酸性气藏深井产能试井方法
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摘要
针对酸性气藏深井产能试井测试风险大、测试时间短难以达到稳定流动影响测试结果准确性的难题,考虑关井后续流造成的压降,建立了耦合井筒流动与地层渗流的酸性气藏深井产能试井模型,通过Laplace变换和数值反演进行求解,根据压力恢复试井解释结果设计4个生产制度,模拟压力变化直到达到稳定流动,利用稳定流动对应的产量和压力点回归产能方程,形成产能试井新方法。结果表明,渗透率为0.21×10~(-3)μm~2的储层,气井达到稳定流动需要近1 000 h,而采用该方法仅依靠1次压力恢复测试数据,通过模拟4个生产制度下的流动即可求取具有较高精度的气井产能方程和无阻流量。该方法对缩短酸性气藏深井产能试井测试周期,降低复杂事故,提高产能试井的准确性具有重要作用。
Deliverability test for deep wells in sour gas reservoir involves high risks and short duration,making it impossible to realize steady flow,which finally impedes the accuracy of test result. With consideration to pressure drops induced by continuous flows after shut-in,a deliverability test model coupled with wellbore flow and formation seepage was built for deep wells in sour gas reservoirs. This model was solved using the Laplace transform and numerical inversion. According to the interpretation results for build-up well test,four production systems were developed to simulate pressure changes till reaching the steady flow. Then,production and pressure points corresponding with the steady flow were used for regression of deliverability equation to generate a new deliverability test method. A gas well in reservoir with permeability of 0.21×10~(-3)μm~2 may take almost 1 000 h to reach steady flow; however,by using the new method,high-accuracy deliverability equation and open-flow capacity of the gas well can be obtained by using only the data of one build-up test and through simulating the flows in four production systems. The new method is of great importance to minimize the time required for deliverability test for deep wells in sour gas reservoirs,reduce the complexities and enhance the accuracy of deliverability test.
Deliverability test for deep wells in sour gas reservoir involves high risks and short duration,making it impossible to realize steady flow,which finally impedes the accuracy of test result. With consideration to pressure drops induced by continuous flows after shut-in,a deliverability test model coupled with wellbore flow and formation seepage was built for deep wells in sour gas reservoirs. This model was solved using the Laplace transform and numerical inversion. According to the interpretation results for build-up well test,four production systems were developed to simulate pressure changes till reaching the steady flow. Then,production and pressure points corresponding with the steady flow were used for regression of deliverability equation to generate a new deliverability test method. A gas well in reservoir with permeability of 0.21×10~(-3)μm~2 may take almost 1 000 h to reach steady flow; however,by using the new method,high-accuracy deliverability equation and open-flow capacity of the gas well can be obtained by using only the data of one build-up test and through simulating the flows in four production systems. The new method is of great importance to minimize the time required for deliverability test for deep wells in sour gas reservoirs,reduce the complexities and enhance the accuracy of deliverability test.
引文
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[13]黄德明,付德奎,刘欣,等.一种新的“改进一点法“在普光气田产能预测中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2012,(16):19-20.HUANG Deming,FU Dekui,LIU Xin et al.Application of new“improved single point method”for productivity forecast in Puguang gas field[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2012,(16):19-20.
[14]孙金朝.YB27井酸性气藏系统试气技术应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(4):59-63.SUN Jinchao.Application of systematic well testing in sour gas reservoir of YB27[J].Well Testing,2012,21(4):59-63.
[15]董海峰,杨顺艳,盛伟.元坝超深含硫气井产能试井工艺技术[J].油气井测试,2012,21(1):42-44.DONG Haifeng,YANG Shunyan,SHENG Wei.Deliverability test technology for Yuanba super deep sour gas wells[J].Well Testing,2012,21(1):42-44.
[16]张烈辉,李成勇,刘启国,等.高含硫气藏气井产能试井解释理论[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):86-88.ZHANG Liehui,LI Chengyong,LIU Qiguo et al.Interpretating theory of gas well productivity test for high-sulfur gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(4):86-88.
[17]陈忠,沈金才,王倩雯.“一点法”在建南气田飞三气藏的应用与改进[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2012,25(5):41-42.CHEN Zhong,SHEN Jincai,WANG Qianwen.On the Application and modification of“one point method”in Feisan gas reservoir of Jiannan gas field[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum University of Staff and Workers,2012,25(5):41-42.
[18]陈明.普光气田套管变形原因分析及技术对策[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(6):110-112.CHEN Ming.Casing deformation analysis and countermeasures of Puguang gas field[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(6):110-112.
[19]陈琛,曹阳.元坝气田超深高含硫水平井测试投产一体化技术[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(1):129-131,138.CHEN Chen,CAO Yang.Integration of well test and production for Yuanba super deep sour gas horizontal wells[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2013,20(1):129-131,138.
[20]AL-HUSSAINY R,RAMEY H J,CRAWFORD P B.The flow of real gases through porous media[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1966,18(5):624-636.
[21]郑爱维,李继庆,卢文涛,等.涪陵页岩气田分段压裂水平井非稳态产能评价方法[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):22-30.ZHENG Aiwei,LI Jiqing,LU Wentao et al.Unsteady productivity evaluation method of multi-stage fractured horizontal well for shale gas in Fuling shale gas field[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):22-30.
[2]孙玉平,陆家亮,万玉金,等.法国拉克、麦隆气田对安岳气田龙王庙组气藏开发的启示[J].天然气工业,2016,36(11):37-45.SUN Yuping,LU Jialiang,WAN Yujin et al.Enlightenments of Lacq and Meillon gas fields in France to the development of Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoirs in the Anyue gas field,Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(11):37-45.
