燃气管线相邻地下空间安全监测方法及其应用研究
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摘要
城市燃气管线泄漏极易导致火灾爆炸等重大安全事故,严重威胁城市安全。通过监测预警技术,快速准确地发现泄漏,防止可燃气体聚集,是保障燃气管线安全运行的重要手段。提出了一种燃气管线相邻地下空间安全监测预警方法,构建了风险识别、预测预警、分析推演和决策支持一体化安全监测系统,并应用于合肥市2. 5 km燃气管线及其相邻空间高风险区域。结果表明,提出的燃气管线相邻地下空间安全监测方法可用于燃气管线泄漏监测预警,以减少或避免燃气泄漏引发的火灾爆炸事故。
In this paper,the author would like to propose a renovated gas leakage monitoring method for gas pipelines and their adjacent underground spaces. As is known,there exists a lot of leak risks in the gas pipelines and adjacent underground spaces,which are likely to lead to fire and explosion disasters and in turn seriously threaten the urban area safety. Therefore, methane concentration monitoring in the underground spaces is of particular significance,which makes it possible to have a prompt response and ensure the pipeline safety. With the guidance and reference of the risk assessment process,the monitoring sites can be elaborately chosen and optimally deployed around the gas pipelines and their adjacent underground spaces. Moreover,the environment,including the space volume and the temperature of the pipeline network along with the adjacent underground space environment have to be taken into account to determine the severity and range of the gas leakage,All this makes it necessary to set up the alarm thresholds to fit for the 3 concentrated stages,that is,1%,3% and 5%. And,according to the physical characteristic features of methane and its explosion limits,it would be necessary to provide for the following decision-making support to treat the alarms by pointing out the location of the gas leak model and the diffusion tendency of the gas leakage model,and then,formulating an auxiliary plan for the alarm treatment system,including the multi-sector collaboration and the gas pipeline maintenance. In addition,a monitoring system has also to be established based on the hierarchical information management,with the functions of risk identification and analysis,the realtime monitoring,the early alarming,and the decision-making support. The system we have developed can be adopted to 2. 5 km gas pipelines and their adjacent spaces in Hefei City,Anhui.What is more,the proposed method and its effectiveness can also be tested and confirmed in the real-time condition monitoring and timely alarm of the gas leakage. Thus,it can be seen that the method can apparently reduce or get rid of fire and explosion accidents. In addition,the aforementioned method that the paper has developed has also brought about novel ideas for developing a smart fire-disaster warning and safeguard system in modern cities.
In this paper,the author would like to propose a renovated gas leakage monitoring method for gas pipelines and their adjacent underground spaces. As is known,there exists a lot of leak risks in the gas pipelines and adjacent underground spaces,which are likely to lead to fire and explosion disasters and in turn seriously threaten the urban area safety. Therefore, methane concentration monitoring in the underground spaces is of particular significance,which makes it possible to have a prompt response and ensure the pipeline safety. With the guidance and reference of the risk assessment process,the monitoring sites can be elaborately chosen and optimally deployed around the gas pipelines and their adjacent underground spaces. Moreover,the environment,including the space volume and the temperature of the pipeline network along with the adjacent underground space environment have to be taken into account to determine the severity and range of the gas leakage,All this makes it necessary to set up the alarm thresholds to fit for the 3 concentrated stages,that is,1%,3% and 5%. And,according to the physical characteristic features of methane and its explosion limits,it would be necessary to provide for the following decision-making support to treat the alarms by pointing out the location of the gas leak model and the diffusion tendency of the gas leakage model,and then,formulating an auxiliary plan for the alarm treatment system,including the multi-sector collaboration and the gas pipeline maintenance. In addition,a monitoring system has also to be established based on the hierarchical information management,with the functions of risk identification and analysis,the realtime monitoring,the early alarming,and the decision-making support. The system we have developed can be adopted to 2. 5 km gas pipelines and their adjacent spaces in Hefei City,Anhui.What is more,the proposed method and its effectiveness can also be tested and confirmed in the real-time condition monitoring and timely alarm of the gas leakage. Thus,it can be seen that the method can apparently reduce or get rid of fire and explosion accidents. In addition,the aforementioned method that the paper has developed has also brought about novel ideas for developing a smart fire-disaster warning and safeguard system in modern cities.
