pH对日本囊对虾的急性毒性初步研究
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摘要
采用静水试验方法,研究低pH对日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)的急性毒性。试验用日本囊对虾平均体长(48. 87±4. 81) mm,设定pH梯度为3. 8、4. 1、4. 4、4. 7、5. 0,对照组pH为8. 0±0. 1,统计日本囊对虾在低pH胁迫下的死亡率,分析pH对日本囊对虾的半致死摩尔浓度(LC50)和半致死时间(LT50)。结果显示:在相同pH下,日本囊对虾的死亡率随时间延长而增加;在相同的胁迫时间内,日本囊对虾死亡情况与水体pH呈负相关(R <0,P <0. 01); pH对日本囊对虾胁迫48 h、72 h、96 h的半致死摩尔浓度(LC50)分别为:7. 907×10~(-5)、5. 140×10~(-5)和3. 673×10~(-5)mol/L,安全摩尔浓度(SC)为3. 673×10-6mol/L,对应的pH分别为4. 102、4. 289、4. 435、5. 435;水体pH 4. 1、pH 4. 4、pH 4. 7胁迫日本囊对虾的半致死时间(LT50)分别为58. 821、93. 771和139. 549 h。本研究可为研究日本囊对虾的养殖、对低pH的耐受性及耐低pH品系选育提供参考。
Acute toxicity of low pH to Marsupenaeus japonicus was studied by hydrostatic experiment. We selected Marsupenaeus japonicus with an average length of( 48. 87 ± 4. 81) mm as experimental subjects,and set pH gradient as Marsupenaeus japonicus 3. 8,4. 1,4. 4,4. 7,5. 0 and pH of control group as 8. 0 ± 0. 1 to investigate the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus under low pH stress and analyze the semi-lethal concentration( LC50) and semi-lethal time( LT50) of Marsupenaeus japonicus under pH stress. The results showed that: the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus increased with time under the same pH. There was a negative correlation between the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus and the pH in water( R < 0,P < 0. 01) at the same stress time.The LC50 of Marsupenaeus japonicus under stress of 48 h,72 h,96 h with pH was 7. 907 × 10~(-5),5. 140 ×10~(-5) and 3. 673 × 10~(-5) mol/L,and safe concentration( SC) was 3. 673 × 10-6 mol/L,corresponding pH was 4. 102,4. 289,4. 435 and 5. 435 respectively. The LT50 of Marsupenaeus japonicus under water pH = 4. 1,4. 4,4. 7 was58. 821,93. 771,139. 549 h respectively. This study provided a basis for studying the breeding of Marsupenaeus japonicus,the tolerance to low pH and the selection of low pH resistant strains.
Acute toxicity of low pH to Marsupenaeus japonicus was studied by hydrostatic experiment. We selected Marsupenaeus japonicus with an average length of( 48. 87 ± 4. 81) mm as experimental subjects,and set pH gradient as Marsupenaeus japonicus 3. 8,4. 1,4. 4,4. 7,5. 0 and pH of control group as 8. 0 ± 0. 1 to investigate the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus under low pH stress and analyze the semi-lethal concentration( LC50) and semi-lethal time( LT50) of Marsupenaeus japonicus under pH stress. The results showed that: the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus increased with time under the same pH. There was a negative correlation between the mortality of Marsupenaeus japonicus and the pH in water( R < 0,P < 0. 01) at the same stress time.The LC50 of Marsupenaeus japonicus under stress of 48 h,72 h,96 h with pH was 7. 907 × 10~(-5),5. 140 ×10~(-5) and 3. 673 × 10~(-5) mol/L,and safe concentration( SC) was 3. 673 × 10-6 mol/L,corresponding pH was 4. 102,4. 289,4. 435 and 5. 435 respectively. The LT50 of Marsupenaeus japonicus under water pH = 4. 1,4. 4,4. 7 was58. 821,93. 771,139. 549 h respectively. This study provided a basis for studying the breeding of Marsupenaeus japonicus,the tolerance to low pH and the selection of low pH resistant strains.
引文
[1]李义军,李婷,王平,等.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)3个野生种群和1个养殖种群的形态差异与判别分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2010,41(4):500-504.
[2]王志铮,张晓霞,任夙艺,等.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)秋繁同生群仔虾不同耐寒性能群体间的形态表型差异[J].海洋与湖沼,2018,49(1):142-150.
[3]王志铮,朱海军,任夙艺,等.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)秋繁仔虾形态表型与抗流性能间的相关性[J].海洋与湖沼,2016,47(2):360-368.
