基于资源环境承载力理论的海洋生态红线制度体系构建
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摘要
文章回顾了生态红线政策的理论和实践基础,总结了我国海洋生态红线顶层设计框架,即从国家战略定位、红线制度设计和管理实施三个层面来展开。在海洋资源环境承载力的理论体系下,提出我国海洋生态红线制度体系的构建设想,共分为四个阶段:(1)技术标准体系,是红线制度确定的基础;(2)海洋生态红线基本管理办法,确立海洋生态红线的施行程序及行政地位;(3)海洋生态红线配套制度,主要从行政手段、经济手段、宣传手段等方面来确保海洋生态红线的有效实施;(4)海洋生态红线后评估,包括绩效评估和监督考核,从行政体制上保证制度的有效执行。
By reviewing the theoretical system and practice of China's ecological red-line policy,this paper summarizes the overall framework design for marine ecological red-line paradigm in China,including national strategical plan,the red-line management system institutional design and its management and implementation.Under the theory of marine resource and environment carrying capacity,this research proposes the institutional design for marine ecological red-line management system,which is divided into four different stages:(1) Development of technical standard as the basis for the marine ecological red-line;(2) Basic measures for the administration of marine ecological red-line,to determine the implementation of marine ecological red-line policy's procedures and it's administrative status;(3) The supporting system for marine ecological red-line,mainly through administrative means,economic means and publicity,to strengthen the effective implementation;(4) Post-evaluation of the marine ecological red-line policy,including performance evaluation and monitoring,to ensure effective implementation of the policy through administrative system.
By reviewing the theoretical system and practice of China's ecological red-line policy,this paper summarizes the overall framework design for marine ecological red-line paradigm in China,including national strategical plan,the red-line management system institutional design and its management and implementation.Under the theory of marine resource and environment carrying capacity,this research proposes the institutional design for marine ecological red-line management system,which is divided into four different stages:(1) Development of technical standard as the basis for the marine ecological red-line;(2) Basic measures for the administration of marine ecological red-line,to determine the implementation of marine ecological red-line policy's procedures and it's administrative status;(3) The supporting system for marine ecological red-line,mainly through administrative means,economic means and publicity,to strengthen the effective implementation;(4) Post-evaluation of the marine ecological red-line policy,including performance evaluation and monitoring,to ensure effective implementation of the policy through administrative system.
引文
[1]国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所课题组.2015中国海洋发展报告[M].北京:海洋出版社,2016.
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[4]Ma Z J,Melville D S,Liu J G,et al.Rethinking China’s new great wall[J].Science,2014,346(6212):912-914.
[5]高吉喜.国家生态保护红线体系建设构想[J].环境保护,2014(2):18-21.
[6]林勇,樊景凤,温泉,等.生态红线划分的理论与技术[J].生态学报,2016(5):1244-1252.
[7]陈海嵩.“生态红线”制度体系建设的路线图[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015(9):52-59.
[8]郑华,欧阳志云.生态红线的实践与思考[J].中国科学院院刊,2014(4):457-461.
[9]李力,王景福.生态红线制度建设的理论和实践[J].生态经济,2014(8):138-140.
[10]何彦龙,黄华梅,陈洁,等.我国生态红线体系建设过程综述[J].生态经济,2016(9):135-139.
[11]姚佳,王敏,黄宇驰,等.我国生态保护红线三维制度体系——以宁德市为例[J].生态学报,2015(20):6848-6856.
[12]国家发展改革委,财政部,国土资源部,等.关于加强资源环境生态红线管控的指导意见[EB/OL].(2016-05-30).http://hzs.ndrc.gov.cn/newjsjyxsh/201606/t20160602_806358.html
[13]赵婧,国家海洋局全面建立实施海洋生态红线制度:牢牢守住海洋生态安全根本底线[EB/OL].(2016-06-16).http://www.soa.gov.cn/xw/hyyw_90/201606/t20160616_52167.html.
[14]黄伟,曾江宁,陈全震,等.海洋生态红线区划——以海南省为例[J].生态学报,2016(1):268-276.
[15]许妍,梁斌,鲍晨光,等.渤海生态红线划定的指标体系与技术方法研究[J].海洋通报,2013(4):361-367.
[16]曾江宁,陈全震,黄伟,等.中国海洋保护制度的转型发展——从海洋保护区走向海洋生态红线区[J].生态学报,2016(1):1-10.
[17]Lu W H,Liu J,Xiang X Q,et al.A comparison of marine spatial planning approaches in China:Marine functional zoning and the marine ecological red line[J].Marine Policy,2015,62:94-101.
[18]李双建,杨潇.海洋生态红线管理成效评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2016(1):165-169.
[19]李双建,杨潇,王金坑.海洋生态保护红线制度框架设计研究[J].海洋环境科学,2016(2):306-310.
