of the cooperation.Multiple suggestions are made for the top-level design,cooperation mechanism,and optimization of anti-poverty cooperation paths.
引文
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[39]贺文萍.非洲安全形势特点及中非安全合作新视角[J].亚非纵横,2015(2):1-14,121,125.
[40]材料资源:https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html,2017-09-22.
[41]Kenneth Silverman,August F.Holtyn,Brantley.P Jarvis.a potential role of anti-poverty progranmes in health promotion[J].Preventive medicine,2016(92):58-61.
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[46]曹未峰,刘松明,周斌.关注非洲市场质量要求[N].中国国门时报,2017-3-3(03).
[47]张春.中非合作的政策空间变化与应对策略[J].西亚非洲,2015(3):33-50.
[48]XU W.China’s cooperation with international health organizations in Africa:Review and outlook[J].Contemporary international relations,2016(3):115-125.
[49]LIN S,GAO L,MWLISSA R,FENG C,JOAN K,WAFAA M.China’s health assistance to Africa:opportunism or altruism?[J].Globalization and Health,2016(12):1-5.
[2]中国新闻网.中国的扶贫成就为世界提供了宝贵经验[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2015/06-27/7370047.shtml.
[3]人民网.黄承伟:为全球贫困治理贡献中国方案[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://dangjian.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0720/c412885-29418661.html.
[4]人民网.同非洲朋友一起学习《摆脱贫困》(权威论坛)[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://world.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0712/c1002-29398418.html.
[5]李安山.论中非合作的原则与面临的困境[J].上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2011(6):111-121.
[6]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.新闻办发布《中国的对外援助》白皮书(全文)[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2011-04/21/content_1849712.htm,2017-05-16.
[7]李安山.中非合作的基础:民间交往的历史、成就与特点[J].西亚非洲,2015(3):51-73.
[8]薛琳.对改革开放前中国援助非洲的战略反思[J].当代世界社会主义问题,2013(1):103-115.
[9]蒋华杰.国际冷战、革命外交与对外援助——中国对非援助政策形成的再考察(1956-1965)[J].社会科学文摘,2016(12):14-16.
[10]徐亮亮.改革开放后中国对非洲援助外交面临的挑战与调整[D].上海:复旦大学,2010:6-7.
[11]陈路齐.21世纪以来中国对非洲援助的新发展[D].北京:外交学院,2009:13-16.
[12]中非合作论坛.中非合作论坛介绍[EB/OL].http://www.focac.org/chn/ltda/ltjj/t933521.htm,2017-05-16.
[13]张改萍,吴长伟,于帅帅,李晓鹏.中国农业助力非洲农业发展中非农业合作硕果累累[EB/OL].http://news.ifeng.com/a/20151205/46539735_0.shtml,2017-05-13.
[14]邹立行.全球化中的中非能源合作[J].国际融资,2016(12):58-62.
[15]Li Hejun.Win-Win Cooperation marks China’s presence in Africa[J].China Oil&Gas,2015(2):60-63.
[16]李小云,马杰文,唐丽霞,徐秀丽.关于中国减贫经验国际化的讨论[J].中国农业大学学报(社会与科学版),2016-10,33(5):18-29.
[17]中华人民共和国国务院新闻办办公室.《中国的减贫行动与人权进步》白皮书(全文)[EB/OL].http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/34102/35265/35277/Document/1494391/1494391.htm,2017-05-13.
[18]韩广富,何玲.论江泽民农村扶贫开发思想的时代特征[J].中共青岛市委党校青岛行政学院学报,2006(4):20-22.
[19]甘肃省财政厅.中国反贫困斗争的伟大决战[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://www.czxx.gansu.gov.cn/xinwenzhuanqu/caijingyaowen/20170814/1140046661de03.htm.
[20]中国网·中国发展门户网.【砥砺奋进的五年】精准脱贫为全球减贫治理提供中国方案[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://www.china.com.cn/news/cndg/2017-08/14/content_41407305.htm.
[21]人民网.乍得总统代比:中国是成功的典范是我们的榜样[EB/OL].(2018-05-15).http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2015/1016/c1001-27706619.html.
