基于分形盒维算法的天然地震波初至拾取方法研究
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摘要
基于分形理论,提出了一种地震波初至的拾取方法,根据地震初至波到达前后时间序列的分形特征,采用适当的时间窗口,可以定量地确定初至波的到达时间。数值计算表明,当窗口大小为0.6 s时,计算速度合适,可以保证地震波波至时间的拾取精度,并且在广西地区的宽频带地震流动台网记录的地震数据处理中进行了应用。
Based upon the fractal theory, this study presents a method to pick seismic arrivals. This method can identify the position of the first break according to the variation of fractal box dimension. The before arrival is different from that after the arrival according to the fractal box dimension. Numerical tests indicate that the method can pick the seismic arrivals automatically with a high accuracy when use a 0.6 s time window. Finally, the method is used in the arrival picking for the seismic data acquired in the portable seismic array in Guangxi province.
Based upon the fractal theory, this study presents a method to pick seismic arrivals. This method can identify the position of the first break according to the variation of fractal box dimension. The before arrival is different from that after the arrival according to the fractal box dimension. Numerical tests indicate that the method can pick the seismic arrivals automatically with a high accuracy when use a 0.6 s time window. Finally, the method is used in the arrival picking for the seismic data acquired in the portable seismic array in Guangxi province.
引文
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[15] 李俊峰.双边滤波算法的快速实现及其在图像处理的应用[D].广州:南方医科大学,2013.LI J F.Fast implementation of bilateral filter with application in image processing [D].Guangzhou:Southern Medical University,2013 .(In Chinese)
[2] GELCHINSKY B,SHTIVELMAN V.Automatic picking of first arrivals and parameterization of traveltime curves[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1983,31(6):91-928.
[3] 王继,陈九辉,刘启元,等.流动地震台阵观测初至震相的自动检测[J].地震学报,2006,28(1):42-51.WANG J,CHEN J H,LIU Q Y,et al.Automatic onset phase picking for portable seismic array observation[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2006,28(1):42-51.(In Chinese)
[4] 潘树林,高磊,陈辉,等.可控震源地震记录初至拾取方法研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):209-212.PAN S L,GAO L,CHEN H,et al.Study on methods for picking up first break of seismic record acquired by vibroseis[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis,2010,49(2):209-212.(In Chinese)
[5] MURAT M E,RUDMAN A J.Automated first arrival picking:A Neural Network Approach[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,40(6):587-604.
[6] 王彩霞,白超英,王馨.地震震相初至自动检测技术综述[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(5):2363-2375.WANG C X,BAI C Y,WANG X.Review of automatic onset time picking for seismic arrivals[J].Progress in Geophysics,2013,28(5):2363-2375.(In Chinese)
[7] 肖尔茨,刘祖荫.地球科学中的分形研究[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1991.SCHOLZ C H,LIU Z Y.Special Issue:fractals in geophysics[M].Beijing:China Science and Technology Press,1991.(In Chinese)
[8] 常旭,刘伊克.Hausdorff分数维识别地震道初至走时[J].地球物理学报,1998,41(6):826-832.CHANG X,LIU Y K.Distinguishing seismic first break by means of Hausdorff fractal Dimension[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1998,41(6):826-832.(In Chinese)
[9] 曹茂森,任青文,万林梅,等.Length分形维算法拾取地震波初至[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):509-514.CAO M S,REN Q W,WAN L M,et al.Length fractal dimension method for picking seismic first break[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecring,2004,39(5):509-514.(In Chinese)
[10] 晏俊伟,龙源,唐献述,等.基于分形盒维数的爆破震动信号研究[J].矿冶工程,2007,27(1):13-16.YAN J W,LONG Y,TANG X S,et al.Application of fractal box-counting dimension to analysis of blasting seismic signal[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2007,27(1):13-16.(In Chinese)
[11] BOSCHETTI F.A fractal-based algorithm for detecting first arrivals on seismic traces[J].Geophysics,1996,61(4):1095-1102.
[12] 常旭,刘伊克.地震记录的广义分维及其应用[J].地球物理学报,2002,45(6):839-846.CHANG X,LIU Y K.The generalized fractal dimension of seismic records and its applications [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,45(6):839-846.(In Chinese)
[13] 左国平.地震记录初至拾取方法对比和研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2006.ZUO G P.The contrast and study of first arrivals detecting on seismic record[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2006.(In Chinese)
[14] 李水根.分形[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.LI S Y.Fractal [M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2004.(In Chinese)
[15] 李俊峰.双边滤波算法的快速实现及其在图像处理的应用[D].广州:南方医科大学,2013.LI J F.Fast implementation of bilateral filter with application in image processing [D].Guangzhou:Southern Medical University,2013 .(In Chinese)