海上废弃井套管磨料射流切割监测系统
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摘要
针对海上废弃井套管切割的实际需求,提出了磨料射流切割状态实时监测系统。根据磨料射流切割理论,采用了高精度压电换能器拾取磨料撞击套管后产生的振动信号。在此基础上,通过对振动信号进行短时傅里叶变换(short-time Fourier transform,STFT),并利用Savitzky-Golay(S-G)方法完成信号功率谱时域滤波,最后通过频谱特性分析判断每层套管是否切断。试验表明,在水泥浇筑的3层管柱模拟井中,该监测系统可以准确判断每一层套管的切割状态,实现磨料射流切割的实时监测,有效提高作业效率。
Based on the practical requirements on cutting abandoned casing pipe at sea,a real-time monitoring system of the abrasive waterjet( AWJ) cutting was proposed to detect cutting signal. According to the theory of AWJ cutting,a high precision piezoelectric transducer was used to pick up the vibration signal produced by abrasive particles impingement on the walls of casing pipe. On this basis,Short-time Fourier transform( STFT) was used to analyze vibration signal spectrum in time-frequency domain.Then Savitzky-Golay( S-G) filter was selected to smooth the power spectrum. Finally,spectrum characteristic analysis was used to judge whether each layer casing pipe was completely cut or not. The experimental results show that the system can realize accurate judgement of the cutting status of abandoned casing within the 3 layer casing string simulated well pouring by cement,and achieve the monitoring of AWJ cutting in real-time and improve the efficiency of working.
Based on the practical requirements on cutting abandoned casing pipe at sea,a real-time monitoring system of the abrasive waterjet( AWJ) cutting was proposed to detect cutting signal. According to the theory of AWJ cutting,a high precision piezoelectric transducer was used to pick up the vibration signal produced by abrasive particles impingement on the walls of casing pipe. On this basis,Short-time Fourier transform( STFT) was used to analyze vibration signal spectrum in time-frequency domain.Then Savitzky-Golay( S-G) filter was selected to smooth the power spectrum. Finally,spectrum characteristic analysis was used to judge whether each layer casing pipe was completely cut or not. The experimental results show that the system can realize accurate judgement of the cutting status of abandoned casing within the 3 layer casing string simulated well pouring by cement,and achieve the monitoring of AWJ cutting in real-time and improve the efficiency of working.
引文
[1]李彦媛.深水套管水力切割技术的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[2]田晓洁,刘永红,林荣桔,等.深海套管切割工具的研究和发展现状[J].石油机械,2011(11):67-71.
[3]蒋慰兴,陈建兵,马认琦,等.磨料射流切割多层套管技术的试验研究[J].石油钻探技术,2009,37(2):41-44.
[4]陈建兵,王超,刘贵远,等.磨料射流切割套管技术研究及在海上弃井中的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2013(5):46-51.
[5] RAGHAVAN C,OLSEN J,ANDERSON C L,et al. Method and apparatus for cutting metal casings with an ultrahighpressure abrasive fluid jet:US,US 5381631 A[P]. 1995.
[6]贾惠芹,党博.切割海上废弃套管的完整性监测方法[J].自动化仪表,2017,38(6):79-81.
[7] HASSAN A I,CHEN C,KOVACEVIC R. On-line monitoring of depth of cut in AWJ cutting[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2004,44(6):595-605.
[8] YAN B,XIA C,WANG P,et al. Analysis of influencing factors of torque in casing cutting in deep water[J]. Oil Field Equipment,2015.
[9]唐川林,张凤华,聂四军,等.磨料水射流切割深度的数学模型[J].中国材料科技与设备,2006(4):104-105.
[10]周卫东,王瑞和,杨永印,等.前混式磨料水射流切割套管的深度计算模型[J].中国石油大学学报自然科学版,2001,25(2):3-5.
[11] HE Q,WANG J,HU F,et al. Wayside acoustic diagnosis of defective train bearings based on signal resampling and information enhancement[J]. Journal of Sound&Vibration,2013,332(21):5635-5649.
[12]庞巨手,郑桂芳,侯晓凤.对称零面积变换法找峰[J].原子能科学技术,1987,21(3):270.
[2]田晓洁,刘永红,林荣桔,等.深海套管切割工具的研究和发展现状[J].石油机械,2011(11):67-71.
[3]蒋慰兴,陈建兵,马认琦,等.磨料射流切割多层套管技术的试验研究[J].石油钻探技术,2009,37(2):41-44.
[4]陈建兵,王超,刘贵远,等.磨料射流切割套管技术研究及在海上弃井中的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2013(5):46-51.
[5] RAGHAVAN C,OLSEN J,ANDERSON C L,et al. Method and apparatus for cutting metal casings with an ultrahighpressure abrasive fluid jet:US,US 5381631 A[P]. 1995.
[6]贾惠芹,党博.切割海上废弃套管的完整性监测方法[J].自动化仪表,2017,38(6):79-81.
[7] HASSAN A I,CHEN C,KOVACEVIC R. On-line monitoring of depth of cut in AWJ cutting[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2004,44(6):595-605.
[8] YAN B,XIA C,WANG P,et al. Analysis of influencing factors of torque in casing cutting in deep water[J]. Oil Field Equipment,2015.
[9]唐川林,张凤华,聂四军,等.磨料水射流切割深度的数学模型[J].中国材料科技与设备,2006(4):104-105.
[10]周卫东,王瑞和,杨永印,等.前混式磨料水射流切割套管的深度计算模型[J].中国石油大学学报自然科学版,2001,25(2):3-5.
[11] HE Q,WANG J,HU F,et al. Wayside acoustic diagnosis of defective train bearings based on signal resampling and information enhancement[J]. Journal of Sound&Vibration,2013,332(21):5635-5649.
[12]庞巨手,郑桂芳,侯晓凤.对称零面积变换法找峰[J].原子能科学技术,1987,21(3):270.