[3]BORGES F A,FELIX M,BEZERRA C.Well testing design under harsh environment[C].Paper SPE-21142-MS presented at the SPE Latin America Petroleum Engineering Conference held in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil,14-19October,1990.
[4]AL-SALALI Y Z,AL-BADER H,DUGGIRALA V S et al.Challenges in testing and completion of highly sour HPHTreservoir in the State of Kuwait[C].Paper SPE-167647-MS presented at the SPE Kuwait Oil and Gas Show and Conference held in Kuwait City,Kuwait,8-10October,2013.
[5]AKBAR D,SIMANJUNTAK T,KRISTIANAWATIE N.The successful planning and implementation of high angle deviated HPHT well testing in the sour naturally fractured gas reservoir:case study of S-3 well[C].Paper SPE-146978-MS presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition held in Jakarta,Indonesia,20-22 September,2011.
[6]HOLLAENDER F,SALSMAN A,NEYAEI F A et al.Multi-zone well testing with down-hole tools in extreme sour-gas conditions[C].Paper SPE-149089-MS presented at the SPE/DGS Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition held in Al-Khobar,Saudi Arabia,15-18 May,2011.
[7]彭鑫岭,曾大乾,张世民,等.普光气田高含硫化氢气井开发测井工艺优选与应用[J].天然气工业,2012,32(11):32-35.PENG Xinling,ZENG Daqian,ZHANG Shimin et al.Optimization and application of logging technology in the development of sour gas wells in the Puguang gas field,Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(11):32-35.
[10]王军民,张公社,陆小锋,等.三项式产能方程在普光气田的应用[J].天然气技术与经济,2012,6(2):36-37.WANG Junmin,ZHANG Gongshe,LU Xiaofeng et al.Application of trinomial deliverability equation to Puguang gas field[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2012,6(2):36-37.
[11]李明志,聂仕荣,张文昌,等.普光气田P302-2井焚烧炉试气技术[J].中国工程科学,2010,12(10):61-64.LI Mingzhi,NIE Shirong,ZHANG Wenchang et al.Gas testing technology for Puguang P302-2 well[J].Engineering Sciences,2010,12(10):61-64.
[12]姜春河,张庆生,张文昌,等.国产SGI-10型高含硫天然气焚烧炉在普光D401-1井试气中的应用[J].天然气工业,2011,31(7):87-89.JIANG Chunhe,ZHANG Qingsheng,ZHANG Wenchang et al.Application of the China-made SGI-10 incinerator to the gas production test of the well D401-1 in the Puguang gas field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(7):87-89.
[11]鲁宜全.“一点法”在川东北地区试气中的应用[J].油气井测试,2008,17(5):34-36.LU Yiquan.Application of“single point method”gas testing in Chuandongbei area[J].Well Testing,2008,17(5):34-36.
[12]景艳,张士诚,景宁,等.“一点法”在普光气田产能预测中的应用与改进[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(3):264-266.JING Yan,ZHANG Shicheng,JING Ning et al.Application of“single point method”for productivity forecast in Puguang gas field and its improvement[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(3):264-266.
[13]黄德明,付德奎,刘欣,等.一种新的“改进一点法“在普光气田产能预测中的应用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2012,(16):19-20.HUANG Deming,FU Dekui,LIU Xin et al.Application of new“improved single point method”for productivity forecast in Puguang gas field[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2012,(16):19-20.
[14]孙金朝.YB27井酸性气藏系统试气技术应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(4):59-63.SUN Jinchao.Application of systematic well testing in sour gas reservoir of YB27[J].Well Testing,2012,21(4):59-63.
[15]董海峰,杨顺艳,盛伟.元坝超深含硫气井产能试井工艺技术[J].油气井测试,2012,21(1):42-44.DONG Haifeng,YANG Shunyan,SHENG Wei.Deliverability test technology for Yuanba super deep sour gas wells[J].Well Testing,2012,21(1):42-44.
[16]张烈辉,李成勇,刘启国,等.高含硫气藏气井产能试井解释理论[J].天然气工业,2008,28(4):86-88.ZHANG Liehui,LI Chengyong,LIU Qiguo et al.Interpretating theory of gas well productivity test for high-sulfur gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(4):86-88.
[17]陈忠,沈金才,王倩雯.“一点法”在建南气田飞三气藏的应用与改进[J].江汉石油职工大学学报,2012,25(5):41-42.CHEN Zhong,SHEN Jincai,WANG Qianwen.On the Application and modification of“one point method”in Feisan gas reservoir of Jiannan gas field[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum University of Staff and Workers,2012,25(5):41-42.
[18]陈明.普光气田套管变形原因分析及技术对策[J].特种油气藏,2010,17(6):110-112.CHEN Ming.Casing deformation analysis and countermeasures of Puguang gas field[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2010,17(6):110-112.
[19]陈琛,曹阳.元坝气田超深高含硫水平井测试投产一体化技术[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(1):129-131,138.CHEN Chen,CAO Yang.Integration of well test and production for Yuanba super deep sour gas horizontal wells[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2013,20(1):129-131,138.
[20]AL-HUSSAINY R,RAMEY H J,CRAWFORD P B.The flow of real gases through porous media[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1966,18(5):624-636.
[21]郑爱维,李继庆,卢文涛,等.涪陵页岩气田分段压裂水平井非稳态产能评价方法[J].油气井测试,2018,27(1):22-30.ZHENG Aiwei,LI Jiqing,LU Wentao et al.Unsteady productivity evaluation method of multi-stage fractured horizontal well for shale gas in Fuling shale gas field[J].Well Testing,2018,27(1):22-30.