平面阵列的半实值MUSIC波达方向估计算法
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摘要
针对二维波达方向(DOA)估计算法运算量大的问题,基于平面阵列提出一种优化后的半实值MUSIC算法,将问题转化为对目标与x轴、y轴的2个夹角的估计,首先提取接收信号协方差矩阵的实部,并对其特征值分解得到噪声子空间;利用Kronecker积降维得到搜索区域减半的MUSIC谱,估计入射方向与x轴夹角;接着利用最小二乘法得到目标与y轴夹角的估计值;最后根据角度的对应关系方程求得二维DOA的估计值。仿真结果表明,该算法在保证精度的同时显著减小了运算量,且算法估计性能与常规MUSIC算法相当。
To reduce the computational complexity of the two-dimensional direction of arrival(DOA)with planar array,this paper proposes a semi-real-valued MUSIC algorithm.The paper transforms one of the DOA estimation into an estimation of the angles between the target and xaxis and yaxis.Firstly,the real part of the received signal covariance matrix is extracted and performed an eigen-decomposition to obtain the noise subspace.Then,the dimension of the process is reduced to achieve one dimension semi-realvalued MUSIC spectrum.Next,the paper evaluates the estimation of the angle between the incident direction and the xaxis.After that the paper utilizes the least-square method for getting an estimation of the angle between the target and yaxis.Finally according to the corresponding relationship between azimuth and elevation and the two angles,the two-dimensional DOA estimate is evaluated.This algorithm has the similar estimation performance with traditional MUSIC algorithm,significantly reducing computation complexity.The simulation results show that the algorithm is valid.
To reduce the computational complexity of the two-dimensional direction of arrival(DOA)with planar array,this paper proposes a semi-real-valued MUSIC algorithm.The paper transforms one of the DOA estimation into an estimation of the angles between the target and xaxis and yaxis.Firstly,the real part of the received signal covariance matrix is extracted and performed an eigen-decomposition to obtain the noise subspace.Then,the dimension of the process is reduced to achieve one dimension semi-realvalued MUSIC spectrum.Next,the paper evaluates the estimation of the angle between the incident direction and the xaxis.After that the paper utilizes the least-square method for getting an estimation of the angle between the target and yaxis.Finally according to the corresponding relationship between azimuth and elevation and the two angles,the two-dimensional DOA estimate is evaluated.This algorithm has the similar estimation performance with traditional MUSIC algorithm,significantly reducing computation complexity.The simulation results show that the algorithm is valid.
引文
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[9]ZHANG X,XU L.DOD and DOA Estimation in MIMO Radar with Reduced-Dimension MUSIC[J].IEEE Communications Letters,2010,14(12):1161-1163.
[10]XIE R,LIU Z,WU J X.Direction Finding with Automatic Pairing for Bistatic MIMO Radar[J].Signal Processing,2012,92(1):198-203.
[11]BENCHIKH M L,WANG Y,HE H.Polynomial Root Finding Technique for Joint DOA DOD Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar[J].Signal Processing,2010,90(9):2723-2730.
[12]HEIDENREICH P,ZOUBIR A M,RUBSAMEN M.Joint 2D DOA Estimation and Phase Calibration for Uniform Rectangular Arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2012,60(9):4683-4693.
[13]张秦,张林让,郑桂妹.任意阵列双基地MIMO雷达的半实值MUSIC目标DOD和DOA联合估计[J].系统工程与电子技术,2016,38(3):532-538.ZHANG Q,ZHANG L R,ZHENG G M.Joint DOD and DOA Estimation for Bistatic MIMO Radar with Arbitrary Array Using Smi-Real-Valued MUSIC[J].System Engineering and Electronics,2016,38(3):532-538.(in Chinese)
[14]YAN F,JIN M,LIU S.Real-valued MUSIC for Efficient Direction Estimation with Arbitrary Arrays[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,2014,62(6):1548-1560.
[15]GOLUB G H,LOAN C F.Matrixs Computations[M].Homewood:The John Hopkins University Press,1996.
