ADCP回波信号在悬浮泥沙测量中的适应性研究
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摘要
选取福建省的湄洲湾、大港湾、东山湾外三个短期测站大、小潮观测数据为样本,利用ADCP现场测得的回波强度计算水体平均体积后散射强度,并建立其与悬浮泥沙浓度的回归关系。根据计算结果,受潮流、潮汐作用强烈的近岸海域,后散射强度与悬浮泥沙间具有良好的相关性,利用回归公式反演的悬沙浓度与实测数据平均相对误差均在20%以内,表明了此种方法在此类海区反演悬浮泥沙含量的可行性;对于随潮流、潮汐作用下悬浮泥沙浓度变化不强烈、水体混合均匀的海域,难以建立后散射强度与悬浮泥沙浓度的良好回归关系,不适宜用此类方法反演悬浮泥沙浓度。此外,为了得到波动范围更大的悬浮泥沙观测数据,应选取更能反映特定地点泥沙变化规律的时间段进行观测,选取的时间序列越长、越具有代表性,建立的回归关系越能反映悬浮泥沙输运特征。
Based on the observation data of three short-term stations in Meizhou Bay,Dagang Bay and outside Dongshan Bay in Fujian Province,the average volume backscatter intensity of water body was calculated by using the echo intensity measured with ADCP.The regression relationship between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment was established.According to the calculation results,The correlation between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment in the coastal waters was good although the tidal current and tidal action are strong in the coastal water.The average relative error between inverted suspended sediment concentration and measured data was less than 20%,indicating that this method of inverting suspended sediment content in such area is feasible.It was difficult to establish a good regression relationship between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment concentration in coastal waters not strongly influenced by tides and with uniformly mixed sediments.This method was not suitable for such coastal water.In addition,in order to obtain the observation data of suspended sediment whose fluctuation range was larger,the time period which can better reflect the variation of sediment should be selected for observation.The established regression relationship better refected the characteristics of suspended sediment transport,when longer and more representative time series were selected.
Based on the observation data of three short-term stations in Meizhou Bay,Dagang Bay and outside Dongshan Bay in Fujian Province,the average volume backscatter intensity of water body was calculated by using the echo intensity measured with ADCP.The regression relationship between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment was established.According to the calculation results,The correlation between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment in the coastal waters was good although the tidal current and tidal action are strong in the coastal water.The average relative error between inverted suspended sediment concentration and measured data was less than 20%,indicating that this method of inverting suspended sediment content in such area is feasible.It was difficult to establish a good regression relationship between backscatter intensity and suspended sediment concentration in coastal waters not strongly influenced by tides and with uniformly mixed sediments.This method was not suitable for such coastal water.In addition,in order to obtain the observation data of suspended sediment whose fluctuation range was larger,the time period which can better reflect the variation of sediment should be selected for observation.The established regression relationship better refected the characteristics of suspended sediment transport,when longer and more representative time series were selected.
引文
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[2]蒋建平,李树明.ADCP在泥沙扩散测验中的应用[J].南京:水利水文自动化,2005,(3:38-40).
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[10]张志林,邓乾焕,朱巧云,等.基于ADCP反向散射强度估算悬沙浓度在洋山港的应用研究[J].北京:水文,2011,31(2):62-68.
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[12]原野,赵亮,魏皓,等.利用ADCP和LISST-100仪观测悬浮物浓度的研究[J].青岛:海洋学报,2008,30(3):48-55.
[13]汪亚平,高抒,李坤业.用ADCP进行走航式悬沙浓度测量的初步研究[J].青岛:海洋与湖沼,1999,30(6):759-763.
[14]兰志刚,龚德俊,李思忍,等.ADCP对悬浮沉积物浓度的测量及其误差分析研究[J].青岛:海洋科学,2004,28(10):20-23.
[15]英晓明,丁平兴,胡克林,等.基于ADCP和OBS观测的洋山港关键断面水沙通量研究[J].南京:泥沙研究.2010,(2):22-30.
[16] V.Defendi a,V.Kovacevicb,F.Arenab,L.Zaggia.Estimating sediment transport from acoustic measurements in the Venice Lagoon inlets[J].Kidlington:Continental Shelf Research,2010,30:883-893.
[17] K.D.Sabinin,A.N.Serebryanyi.Results of using acoustic doppler current profilers for studying the spatial structure of the marine environment[J].New York:Acoustical Physics,2012,58(5):586-595.
[18]张文祥,罗向欣,杨世伦.ADP与OBS观测悬沙浓度实验对比研究[J].南京:泥沙研究,2010,(5):59-65.
[19]杨慧丽,罗慧先,于奭.利用ADCP回波强度估算河流悬移质含沙量的应用研究[J].北京:水利水电技术,2017,48(1):106-110.
