应急服务设施选址优化研究
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摘要
从提高应急服务水平的角度出发,构建应急服务设施选址优化模型.所建立的模型以最大化应急服务设施覆盖总权重和最小化投资建设费用为目标.先采用定性方法找到候选点,然后在规划设施点数目、土地投资费用及服务能力限制下,使用定量方法建立多目标0-1整数规划模型,并使用线性加权和法将多目标问题转化为单目标问题进行求解.使用MATLAB中的BINTPROG函数与遗传算法两种方法对模型进行求解.以泗洪县消防站的选址规划为例,通过两种方法求解结果的对比验证了遗传算法的合理性,并确定准确的消防选址点.研究结果表明采用所提出的优化模型与求解算法能够得到准确的选址点,进而提高应急服务水平.
In order to improve the service level of emergency facilities,a model is proposed to optimize the location of emergency service facilities.The objective functions are to maximize the total coverage of emergency service facilities and minimize land investments and construction costs.Candidates are chosen by qualitative method,and the multi-objective 0-1 integer programming model is built based on quantitative method under the limit of facilities numbers,budgets and service capabilities.Linear weighted sum method is used to convert the multi-objective to a single goal for solving.BINTPROG function and genetic algorithm in MATLAB are used to solve the model.The model and algorithms are applied to optimize the location of Fire Station in Sihong County.The result gets by two algorithms compared to verify the rationality of the genetic algorithm and the accuracy of the location optimization.It is found that the proposed model and algorithms can get rational location,and improve the service level of the emergency facilities.
In order to improve the service level of emergency facilities,a model is proposed to optimize the location of emergency service facilities.The objective functions are to maximize the total coverage of emergency service facilities and minimize land investments and construction costs.Candidates are chosen by qualitative method,and the multi-objective 0-1 integer programming model is built based on quantitative method under the limit of facilities numbers,budgets and service capabilities.Linear weighted sum method is used to convert the multi-objective to a single goal for solving.BINTPROG function and genetic algorithm in MATLAB are used to solve the model.The model and algorithms are applied to optimize the location of Fire Station in Sihong County.The result gets by two algorithms compared to verify the rationality of the genetic algorithm and the accuracy of the location optimization.It is found that the proposed model and algorithms can get rational location,and improve the service level of the emergency facilities.
引文
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[11]钟慧玲,庄楠,张冠湘,等.α-鲁棒的危险品道路运输应急设施选址问题[J].系统工程理论与控制,2013,33(5):1262-1268.
[12]房明民.城市应急服务设施布局评价及优化模型研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011:24-25.
[13]包子阳,余继周.智能优化算法及其MATLAB实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016:10-15.
[2]ROTH R.Computer solutions to minimum-cover problems[J].Operations Research,1969,17(3):455-465.
[3]Toregas C,Swain R,Revelle C,et al.The location of emergency service facility[J].Operations Research,1971,19(6):1363-1373.
[4]MIKOVIC'A1 S,STANIMIROVIC'A Z,GRUJICˇIC'B I.An efficient variable neighborhood search for solving a robust dynamic facility location problem in emergency service network[J].Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics,2015,47:261-268.
[5]AHMADIJAVIDA A,SEYEDIA P,SYAMB S S.A survey of healthcare facility location[J].Computers and Operations Research,2016,79:223-263.
[6]马圆圆,李珍萍.考虑人口因素的公共应急服务设施选址问题研究[J].物流技术,2011,241(10):91-94.
[7]张玉芬,齐红然,刘世普.一类应急服务设施选址问题的模型及算法[J].数学的实践与认识,2009,39(14):37-41.
[8]乔联宝,朱华桂.基于排队模型的β可靠性最大覆盖应急服务车辆选址:模型与算法[J].复旦大学学报(自然科学版),2013,52(2):167-176.
[9]王飞飞,侯云先.复杂地形乡镇地区应急设施选址研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(2):164-167.
[10]张磊,翁迅,陈琨.城市应急服务设施选址规划模型研究[J].物流技术,2010,29(7):89-91.
[11]钟慧玲,庄楠,张冠湘,等.α-鲁棒的危险品道路运输应急设施选址问题[J].系统工程理论与控制,2013,33(5):1262-1268.
[12]房明民.城市应急服务设施布局评价及优化模型研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011:24-25.
[13]包子阳,余继周.智能优化算法及其MATLAB实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016:10-15.