引文
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[3] China News(中讯). 30 deaths and 314 injuries in Taiwan Kaohsiung gas explosion accident[J]. Transportation of Guangdong(广东交通),2014(4):58.
[4] Operation&Training(战训). Analysis of the “7·4”Songyuan gas pipeline leakage explosion accident and rescue[J]. China Fire(中国消防),2018(8):61-64.
[5] LI Fan(李帆),ZHANG Lijuan(张丽娟). Leak detection and location of gas pipeline based on wavelet denoising technology[J]. Fluid Machinery(流体机械),2006,34(12):47-51.
[6] DENG Jinwei(邓金伟). The applied analysis of the leak detection and location of urban gas network project[J].Urban Gas(城市燃气),2015(8):11-15.
[7] WENZL R,LEHNER R,KISS H. Second-look laparoscopy after tubal perforation with a tuboscope[J]. Gynakologisch-Geburtshilfliche Rundschau, 2007, 37(1):39-40.
[8] LIU Jidong(刘吉东),CHEN Shaoping(陈绍萍). Corrosion leakage detection technology for oil&gas pipeline at home and abroad[J]. Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering(油气田地面工程),2003,22(11):48-49.
[9] LORD W,HWANG J H. Defect characterization from magnetic leakage fields[J]. British Journal of NDT,1977,16(1):14-20.
[10] BAILEY D,WRIGHT E. Practical SCADA for industry[M]. Burlington:Newnes,2003:273-288.
[11] WANG Zhanshan(王占山),ZHANG Huaguang(张化光),FENG Jian(冯健),et al. Present situation and prospect on leak detection and localization techniques for long-distance fluid transport-pipelines[J]. Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry(化工自动化及仪表),2003,30(15):5-10.
[12] ZHAO Jinhui(赵金辉). Study on the leakage detection theory and experiment research of gas pipeline network(燃气管道泄漏检测定位理论与实验研究)[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2010.
[13] GE Chuanhu,WANG Huizhen,YE Hao. Analysis of the smallest detectable leakage flow rate of negative pressure wave-based leak detection systems for liquid pipelines[J]. Computers&Chemical Engineering,2008,32(8):1669-1680.
[14] YANG Zhenhong(杨振宏),WANG Can(王璨),HU Shijie(胡世杰). Study on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system of city gas pipeline based on AHP[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2013,13(2):257-260.
[15] ZONG Gang(宗刚),ZHU Yongzhong(朱永中). Research on the ways of disaster prevention and mitigation of urban lifeline system based on GIS[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2015,15(1):157-162.
[16] QIU Shanshan(仇山珊). The study on fuzzy collocation assessment of urban gas network project risk(城市燃气管网建设项目风险模糊综合评价研究)[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2013.
[17] SUN Anna(孙安娜),DUAN Changgui(段常贵),ZHOU Wei(周卫),et al. Diffusion analysis of leaked gas during accident of underground gas pipeline[J]. Gas&Heat(煤气与热力),2007,27(1):17-20.
[18] ZHU Wei(朱伟),WENG Wenguo(翁文国),LIU Kehui(刘克会). Safety risk assessment of urban underground pipeline operation(城市地下管线运行安全风险评估)[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2016.
[19] ZHAO Ling(赵玲),YI Jun(易俊),WANG Wenhe(王文和). Evaluation methods and their application to meet the challenge of the urban gas network vulnerability[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2015,15(1):68-72.