[20]陈斌,黄海军.莱州湾西南岸海域悬浮泥沙与沉积物粒度分布特征[J].天津:海洋通报,2014,33(4):436-443.
[21]杨红,阎莉,王春峰,等.夏、冬季苏北近岸海域悬沙浓度垂直分布特征[J].上海:上海海洋大学学报,2015,24(4):571-578.
[22] Glenn P H,Tho rne P D,Flatt D,et al.Comparison betweenADCP and transmissometer measurements of suspendedsediment concentration[J].Kidlington:Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:421-441.
[23] Hoitink A J F,Hoekstra P.Observations of suspended sediment from ADCP and OBS measurements in a muddominated environment[J].Amsterdam:Coastal Engineering,2005,52:103-118.
[2]蒋建平,李树明.ADCP在泥沙扩散测验中的应用[J].南京:水利水文自动化,2005,(3:38-40).
[3]吴加学,张叔英,任来法.长江口北槽抛泥流速与悬沙浓度时空分布观测[J].青岛:海洋学报,2003,25(4):91-103.
[4]邓伟铸,吴加学,刘欢,等.基于ADV声学泥沙反演与扩散机制分析[J].青岛:海洋学报,2014,36(7):57-69.
[5]张叔英,钱炳兴.高浓度悬浮泥沙的声学观测[J].青岛:海洋学报,2003,25(6):54-60.
[6]李佳,沈焕庭,谢小平.应用ADCP探测长江口区泥沙浓度的实验研究[J].天津:海洋通报,2004,23(6):71-76.
[7] Deines K L.Backscattere stimation using Broadband acoustic Doppler current profilers[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE Sixth Working Conference.San Diego,USA:IEEE,1999:249-253.
[8]程鹏,高抒.ADCP测量悬沙浓度的可行性分析与现场标定[J].青岛:海洋与湖沼,2001,32(2):168-176.
[9]高建华,汪亚平,王爱军.ADCP在长江口悬沙输运观测中的应用[J].北京:地理研究,2004,23(4):455-462.
[10]张志林,邓乾焕,朱巧云,等.基于ADCP反向散射强度估算悬沙浓度在洋山港的应用研究[J].北京:水文,2011,31(2):62-68.
[11]郑祥靖,潘伟然,张国荣,等.厦门湾悬沙分布特征与动力分析[J].厦门:厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2013,52(4):539-544.
[12]原野,赵亮,魏皓,等.利用ADCP和LISST-100仪观测悬浮物浓度的研究[J].青岛:海洋学报,2008,30(3):48-55.
[13]汪亚平,高抒,李坤业.用ADCP进行走航式悬沙浓度测量的初步研究[J].青岛:海洋与湖沼,1999,30(6):759-763.
[14]兰志刚,龚德俊,李思忍,等.ADCP对悬浮沉积物浓度的测量及其误差分析研究[J].青岛:海洋科学,2004,28(10):20-23.
[15]英晓明,丁平兴,胡克林,等.基于ADCP和OBS观测的洋山港关键断面水沙通量研究[J].南京:泥沙研究.2010,(2):22-30.
[16] V.Defendi a,V.Kovacevicb,F.Arenab,L.Zaggia.Estimating sediment transport from acoustic measurements in the Venice Lagoon inlets[J].Kidlington:Continental Shelf Research,2010,30:883-893.
[17] K.D.Sabinin,A.N.Serebryanyi.Results of using acoustic doppler current profilers for studying the spatial structure of the marine environment[J].New York:Acoustical Physics,2012,58(5):586-595.
[18]张文祥,罗向欣,杨世伦.ADP与OBS观测悬沙浓度实验对比研究[J].南京:泥沙研究,2010,(5):59-65.
[19]杨慧丽,罗慧先,于奭.利用ADCP回波强度估算河流悬移质含沙量的应用研究[J].北京:水利水电技术,2017,48(1):106-110.
[20]陈斌,黄海军.莱州湾西南岸海域悬浮泥沙与沉积物粒度分布特征[J].天津:海洋通报,2014,33(4):436-443.
[21]杨红,阎莉,王春峰,等.夏、冬季苏北近岸海域悬沙浓度垂直分布特征[J].上海:上海海洋大学学报,2015,24(4):571-578.
[22] Glenn P H,Tho rne P D,Flatt D,et al.Comparison betweenADCP and transmissometer measurements of suspendedsediment concentration[J].Kidlington:Continental Shelf Research,1999,19:421-441.
[23] Hoitink A J F,Hoekstra P.Observations of suspended sediment from ADCP and OBS measurements in a muddominated environment[J].Amsterdam:Coastal Engineering,2005,52:103-118.