改性秸秆制备固定化微生物及对钻井泥浆的处理
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摘要
将小麦秸秆改性后制备改性秸秆固定化微生物,用于处理钻井泥浆。考察了改性时间、改性剂浓度、改性剂配比对秸秆吸附微生物效果的影响,以及改性秸秆固定化微生物对钻井泥浆的处理效果。实验结果表明:在改性时间为60 min、氢氧化钠溶液浓度为0.1 mol/L、过氧化氢溶液浓度为1.0 mol/L、氢氧化钠溶液与过氧化氢溶液体积比为3∶1的最佳改性条件下,改性秸秆的BET比表面积增大了36.27%,Langmuir比表面积增加了37.63%,微生物吸附量增加了200.77%;在钻井泥浆处理量为1 000 g、改性秸秆固定化微生物加入量为2 g、土壤加入量为1 000 g、处理时间为15 d的条件下,钻井泥浆COD、可溶性盐、石油烃的去除率分别为84.9%,71.6%,90.1%。
Wheat straw was modified to prepare immobilized microorganism for treatment of drilling mud. The factors affecting adsorption of microorganisms on the modified straw were studied,such as modification time,modifier concentration and modifier ratio. The treatment effects of drilling mud by the modified-straw-immobilized microorganisms were investigated. The experimental results showed that:Under the optimum modification conditions of modification time 60 min,concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 mol/L,concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution 1.0 mol/L and the volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution to hydrogen peroxide solution 3∶1,the BET and Langmuir specific surface area of the modified-straw increased by 36.27% and 37.63% respectively,and the adsorption capacity of microorganisms on the modified-straw increased by 200.77%;When the drilling mud amount was 1000 g,the immobilized microorganisms amount was 2 g,the soil amount was 1000 g and the treatment time was 15 d,the removal rate of COD,soluble salt and petroleum hydrocarbons in the drilling mud was 84.9%,71.6% and 90.1%respectively.
Wheat straw was modified to prepare immobilized microorganism for treatment of drilling mud. The factors affecting adsorption of microorganisms on the modified straw were studied,such as modification time,modifier concentration and modifier ratio. The treatment effects of drilling mud by the modified-straw-immobilized microorganisms were investigated. The experimental results showed that:Under the optimum modification conditions of modification time 60 min,concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 mol/L,concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution 1.0 mol/L and the volume ratio of sodium hydroxide solution to hydrogen peroxide solution 3∶1,the BET and Langmuir specific surface area of the modified-straw increased by 36.27% and 37.63% respectively,and the adsorption capacity of microorganisms on the modified-straw increased by 200.77%;When the drilling mud amount was 1000 g,the immobilized microorganisms amount was 2 g,the soil amount was 1000 g and the treatment time was 15 d,the removal rate of COD,soluble salt and petroleum hydrocarbons in the drilling mud was 84.9%,71.6% and 90.1%respectively.
引文
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[2]穆若郡,庞杰,王敏,等.魔芋葡甘聚糖气凝胶对海洋污染降解菌的吸附固定化[J].热带生物学报,2016,7(2):164-166.
[3]童乐,何丽媛,郭楚玲,等.以农作物秸秆固定化混合菌去除原油[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(5):2707-2713.
[4]ZHAO Y,ZHENG Y,TIAN W,et al.Enrichment and immobilization of sulfide removal microbiota applied for environmental biological remediation of aquaculture area[J].Environ Pollut,2016,214:307-313.
[5]薛建良,刘志秀,吴亚男,等.海洋石油降解菌不同固定化方法的研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(32):162-168.
[6]LIN J,GAN L,CHEN Z,et al.Biodegradation of tetradecane using Acinetobacter venetianus immobilized on bagasse[J].Biochem Eng J,2015,100:76-82.
[7]郭平,林建国,牛宇驰,等.海洋石油烃降解菌的降解性能与固定化研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(27):127-131.
[8]MA Z W,MAO Z W,GAO C Y.Surface modification and property analysis of biomedical polymers used for tissue engineering[J].Colloids Surf,B,2007,60(2):137-157.
[9]周珊,陈斌,王佳莹.改性竹炭对氨氮的吸附性能研究[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2007,33(5):584-590.
[10]黄伟,贾艳秋,孙盛凯.活性炭及其改性研究进展[J].化学工业与工程技术,2006,27(5):39-43.
[11]吕佳青,毕衍金,严希希,等.稀硫酸水解预处理对麦草制浆备料废渣酶水解糖化的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(4):137-142.
[12]刘耀源,邹长武,李晓芬,等.玉米秸秆活性炭制备与Na OH改性对甲醛吸附的影响[J].炭素技术,2014,33(3):6-9.
[13]武金装,刘红玉,曾光明,等.柴油降解菌的筛选及其降解特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(5):1712-1715.
[14]SOO J P,SUNG Y J.Effect of ozone treatment on ammonia removal of activated carbon[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2005,286(1):417-419.
[15]国家环境保护局标准处.水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法:GB 11914—1989[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1990.
[16]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.
[17]李海江,阚晓伟,姜子闻,等.秸秆材料的改性及其在水处理中的应用研究[J].高分子通报,2011(2):21-29.
[18]汪昆平,徐乾前.几种不同处理方法对活性炭表面化学性质的影响[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(2):373-380.
[19]魏云霞,李斌,李彦锋,等.PVA大孔载体固定化微生物SBBR脱氮[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(6):43-47.
[20]周林成,李彦锋,侯英凤,等.大孔载体固定化微生物处理污水研究[J].离子交换与吸附,2007,23(6):531-539.
[21]李辉勇.稻草秸秆的碱法氧化预处理方法研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.
[22]谢红梅,贺毅,许尊炼,等.农业有机废弃物对废水中Cr6+吸附效果的研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2010,25(2):178-182.
[23]王建龙.生物固定化技术与水污染控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.