骨料种类对糯米灰浆性能的影响
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摘要
采用灰浆性能表征并辅以扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等技术手段,测定了制备的糯米灰浆的表面强度、抗压强度、抗冻性等性能,探讨了骨料的种类、粒径以及掺量对糯米灰浆性能的影响。结果表明:砖颗粒、河砂、石英砂3种骨料的掺入,使糯米灰浆的收缩性和抗冻性均得到较大改善。其中,砖颗粒骨料的加入使糯米灰浆的抗冻性较空白样品提高了125%;但随着骨料粒径和骨灰比的增大,掺入骨料糯米灰浆的抗压强度、抗冻性和收缩率呈下降趋势。因此,在砖石质文物的保护中,建议使用砖颗粒作为糯米灰浆的骨料,并将骨料粒径控制在3mm以下,骨料/灰的比值控制在2∶1以下,对改善糯米灰浆的性能效果最佳。
The properties such as surface hardness,compressive strength,freeze-thaw resistance and other properties of the prepared glutinous rice mortar were determined by mortar performance.The influence of the species of aggregate,the size of the particle and the amount of the aggregate on the properties of glutinous rice mortar are discussed and its action mechanism is explored by means of SEM and XRD.Results show that the addition of silica sand,river sand and brick grain improve the shrinkage and freezethaw resistance.Among the three aggregates,brick grain make the freeze-thaw resistance of sticky ricelime mortar increased by 125% compared to blank sample.However,with increase of aggregate particle size and bone ash ratio,the compressive strength,freezing-thawing resistance and shrinkage of aggregates decreased.Therefore,for the protection practice of brick cultural relic,it is suggested that the brick grain is added as the aggregate,the grain size is controlled to be within 3 mm,and the aggregate to lime ratio below 2∶1,which is the optimal way to improve the performance of glutinous rice mortar.
The properties such as surface hardness,compressive strength,freeze-thaw resistance and other properties of the prepared glutinous rice mortar were determined by mortar performance.The influence of the species of aggregate,the size of the particle and the amount of the aggregate on the properties of glutinous rice mortar are discussed and its action mechanism is explored by means of SEM and XRD.Results show that the addition of silica sand,river sand and brick grain improve the shrinkage and freezethaw resistance.Among the three aggregates,brick grain make the freeze-thaw resistance of sticky ricelime mortar increased by 125% compared to blank sample.However,with increase of aggregate particle size and bone ash ratio,the compressive strength,freezing-thawing resistance and shrinkage of aggregates decreased.Therefore,for the protection practice of brick cultural relic,it is suggested that the brick grain is added as the aggregate,the grain size is controlled to be within 3 mm,and the aggregate to lime ratio below 2∶1,which is the optimal way to improve the performance of glutinous rice mortar.
引文
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[2]魏国锋,张秉坚,方世强.添加剂对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响及其机理[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,33(5):143-149.WEI G F,ZHANG B J,FANG S Q.Influence of admixtures on properties of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar and their mechanisms[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural &Environment Engineering,2011,33(5):143-149.(in Chinese)
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[6]崔源声.天然水硬性石灰水泥发展报告[C]//2013中国水泥技术年会暨第十五届全国水泥技术交流大会,2013.CUI Y S.Study on the development of natural hydraulic lime cement[C]//2013China Cement Technology Annual Conference and the Fifteenth National Cement Technology Exchange Conference Proceeding,2013.(in Chinese)
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[8]秦拥军,刘志刚,于江.分类再生细骨料对建筑砂浆性能影响的试验研究[J].混凝土,2014(11):127-131.QIN Y J,LIU Z G,YU J.Classification recycled fine aggregate impact on the performance of building mortar experimental study[J].Concrete,2014(11):127-131.(in Chinese)
[9]VYSVARIL M,ZIZLAVSKRT,BAYER P.The effect of aggregate type on the properties of lime mortars[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2016, 861:141-148.
[10]魏国锋,方世强,张秉坚,等.传统糯米灰浆碳化过程中Liesegang环的形成机理研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(8):2181-2184.WEI G F,FANG S Q,ZHANG B J,et al.Study on the mechanism of liesegang pattern development during carbonating of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(8):2181-2184.(in Chinese)
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[12]周虎.传统糯米灰浆在砖石质文物保护中的应用[D].合肥:安徽大学,2016.ZHOU H.Study of sticky rice-lime mortar for the conservation of stone culture relics[D].Hefei:Anhui University,2016.(in Chinese)
[13]建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法:JGJ 70―2009[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Standard for test method for basic properties of construction mortar:JGJ 70-2009[S].Beijing:China Architecture &Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]BINDIGANAVILE V,ISLAM M T,SURESH N.Evaluation of water permeability in fibre reinforced hydraulic lime mortar intended for conservation[J].Key Engineering Materials,2016,711:630-637.
[15]张伟潼,江守恒,王洪生.粗集料特征参数对混凝土自收缩影响[J].低温建筑技术,2012(4):11-12.ZHANG W T,JIANG S H,WANG H S.Effect of characteristic parameter of coarse aggregate on autogenous shrinkage of concrete[J]. Low Temperature Architecture Technology,2012,(4):11-12.(in Chinese)
[16]李新建,韩涛,靳秀芝,等.废黏土砖颗粒对砂浆强度的影响[J].建材技术与应用,2011(3):1-3.LI X J,HAN T,JIN X Z,et al.Influence of waste clay brick particles on strength of mortar[J].Research&Application of Building Materials,2011(3):1-3.(in Chinese)
[17]OLIVEIRA M A,AZENHA M,LOURENCO P B,et al.Experimental analysis of the carbonation and humidity diffusion processes in aerial lime mortar[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,148:38-48.