[20]张彦英,樊笑英.生态文明建设与资源环境承载力[J].中国国土资源经济,2011(4):9-11.
[21]谭映宇.海洋资源、生态和环境承载力研究及其在渤海湾的应用[M].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[22]苗丽娟,王玉广,张永华,等.海洋生态环境承载力评价指标体系研究[J].海洋环境科学,2006(3):75-77.
[23]高吉喜.可持续发展理论探索:生态承载力的理论、方法与应用[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001:8-23.
[24]唐海萍,陈姣,薛海丽.生态阈值:概念、方法与研究展望[J].植物生态学报,2015(9):932-940.
[25]欧阳志云,郑华,岳平.建立我国生态补偿机制的思路与措施[J].生态学报,2013(3):686-692.
[26]Lv Y H,Ma Z M,Zhang L W,et al.Redlines for the green of China[J].Environmental Science&Policy,2013,33:346-353.
[27]任慧瑶.我国环境管理体制问题研究[J].北方经贸,2013(1):12-13.
[2]国家海洋局.2015年中国海洋环境状况公报[EB/OL].(2016-04-14).http://www.coi.gov.cn/gongbao/huanjing/201604/t20160414_33875.html.
[3]Sun Z G,Sun W G,Tong C,et al.China’s coastal wetlands:Conservation history,implementation efforts,existing issues and strategies for future improvement[J].Environment International,2015,79:25-11.
[4]Ma Z J,Melville D S,Liu J G,et al.Rethinking China’s new great wall[J].Science,2014,346(6212):912-914.
[5]高吉喜.国家生态保护红线体系建设构想[J].环境保护,2014(2):18-21.
[6]林勇,樊景凤,温泉,等.生态红线划分的理论与技术[J].生态学报,2016(5):1244-1252.
[7]陈海嵩.“生态红线”制度体系建设的路线图[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015(9):52-59.
[8]郑华,欧阳志云.生态红线的实践与思考[J].中国科学院院刊,2014(4):457-461.
[9]李力,王景福.生态红线制度建设的理论和实践[J].生态经济,2014(8):138-140.
[10]何彦龙,黄华梅,陈洁,等.我国生态红线体系建设过程综述[J].生态经济,2016(9):135-139.
[11]姚佳,王敏,黄宇驰,等.我国生态保护红线三维制度体系——以宁德市为例[J].生态学报,2015(20):6848-6856.
[12]国家发展改革委,财政部,国土资源部,等.关于加强资源环境生态红线管控的指导意见[EB/OL].(2016-05-30).http://hzs.ndrc.gov.cn/newjsjyxsh/201606/t20160602_806358.html
[13]赵婧,国家海洋局全面建立实施海洋生态红线制度:牢牢守住海洋生态安全根本底线[EB/OL].(2016-06-16).http://www.soa.gov.cn/xw/hyyw_90/201606/t20160616_52167.html.
[14]黄伟,曾江宁,陈全震,等.海洋生态红线区划——以海南省为例[J].生态学报,2016(1):268-276.
[15]许妍,梁斌,鲍晨光,等.渤海生态红线划定的指标体系与技术方法研究[J].海洋通报,2013(4):361-367.
[16]曾江宁,陈全震,黄伟,等.中国海洋保护制度的转型发展——从海洋保护区走向海洋生态红线区[J].生态学报,2016(1):1-10.
[17]Lu W H,Liu J,Xiang X Q,et al.A comparison of marine spatial planning approaches in China:Marine functional zoning and the marine ecological red line[J].Marine Policy,2015,62:94-101.
[18]李双建,杨潇.海洋生态红线管理成效评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2016(1):165-169.
[19]李双建,杨潇,王金坑.海洋生态保护红线制度框架设计研究[J].海洋环境科学,2016(2):306-310.
[20]张彦英,樊笑英.生态文明建设与资源环境承载力[J].中国国土资源经济,2011(4):9-11.
[21]谭映宇.海洋资源、生态和环境承载力研究及其在渤海湾的应用[M].青岛:中国海洋大学,2010.
[22]苗丽娟,王玉广,张永华,等.海洋生态环境承载力评价指标体系研究[J].海洋环境科学,2006(3):75-77.
[23]高吉喜.可持续发展理论探索:生态承载力的理论、方法与应用[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001:8-23.
[24]唐海萍,陈姣,薛海丽.生态阈值:概念、方法与研究展望[J].植物生态学报,2015(9):932-940.
[25]欧阳志云,郑华,岳平.建立我国生态补偿机制的思路与措施[J].生态学报,2013(3):686-692.
[26]Lv Y H,Ma Z M,Zhang L W,et al.Redlines for the green of China[J].Environmental Science&Policy,2013,33:346-353.
[27]任慧瑶.我国环境管理体制问题研究[J].北方经贸,2013(1):12-13.