技治主义的逻辑及其存在论困境
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摘要
在以必然性为基础的现代社会,人运用科学知识和技术工具极致地拓展了主体生存实践的边界。与此同时,工具理性也深刻影响了社会文化结构及人的生存方式:政治模式完成了从前现代超越性的权威政治到现代功利性的技治主义的跨越。以技治主义为基础,传统社会也完成了向"规训"社会的过渡。在"规训"社会中,人完全被物化异化成为技术管理和支配的客体,辩证存在的主体面临自我否定、自我瓦解的处境。为了克服工具理性的单向度化状况,人在尊重必然性逻辑的前提下亦须积极建构交往理性,重建社会领域的规范性要求,以此为中介改变技术发展的方向,摆脱技治主义发展的存在论困境。
In the modern society which is based on necessity, man has perfectly used scientific knowledge and technological tools to extend the boundary of the subject survival practice. At the same time, instrumental rationality also has profoundly influenced the social cultural structure and the way of living of man: the political model has spanned the jump from transcendental authority politics of pre-modern society to utilitarian technocracy of modern society. Thus, traditional society also become a "discipline" society. In "discipline" society, man have completely been materialized into the object of technology management and domination, dialectical subjects face the existential dilemma of self-denial and self-destruction. To overcome the one-unidirectional situation of tool rationality, man should respect the logical premise of necessity and actively construct communication rationality, reconstruct normative requirements in the social domain. As mediation, it may change the direction of technology development and get rid of the present existentialdilemma.
In the modern society which is based on necessity, man has perfectly used scientific knowledge and technological tools to extend the boundary of the subject survival practice. At the same time, instrumental rationality also has profoundly influenced the social cultural structure and the way of living of man: the political model has spanned the jump from transcendental authority politics of pre-modern society to utilitarian technocracy of modern society. Thus, traditional society also become a "discipline" society. In "discipline" society, man have completely been materialized into the object of technology management and domination, dialectical subjects face the existential dilemma of self-denial and self-destruction. To overcome the one-unidirectional situation of tool rationality, man should respect the logical premise of necessity and actively construct communication rationality, reconstruct normative requirements in the social domain. As mediation, it may change the direction of technology development and get rid of the present existentialdilemma.
引文
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