[4]段亚飞,董宏标,王芸,等.干露胁迫对日本囊对虾呼吸代谢酶活性和RNA/DNA比值的影响[J].海洋渔业,2016,38(1):42-50.
[5]韩琳,王秀华,杨冰,等.一例日本囊对虾暴发性死亡的病原分析[J].水产学报,2018,42(3):431-441.
[6]郑静静,刘建勇,蒋湘,等.日本囊对虾早期生长性状遗传参数估计[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(4):710-717.
[7]赵先银. pH胁迫对三种养殖对虾生理生化指标的影响[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2011.
[8]王芸,李健,李吉涛,等. pH胁迫对中国明对虾抗氧化系统酶活力及基因表达的影响[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(3):556-564.
[9]陶易凡,强俊,王辉,等.低pH胁迫对克氏原螯虾鳃和肝胰腺酶活力及组织结构的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(6):1279-1289.
[10]李文祥,谢骏,宋锐,等.水体p H胁迫对异育银鲫皮质醇激素和非特异性免疫的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(2):256-261.
[11]陶易凡,强俊,王辉,等.高pH胁迫对克氏原螯虾的急性毒性和鳃、肝胰腺中酶活性及组织结构的影响[J].水产学报,2016,40(11):1694-1704.
[12]王芸,李健,张喆,等. pH、氨氮胁迫对中国对虾HSP90基因表达的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2013,34(5):43-50.
[13]顾顺樟,洪美玲,陈立侨,等.不同p H下硫化物胁迫对中华绒螯蟹亲体卵巢发育的影响[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(4):684-689.
[14]WANG W N,WANG A L,CHEN L,et al. Effects of p H onsurvival,phosphorus concentration,adenylate energy charge andNa+-K+ATPase activities of Penaeus chinensis Osbeckjuveniles.[J]. Aquatic Toxicology,2002,60(1):75-83.
[15]付监贵,张磊磊,徐乐,等. pH对日本沼虾存活及肝功能相关酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(5):100-104.
[16]WANG W N,ZHOU J,WANG P,et al. Oxidative stress,DNAdamage and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the Pacificwhite shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei when exposed to acute p Hstress[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol C:Toxicol Pharmacol,2009,150(4):428-435.
[17]潘鲁青,姜令绪.盐度、pH突变对2种养殖对虾免疫力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2002,32(6):903-910.
[18]LI C C,CHEN J C. The immune response of white shrimpLitopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticusunder low and high p H stress[J]. Fish Shellfish Immunol,2008,25(6):701-709.
[19]赵先银,李健,李吉涛,等. pH胁迫对日本对虾非特异性免疫因子及RNA/DNA比值的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2011,32(1):60-66.
[20]孙汉,李义,王玥,等. p H胁迫对中华绒螯蟹5种非特异性免疫指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(4):70-74.
[21]潘鲁青,姜令绪.盐度、p H突变对2种养殖对虾免疫力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2002,32(6):903-910.
[22]杨富亿,李秀军,杨欣乔.日本沼虾幼虾对碱度和pH的适应性[J].动物学杂志,2005,40(6):74-79.
[23]么宗利,王慧,周凯,等.碳酸盐碱度和p H值对凡纳滨对虾仔虾存活率的影响[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(5):945-950.
[24]邓希海.养殖水体中p H值的作用及调节[J].河北渔业,2008(2):4-6.
[25]于天基,李健,李吉涛,等. p H胁迫对脊尾白虾抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].海洋科学,2015,39(5):47-53.
[26]FURTADO P S,FUGIMURA M M S,MONSERRAT J M,etal. Acute effects of extreme p H and its influences on the survivaland biochemical biomarkers of juvenile white shrimp,Litopenaeusvannamei[J]. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour andPhysiology,2015,48(6):417-429.
[27]潘鲁青,刘泓宇.甲壳动物渗透调节生理学研究进展[J].水产学报,2005,29(1):109-114.
[28]CACECI T,NECK K F,LEWIS D D H,et al. Ultrastructure ofthe hepatopancreas of the Pacific white shrimp,Penaeusvannamei(Crustacea:Decapoda)[J]. Journal of the MarineBiological Association of the United Kingdom,1988,68(2):323-337.
[2]王志铮,张晓霞,任夙艺,等.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)秋繁同生群仔虾不同耐寒性能群体间的形态表型差异[J].海洋与湖沼,2018,49(1):142-150.