[16]蔡晶晶,李鹏,赵国庆.RD-MUSIC的二维DOA估计方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2013,40(3):81-86.CAI J J,LI P,ZHAO G Q.Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation with Reduced-Dimension MUSIC[J].Journal of Xidian University,2013,40(3):81-86.(in Chinese)
[2]NURI Y,TAPAN K S.2-D Unitary Matrix Pencil Method for Efficient Direction of Arrival Estimation[J].Digital Signal Processing,2006,16(6):767-781.
[3]杨艳飞,高健,张兴敢.一种基于L型阵列的改进的二维DOA估计方法[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),2016,52(5):953-959.YANG Y F,GAO J,ZHANG X G.An Improved Method for Estimation Two-Dimensional DOA Based on L-shape array[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences),2016,52(5):953-959.(in Chinese)
[4]李杰然,许稼.共形阵列信号DOA和极化状态联合估计研究[J].雷达科学与技术,2015,13(2):159-163.LI J R,XU J.Joint Estimation of 2D-DOA and Polarization Based on Conformal Array[J].Radar Science and Technology,2015,13(2):159-163.(in Chinese)
[5]曾文浩,朱晓华,李洪涛,等.一种稀疏阵列下的二维DOA估计方法[J].航空学报,2016,37(7):2269-2275.ZENG W H,ZHU X H,LI H T,et al.A 2DDOA Estimation Method for Sparse Array[J].Aeronautic and Astronautic Sinica,2016,37(7):2269-2275.(in Chinese)
[6]王凌,李国林.利用单次快拍实现相干信源二维测向的新算法[J].北京理工大学学报,2015,35(5):512-518.WANG L,LI G L.A New Method for Estimating 2-D DOA in Coherent Source Environment Using Single Snapshot[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2015,35(5):512-518.
[7]李磊,李国林.基于一阶统计量的子空间旋转不变解相干算法[J].探测与控制学报,2015,37(3):29-34.LI L,LI G L.ESPRIT Decorrelation Algorithm Based on First Order Statistics[J].Journal of Detection&Control,2015,37(3):29-34.(in Chinese)
[8]ZHANG X,XU D.Angle Estimation in MIMO Radar Using Reduced-Dimension Capon[J].Electronics Letters,2010,46(12):860-861.
[9]ZHANG X,XU L.DOD and DOA Estimation in MIMO Radar with Reduced-Dimension MUSIC[J].IEEE Communications Letters,2010,14(12):1161-1163.
[10]XIE R,LIU Z,WU J X.Direction Finding with Automatic Pairing for Bistatic MIMO Radar[J].Signal Processing,2012,92(1):198-203.
[11]BENCHIKH M L,WANG Y,HE H.Polynomial Root Finding Technique for Joint DOA DOD Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar[J].Signal Processing,2010,90(9):2723-2730.
[12]HEIDENREICH P,ZOUBIR A M,RUBSAMEN M.Joint 2D DOA Estimation and Phase Calibration for Uniform Rectangular Arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2012,60(9):4683-4693.
[13]张秦,张林让,郑桂妹.任意阵列双基地MIMO雷达的半实值MUSIC目标DOD和DOA联合估计[J].系统工程与电子技术,2016,38(3):532-538.ZHANG Q,ZHANG L R,ZHENG G M.Joint DOD and DOA Estimation for Bistatic MIMO Radar with Arbitrary Array Using Smi-Real-Valued MUSIC[J].System Engineering and Electronics,2016,38(3):532-538.(in Chinese)
[14]YAN F,JIN M,LIU S.Real-valued MUSIC for Efficient Direction Estimation with Arbitrary Arrays[J].IEEE Trans on Signal Processing,2014,62(6):1548-1560.
[15]GOLUB G H,LOAN C F.Matrixs Computations[M].Homewood:The John Hopkins University Press,1996.
[16]蔡晶晶,李鹏,赵国庆.RD-MUSIC的二维DOA估计方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2013,40(3):81-86.CAI J J,LI P,ZHAO G Q.Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation with Reduced-Dimension MUSIC[J].Journal of Xidian University,2013,40(3):81-86.(in Chinese)