[22]辛识平.习近平贡献消除贫困的中国方案[N].新华每日电讯,2017-8-18(04).
[23]中华人民共和国中央人民政府.李克强访非:461框架和3大网络助推中非关系升级[EB/OL].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2014-05/13/content_2678626.htm,2017-05-19.
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[26]Havard Business Review.How China’s approach beats the west’s in Africa[EB/OL].https://hbr.org/2012/09/how-chinas-approach-beats-the,2017-.5-20.
[27]中非合作论坛.佛得角前总统:非洲需要中国这样安全可靠的合作伙伴[EB/OL].http://www.focac.org/chn/jlydh/t1377593.htm,2017-05-20.
[28]中非合作论坛.2016年中国与非洲各国贸易数据及相关[EB/OL].http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/zflt/chn/zxxx/t1452476.htm,2017-05-20.
[29]姜亚鹏,王飞.中国对外直接投资母国就业效应的区域差异分析[J].上海经济研究,2012(7):43-53.
[30]中华人民共和国商务部.2016年中国对非洲投资数据统计[EB/OL].http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/tongjiziliao/fuwzn/swfalv/201704/20170402557490.shtml,2017-05-20.
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[32]中非发展基金.中非发展基金有限公司2017招聘启事[EB/OL].http://www.cadfund.com/NewsInfo.aspx?NId=1236,2017-05-20.
[33]央视网.《辉煌中国》第六集《开放中国》解说词[EB/OL].http://www.mnw.cn/,2017-09-26.
[34]Joe Li.Upgrading China-Africa cooperation[J].Regional trade&investment,2016(6):27-29.
[35]张传红.“中非农业合作助推非洲农业现代化”国际研讨会综述[J].现代国际关系,2016(9):63-65.
[36]李志伟.中非合作论坛—减贫与发展会议在毛里求斯举行[EB/OL].http://www.cpad.gov.cn/art/2017/9/11/art_39_69903.html,2017-09-13.
[37]杜尚泽.记国家主席习近平非洲之行:24亿人的梦想[N].人民日报,2015-12-7(02).
[38]World Health Organization.Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV,2015BY WHO region[EB/OL].http://www.who.int/gho/hiv/epidemic/hiv_001.jpg,2017-05-23.
[39]贺文萍.非洲安全形势特点及中非安全合作新视角[J].亚非纵横,2015(2):1-14,121,125.
[40]材料资源:https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html,2017-09-22.
[41]Kenneth Silverman,August F.Holtyn,Brantley.P Jarvis.a potential role of anti-poverty progranmes in health promotion[J].Preventive medicine,2016(92):58-61.
[42]THE WORLD BANK.Why we need to close the infrastructure gap in Sub-Saharan Africa[EB/OL].http://www.worldbank.org/en/region/afr/publication/why-we-need-to-Close-the-infrastructure-gap-in-sub-saharan-africa,2017-05-23.
[43]THE WORLD BANK.Africa’s pulse:Focus on closing the infrastructure gap to increase growth[EB/OL].http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/video/2017/04/19/africas-pulse-focus-on-closing-the-infrastructure-gap-to-increase-growth,2017-05-23.
[44]周玉渊.中非合作论坛15年:成就、挑战与展望[J].西亚非洲,2016(1):4-21.
[45]中华人民共和国商务部.尼日利亚纺织品企业大量倒闭[EB/OL].http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/i/jyjl/k/201604/20160401291676.shtml,2017-07-26.
[46]曹未峰,刘松明,周斌.关注非洲市场质量要求[N].中国国门时报,2017-3-3(03).
[47]张春.中非合作的政策空间变化与应对策略[J].西亚非洲,2015(3):33-50.
[48]XU W.China’s cooperation with international health organizations in Africa:Review and outlook[J].Contemporary international relations,2016(3):115-125.
[49]LIN S,GAO L,MWLISSA R,FENG C,JOAN K,WAFAA M.China’s health assistance to Africa:opportunism or altruism?[J].Globalization and Health,2016(12):1-5.