国内外海洋生态管理评估方法对海洋生态保护红线制度的借鉴
|
摘要
本文综合分析了国际上对海洋保护区(地)的管理评估指标体系和我国已有的海洋生态管理评估方法,比较了各自的特点和优劣,提取了对海洋生态保护红线管理评估的借鉴之处,建议设置生物与物理、社会、管理三大类指标及具体的指标体系,并设置约束性指标。
Chinese and international evaluating methods of management effectiveness of marine protected areas were compared in this paper. Their merits and shortcomings were analyzed. Based on the characteristics of marine ecologically protected red lines,and fully acknowledged the useful aspects of the methods mentioned above,three kinds of indicators including biophysical,social and governance indicators were suggested for evaluating management effectiveness of marine ecologically protected red line areas. Furthermore,some indicators were found necessarily to be set as obligatory ones.
Chinese and international evaluating methods of management effectiveness of marine protected areas were compared in this paper. Their merits and shortcomings were analyzed. Based on the characteristics of marine ecologically protected red lines,and fully acknowledged the useful aspects of the methods mentioned above,three kinds of indicators including biophysical,social and governance indicators were suggested for evaluating management effectiveness of marine ecologically protected red line areas. Furthermore,some indicators were found necessarily to be set as obligatory ones.
引文
[1]林勇,樊景凤,温泉,等.生态红线划分的理论和技术[J].生态学报,2016,36(5):1244-1252.
[2]高吉喜,邹长新,陈圣宾.论生态红线的概念、内涵与类型划分[J].中国生态文明,2013(1):46-48.
[3]李干杰.“生态保护红线”---确保国家生态安全的生命线[J].求是,2014(2):44-46.
[4]徐德琳,邹长新,徐梦佳,等.基于生态保护红线的生态安全格局构建[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):740-746.
[5]KUKKALAA S,MOILANEN A.Core concepts of spatial prioritisation in systematic conservation planning[J].Biological Reviews,2013,88:443-464.
[6]高吉喜,邹长新,郑好.推进生态保护红线落地保障生态文明制度建设[J].环境保护,2015,43(11):26-29.
[7]高吉喜.探索我国生态保护红线划定与监管[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):705-707.
[8]曾江宁,陈全震,黄伟,等.中国海洋生态保护制度的转型发展-从海洋保护区走向海洋生态红线区[J].生态学报,2016,36(1):1-10.
[9]高吉喜,鞠昌华,邹长新.构建严格的生态保护红线管控制度体系[J].中国环境管理,2017,9(1):14-17.
[10]高吉喜.生态保护红线:为绿色发展架起环保高压线-加快“三个落实”建立生态保护红线制度[J].环境保护,2016(8):17-21.
[11]曹明德.生态红线责任制度探析-以政治责任和法律责任为视角[J].新疆师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2014,35(6):71-78.
[12]范小杉,张强,刘煜杰.生态红线管控绩效考核技术方案及制度保障研究[J].中国环境管理,2014,6(4):18-23.
[13]CROWDER L B,OSHERENKO G,YOUNG O R,et al.Resolving mismatches in U.S.ocean governance[J].Science,2006,313(5787):617-618.
[14]POMEROY R S,PARKS J E,WATSON L M.How is your MPAdoing?A guidebook of natural and social indicators for evaluating marine protected area management effectiveness[M].Gland,Switzerland,Cambridge,UK:IUCN,2004.
[15]刘冬,林乃峰,邹长新,等.国外生态保护地体系对我国生态保护红线划定与管理的启示[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):708-715.
[16]AGARDY M T.Advances in marine conservation:the role of marine protected areas[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1994,9(7):267-270.
[17]KELLEHER G,KENCHINGTON R.Guidelines for establishing marine protected areas[M].Gland,Switzerland:International U-nion for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources,1991.
[18]FLOURNOY P H.Marine Protected Areas:tools for sustaining ocean ecosystems[J].Journal of International Wildlife Law&Policy,2003,6(1-2):137-142.
[19]DAY J C.Marine park management and monitoring-lessons for adaptive management from the great barrier reef[C]//Managing Protected Areas in a Changing World.Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Science and Management of Protected Areas.Waterloo,Wolfville,Canada:Science&Management of Protected Areas Assoc.,2002.
[20]BROWN K,ADGER W N,TOMPKINS E,et al.Trade-off analysis for marine protected area management[J].Ecological E-conomics,2001,37(3):417-434.
[21]SOBEL J,DAHLGREN C.Marine Reserves:A Guide to Science,Design,and Use[M].Washington DC:Island Press,2004.