[3]王志铮,朱海军,任夙艺,等.日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeusjaponicus)秋繁仔虾形态表型与抗流性能间的相关性[J].海洋与湖沼,2016,47(2):360-368.
[4]段亚飞,董宏标,王芸,等.干露胁迫对日本囊对虾呼吸代谢酶活性和RNA/DNA比值的影响[J].海洋渔业,2016,38(1):42-50.
[5]韩琳,王秀华,杨冰,等.一例日本囊对虾暴发性死亡的病原分析[J].水产学报,2018,42(3):431-441.
[6]郑静静,刘建勇,蒋湘,等.日本囊对虾早期生长性状遗传参数估计[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(4):710-717.
[7]赵先银. pH胁迫对三种养殖对虾生理生化指标的影响[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2011.
[8]王芸,李健,李吉涛,等. pH胁迫对中国明对虾抗氧化系统酶活力及基因表达的影响[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(3):556-564.
[9]陶易凡,强俊,王辉,等.低pH胁迫对克氏原螯虾鳃和肝胰腺酶活力及组织结构的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(6):1279-1289.
[10]李文祥,谢骏,宋锐,等.水体p H胁迫对异育银鲫皮质醇激素和非特异性免疫的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(2):256-261.
[11]陶易凡,强俊,王辉,等.高pH胁迫对克氏原螯虾的急性毒性和鳃、肝胰腺中酶活性及组织结构的影响[J].水产学报,2016,40(11):1694-1704.
[12]王芸,李健,张喆,等. pH、氨氮胁迫对中国对虾HSP90基因表达的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2013,34(5):43-50.
[13]顾顺樟,洪美玲,陈立侨,等.不同p H下硫化物胁迫对中华绒螯蟹亲体卵巢发育的影响[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(4):684-689.
[14]WANG W N,WANG A L,CHEN L,et al. Effects of p H onsurvival,phosphorus concentration,adenylate energy charge andNa+-K+ATPase activities of Penaeus chinensis Osbeckjuveniles.[J]. Aquatic Toxicology,2002,60(1):75-83.
[15]付监贵,张磊磊,徐乐,等. pH对日本沼虾存活及肝功能相关酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(5):100-104.
[16]WANG W N,ZHOU J,WANG P,et al. Oxidative stress,DNAdamage and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the Pacificwhite shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei when exposed to acute p Hstress[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol C:Toxicol Pharmacol,2009,150(4):428-435.
[17]潘鲁青,姜令绪.盐度、pH突变对2种养殖对虾免疫力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2002,32(6):903-910.
[18]LI C C,CHEN J C. The immune response of white shrimpLitopenaeus vannamei and its susceptibility to Vibrio alginolyticusunder low and high p H stress[J]. Fish Shellfish Immunol,2008,25(6):701-709.
[19]赵先银,李健,李吉涛,等. pH胁迫对日本对虾非特异性免疫因子及RNA/DNA比值的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2011,32(1):60-66.
[20]孙汉,李义,王玥,等. p H胁迫对中华绒螯蟹5种非特异性免疫指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(4):70-74.
[21]潘鲁青,姜令绪.盐度、p H突变对2种养殖对虾免疫力的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2002,32(6):903-910.
[22]杨富亿,李秀军,杨欣乔.日本沼虾幼虾对碱度和pH的适应性[J].动物学杂志,2005,40(6):74-79.
[23]么宗利,王慧,周凯,等.碳酸盐碱度和p H值对凡纳滨对虾仔虾存活率的影响[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(5):945-950.
[24]邓希海.养殖水体中p H值的作用及调节[J].河北渔业,2008(2):4-6.
[25]于天基,李健,李吉涛,等. p H胁迫对脊尾白虾抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].海洋科学,2015,39(5):47-53.
[26]FURTADO P S,FUGIMURA M M S,MONSERRAT J M,etal. Acute effects of extreme p H and its influences on the survivaland biochemical biomarkers of juvenile white shrimp,Litopenaeusvannamei[J]. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour andPhysiology,2015,48(6):417-429.
[27]潘鲁青,刘泓宇.甲壳动物渗透调节生理学研究进展[J].水产学报,2005,29(1):109-114.
[28]CACECI T,NECK K F,LEWIS D D H,et al. Ultrastructure ofthe hepatopancreas of the Pacific white shrimp,Penaeusvannamei(Crustacea:Decapoda)[J]. Journal of the MarineBiological Association of the United Kingdom,1988,68(2):323-337.