[20] WU Feng(吴峰),WANG Rui(王锐). Quantitative evaluation analysis of natural gas pipeline leakage accident consequence[J]. Gas&Heat(煤气与热力),2012,32(5):76-78.
[2] JIANG Yinghua(蒋颖华). The leakage detection technology application in city gas[J]. Shanghai Gas(上海煤气),2009(3):13-14,18.
[3] China News(中讯). 30 deaths and 314 injuries in Taiwan Kaohsiung gas explosion accident[J]. Transportation of Guangdong(广东交通),2014(4):58.
[4] Operation&Training(战训). Analysis of the “7·4”Songyuan gas pipeline leakage explosion accident and rescue[J]. China Fire(中国消防),2018(8):61-64.
[5] LI Fan(李帆),ZHANG Lijuan(张丽娟). Leak detection and location of gas pipeline based on wavelet denoising technology[J]. Fluid Machinery(流体机械),2006,34(12):47-51.
[6] DENG Jinwei(邓金伟). The applied analysis of the leak detection and location of urban gas network project[J].Urban Gas(城市燃气),2015(8):11-15.
[7] WENZL R,LEHNER R,KISS H. Second-look laparoscopy after tubal perforation with a tuboscope[J]. Gynakologisch-Geburtshilfliche Rundschau, 2007, 37(1):39-40.
[8] LIU Jidong(刘吉东),CHEN Shaoping(陈绍萍). Corrosion leakage detection technology for oil&gas pipeline at home and abroad[J]. Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering(油气田地面工程),2003,22(11):48-49.
[9] LORD W,HWANG J H. Defect characterization from magnetic leakage fields[J]. British Journal of NDT,1977,16(1):14-20.
[10] BAILEY D,WRIGHT E. Practical SCADA for industry[M]. Burlington:Newnes,2003:273-288.
[11] WANG Zhanshan(王占山),ZHANG Huaguang(张化光),FENG Jian(冯健),et al. Present situation and prospect on leak detection and localization techniques for long-distance fluid transport-pipelines[J]. Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry(化工自动化及仪表),2003,30(15):5-10.
[12] ZHAO Jinhui(赵金辉). Study on the leakage detection theory and experiment research of gas pipeline network(燃气管道泄漏检测定位理论与实验研究)[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2010.
[13] GE Chuanhu,WANG Huizhen,YE Hao. Analysis of the smallest detectable leakage flow rate of negative pressure wave-based leak detection systems for liquid pipelines[J]. Computers&Chemical Engineering,2008,32(8):1669-1680.
[14] YANG Zhenhong(杨振宏),WANG Can(王璨),HU Shijie(胡世杰). Study on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system of city gas pipeline based on AHP[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2013,13(2):257-260.
[15] ZONG Gang(宗刚),ZHU Yongzhong(朱永中). Research on the ways of disaster prevention and mitigation of urban lifeline system based on GIS[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2015,15(1):157-162.
[16] QIU Shanshan(仇山珊). The study on fuzzy collocation assessment of urban gas network project risk(城市燃气管网建设项目风险模糊综合评价研究)[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2013.
[17] SUN Anna(孙安娜),DUAN Changgui(段常贵),ZHOU Wei(周卫),et al. Diffusion analysis of leaked gas during accident of underground gas pipeline[J]. Gas&Heat(煤气与热力),2007,27(1):17-20.
[18] ZHU Wei(朱伟),WENG Wenguo(翁文国),LIU Kehui(刘克会). Safety risk assessment of urban underground pipeline operation(城市地下管线运行安全风险评估)[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2016.
[19] ZHAO Ling(赵玲),YI Jun(易俊),WANG Wenhe(王文和). Evaluation methods and their application to meet the challenge of the urban gas network vulnerability[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2015,15(1):68-72.
[20] WU Feng(吴峰),WANG Rui(王锐). Quantitative evaluation analysis of natural gas pipeline leakage accident consequence[J]. Gas&Heat(煤气与热力),2012,32(5):76-78.