[22]ROBERTS C M.Selecting marine reserve locations:optimality versus opportunism[J].Bulletin of Marine Science,2000,66(3):581-592.
[23]李双建,杨潇,王金坑.海洋生态保护红线制度框架设计研究[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(2):306-310.
[24]SHACKEROFF J M,HAZEN E L,CROWDER L B.The oceans as peopled seascapes[M]//MCLEOD K L,LESLIE H M.Ecosystem-Based Management for the Oceans.Washington,DC:Island Press,2009.
[25]JONES P J S.Marine protected area strategies:issues,divergences and the search for middleground[J].Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,2001,11(3):197-216.
[2]高吉喜,邹长新,陈圣宾.论生态红线的概念、内涵与类型划分[J].中国生态文明,2013(1):46-48.
[3]李干杰.“生态保护红线”---确保国家生态安全的生命线[J].求是,2014(2):44-46.
[4]徐德琳,邹长新,徐梦佳,等.基于生态保护红线的生态安全格局构建[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):740-746.
[5]KUKKALAA S,MOILANEN A.Core concepts of spatial prioritisation in systematic conservation planning[J].Biological Reviews,2013,88:443-464.
[6]高吉喜,邹长新,郑好.推进生态保护红线落地保障生态文明制度建设[J].环境保护,2015,43(11):26-29.
[7]高吉喜.探索我国生态保护红线划定与监管[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):705-707.
[8]曾江宁,陈全震,黄伟,等.中国海洋生态保护制度的转型发展-从海洋保护区走向海洋生态红线区[J].生态学报,2016,36(1):1-10.
[9]高吉喜,鞠昌华,邹长新.构建严格的生态保护红线管控制度体系[J].中国环境管理,2017,9(1):14-17.
[10]高吉喜.生态保护红线:为绿色发展架起环保高压线-加快“三个落实”建立生态保护红线制度[J].环境保护,2016(8):17-21.
[11]曹明德.生态红线责任制度探析-以政治责任和法律责任为视角[J].新疆师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2014,35(6):71-78.
[12]范小杉,张强,刘煜杰.生态红线管控绩效考核技术方案及制度保障研究[J].中国环境管理,2014,6(4):18-23.
[13]CROWDER L B,OSHERENKO G,YOUNG O R,et al.Resolving mismatches in U.S.ocean governance[J].Science,2006,313(5787):617-618.
[14]POMEROY R S,PARKS J E,WATSON L M.How is your MPAdoing?A guidebook of natural and social indicators for evaluating marine protected area management effectiveness[M].Gland,Switzerland,Cambridge,UK:IUCN,2004.
[15]刘冬,林乃峰,邹长新,等.国外生态保护地体系对我国生态保护红线划定与管理的启示[J].生物多样性,2015,23(6):708-715.
[16]AGARDY M T.Advances in marine conservation:the role of marine protected areas[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1994,9(7):267-270.
[17]KELLEHER G,KENCHINGTON R.Guidelines for establishing marine protected areas[M].Gland,Switzerland:International U-nion for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources,1991.
[18]FLOURNOY P H.Marine Protected Areas:tools for sustaining ocean ecosystems[J].Journal of International Wildlife Law&Policy,2003,6(1-2):137-142.
[19]DAY J C.Marine park management and monitoring-lessons for adaptive management from the great barrier reef[C]//Managing Protected Areas in a Changing World.Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Science and Management of Protected Areas.Waterloo,Wolfville,Canada:Science&Management of Protected Areas Assoc.,2002.
[20]BROWN K,ADGER W N,TOMPKINS E,et al.Trade-off analysis for marine protected area management[J].Ecological E-conomics,2001,37(3):417-434.
[21]SOBEL J,DAHLGREN C.Marine Reserves:A Guide to Science,Design,and Use[M].Washington DC:Island Press,2004.
[22]ROBERTS C M.Selecting marine reserve locations:optimality versus opportunism[J].Bulletin of Marine Science,2000,66(3):581-592.
[23]李双建,杨潇,王金坑.海洋生态保护红线制度框架设计研究[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(2):306-310.
[24]SHACKEROFF J M,HAZEN E L,CROWDER L B.The oceans as peopled seascapes[M]//MCLEOD K L,LESLIE H M.Ecosystem-Based Management for the Oceans.Washington,DC:Island Press,2009.
[25]JONES P J S.Marine protected area strategies:issues,divergences and the search for middleground[J].Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries,2001,11(3):197-216.