[18]GRILO J,FARIA P,VEIGA R,et al.New natural hydraulic lime mortars–Physical and microstructural properties in different curing conditions[J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,54:378-384.
[19]LIU X B,MA X,ZHANG B J.Analytical investigations of traditional masonry mortars from ancient city walls built during Ming and Qing dynasties in China[J].International Journal of Architectural Heritage,2016,10(5):663-673.
[2]魏国锋,张秉坚,方世强.添加剂对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响及其机理[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2011,33(5):143-149.WEI G F,ZHANG B J,FANG S Q.Influence of admixtures on properties of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar and their mechanisms[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural &Environment Engineering,2011,33(5):143-149.(in Chinese)
[3]刘效彬.中国传统灰浆的化学组成特征及粘结机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.LIU X B.Investigation of the chemical characteristics and bonding mechanism of Chinese traditional lime mortars[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015.(in Chinese)
[4]李祖光,方世强,魏国锋,等.无机添加剂对糯米灰浆性能影响及机理研究[J].建筑材料学报,2013,16(3):462-468.LI Z G,FANG S Q,WEI G F,et al.Influence of inorganic admixture on performance of sticky rice-lime mortar and its mechanism[J].Journal of Building Materials,2013,16(3):462-468.(in Chinese)
[5]魏国锋,周虎,方世强,等.石灰种类对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2015,18(5):873-878.WEI G F,ZHOU H,FANG S Q,et al.Effect of lime type on properties of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar[J].Journal of Building Materials,2015,18(5):873-878.(in Chinese)
[6]崔源声.天然水硬性石灰水泥发展报告[C]//2013中国水泥技术年会暨第十五届全国水泥技术交流大会,2013.CUI Y S.Study on the development of natural hydraulic lime cement[C]//2013China Cement Technology Annual Conference and the Fifteenth National Cement Technology Exchange Conference Proceeding,2013.(in Chinese)
[7]李博,宋燕,马清林,等.中国传统灰土灰浆材料改性试验研究[J].广西民族大学学报(自然科学版),2013,19(4):18-24.LI B,SONG Y,MA Q L,et al.Studies on modified Chinese traditional lime-clay mortar[J].Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities(Natural Science Edition),2013,19(4):18-24.(in Chinese)
[8]秦拥军,刘志刚,于江.分类再生细骨料对建筑砂浆性能影响的试验研究[J].混凝土,2014(11):127-131.QIN Y J,LIU Z G,YU J.Classification recycled fine aggregate impact on the performance of building mortar experimental study[J].Concrete,2014(11):127-131.(in Chinese)
[9]VYSVARIL M,ZIZLAVSKRT,BAYER P.The effect of aggregate type on the properties of lime mortars[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2016, 861:141-148.
[10]魏国锋,方世强,张秉坚,等.传统糯米灰浆碳化过程中Liesegang环的形成机理研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(8):2181-2184.WEI G F,FANG S Q,ZHANG B J,et al.Study on the mechanism of liesegang pattern development during carbonating of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(8):2181-2184.(in Chinese)
[11]郑晓平,魏国锋,张秉坚.自制硅酸盐对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响[J].土木建筑与环境工程,2017,39(4):128-133.ZHENG X P,WEI G F,ZHANG B J.Influence of prepared silicate on properties of traditional sticky ricelime mortar[J].Journal of Civil,Architectural &Environmental Engineering,2017,39(4):128-133.(in Chinese)
[12]周虎.传统糯米灰浆在砖石质文物保护中的应用[D].合肥:安徽大学,2016.ZHOU H.Study of sticky rice-lime mortar for the conservation of stone culture relics[D].Hefei:Anhui University,2016.(in Chinese)
[13]建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法:JGJ 70―2009[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Standard for test method for basic properties of construction mortar:JGJ 70-2009[S].Beijing:China Architecture &Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[14]BINDIGANAVILE V,ISLAM M T,SURESH N.Evaluation of water permeability in fibre reinforced hydraulic lime mortar intended for conservation[J].Key Engineering Materials,2016,711:630-637.
[15]张伟潼,江守恒,王洪生.粗集料特征参数对混凝土自收缩影响[J].低温建筑技术,2012(4):11-12.ZHANG W T,JIANG S H,WANG H S.Effect of characteristic parameter of coarse aggregate on autogenous shrinkage of concrete[J]. Low Temperature Architecture Technology,2012,(4):11-12.(in Chinese)
[16]李新建,韩涛,靳秀芝,等.废黏土砖颗粒对砂浆强度的影响[J].建材技术与应用,2011(3):1-3.LI X J,HAN T,JIN X Z,et al.Influence of waste clay brick particles on strength of mortar[J].Research&Application of Building Materials,2011(3):1-3.(in Chinese)
[17]OLIVEIRA M A,AZENHA M,LOURENCO P B,et al.Experimental analysis of the carbonation and humidity diffusion processes in aerial lime mortar[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,148:38-48.
[18]GRILO J,FARIA P,VEIGA R,et al.New natural hydraulic lime mortars–Physical and microstructural properties in different curing conditions[J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,54:378-384.
[19]LIU X B,MA X,ZHANG B J.Analytical investigations of traditional masonry mortars from ancient city walls built during Ming and Qing dynasties in China[J].International Journal of Architectural Heritage,2016,10(5):663-673.