遮光处理对柴达木盆地黑果枸杞主要活性成分的影响
|
摘要
为了探究光照对黑果枸杞果实中主要活性成分含量的影响情况,从而为光诱导果实内有效活性成分的深层机理的进一步揭示和珍惜资源特异种质的合理利用奠定理论基础,以柴达木盆地自然光照下人工种植的黑果枸杞为对照,在黑果枸杞果实发育的不同时期进行遮光处理,采集各个发育阶段遮光处理后的果实,对其果实内的花青素、枸杞多糖和多酚含量进行了测定与分析。结果表明:与自然光照条件下生长的黑果枸杞果实相比,遮光条件下生长的黑果枸杞果实在其表型上有一定差异,果实内花青素和枸杞多糖的含量均显著降低;特别是在果实完全变为紫色并开始膨大时期,黑果枸杞果实内的花青素含量由5.02 mg·g-1降至0.50 mg·g-1,枸杞多糖含量由25.42 mg·g-1降至2.39 mg·g-1,但多酚含量差异并不显著。文中分析认为,光照可能是影响黑果枸杞果实内主要活性成分生物合成的一个关键环境因子。
In order to explore the influence of light on the content of major active components in the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr., it lays a theoretical foundation for further revealing the deep mechanism of light-induced active components in fruits and cherishing the rational use of resource-specific germplasm. Under the natural light, artificially cultivated pods were used as controls, and shading treatment was carried out at different stages of the fruit development of black locust fruits. Fruits harvested after shading treatment at various developmental stages were collected. The contents of anthocyanins, polysaccharides and polyphenols in fruits were measured and analyzed. The results showed that compared with the fruits grown under natural light conditions, the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. grown under shade conditions had some differences in their phenotypes, and the contents of anthocyanins and polysaccharides in fruits were significantly reduced. During the period when the fruit became completely purple and began to swell, the content of anthocyanin in the fruit was decreased from 5.02 mg·g~(-1) to 0.5 mg·g~(-1), and the content of sputum polysaccharide was decreased from 25.42 mg·g~(-1) up to 2.39 mg·g~(-1), but the difference in polyphenol content was not significant. According to the analysis in this paper, light may be a key environmental factor that affects the biosynthesis of the main active ingredients in Lycium ruthenicum Murr..
In order to explore the influence of light on the content of major active components in the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr., it lays a theoretical foundation for further revealing the deep mechanism of light-induced active components in fruits and cherishing the rational use of resource-specific germplasm. Under the natural light, artificially cultivated pods were used as controls, and shading treatment was carried out at different stages of the fruit development of black locust fruits. Fruits harvested after shading treatment at various developmental stages were collected. The contents of anthocyanins, polysaccharides and polyphenols in fruits were measured and analyzed. The results showed that compared with the fruits grown under natural light conditions, the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. grown under shade conditions had some differences in their phenotypes, and the contents of anthocyanins and polysaccharides in fruits were significantly reduced. During the period when the fruit became completely purple and began to swell, the content of anthocyanin in the fruit was decreased from 5.02 mg·g~(-1) to 0.5 mg·g~(-1), and the content of sputum polysaccharide was decreased from 25.42 mg·g~(-1) up to 2.39 mg·g~(-1), but the difference in polyphenol content was not significant. According to the analysis in this paper, light may be a key environmental factor that affects the biosynthesis of the main active ingredients in Lycium ruthenicum Murr..
引文
[1]卢文晋,王占林,樊光辉.黑果枸杞在人工栽培条件下的形态变异[J].经济林研究,2014,32(1):171-174.
[2]刘桂英,祁银燕,朱春云,等.柴达木盆地野生黑果枸杞的表型多样性[J].经济林研究,2016,34(4):57-62.
[3]Tsuda T,Horio F,Uchida K,et al.Dietary cyanidin 3-O-betaD-glucoside-rich purple corn color prevents obesity and ameliorates hyperglycemia in mice[J].Journal of Nutrition,2003,133(7):2125-2130.
[4]And S Y W,Jiao H.Scavenging Capacity of Berry Crops on Superoxide Radicals,Hydrogen Peroxide,Hydroxyl Radicals,and Singlet Oxygen[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2000,48(11):5677.
[5]Ramirez-Tortosa C,Andersen ? M,Cabrita L,et al.Anthocyanin-rich extract decreases indices of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in vitamin E-depleted rats[J].Free Radical Biology&Medicine,2001,31(9):1033-1037.
[6]白鹏威,邹志荣,杨振超,等.不同温度和光照处理对番茄果实不同部位糖含量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(3):184-187.
[7]唐忠厚,周丽.花青素对人类健康影响的研究进展及其前景[J].食品研究与开发,2009,30(7):159-162.
[8]陈晨,文怀秀,赵晓辉,等.固相萃取快速测定黑果枸杞果汁中酚酸类化合物[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(7):896-898.
[9]乔丽萍,傅瑜,叶兴乾,等.酚酸生物活性研究进展[J].中国食品学报,2013,13(10):144-152.
[10]Liu Z,Dang J,Wang Q,et al.Optimization of polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum fruit using RSM and its anti-oxidant activity.[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2013,61(10):127-134.
[11]陈晓琴.黑果枸杞果实多糖的制备与抗疲劳、降血糖生物功效的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2007.
[12]曾琳娜.香菇多糖降脂作用的评估及分子机制的研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2016.
[13]王艺,韦小丽.不同光照对植物生长、生理生化和形态结构影响的研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(4):353-359,370.
[14]Kami C,Lorrain S,Hornitschek P,et al.Light-regulated plant growth and development[J].Current Topics in Developmental Biology,2010,91:29.
[15]齐红岩.番茄光合运转糖—蔗糖的运转、代谢及其相关影响因素的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2003:7.
[16]Byamukama R,Kiremire BT,Andersen OM,et al.Anthocyanins from fruits of Rubus pinnatus and Rubus rigidus.[J].Journal of food composition and analysis,2005,18(6):599-605.
[17]汪洋,丁龙,王四清.不同产地黑果枸杞中原花青素和花青素含量研究[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(13):122-126.
[18]孙建霞,张燕,胡小松,等.花青素的提取、分离以及纯化方法研究进展[J].食品与发酵工业,2008(8):111-117.
[19]闫亚美,冉林武,曹有龙,等.黑果枸杞花色苷含量测定方法研究[J].食品工业,2012,33(6):145-147.
[20]刘晓涵,陈永刚,林励,等.蒽酮硫酸法与苯酚硫酸法测定枸杞子中多糖含量的比较[J].食品科技,2009,34(9):270-272.
[21]周卫龙,许凌,徐建峰,等.GB/T8313-2008,第二法茶叶中茶多酚测定的研究比较[J].中国茶叶加工,2009(1):40-41.
[22]Guo J,Han W,Wang M.Ultraviolet and environmental stresses involved in the induction and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis:A review[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2008,7(25):1-4.
[23]Albert N W,Lewis D H,Zhang H,et al.Light-induced vegetative anthocyanin pigmentation in Petunia[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2009,60(7):2191.
[24]Yu B,Zhang D,Huang C,et al.Isolation of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in red Chinese sand pear(Pyrus pyrifolia,Nakai)and their expression as affected by organ/tissue,cultivar,bagging and fruit side[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,136(2):29-37.
[25]Zheng Y,Li J H,Xin H P,et al.Anthocyanin profile and gene expression in berry skin of two red Vitis vinifera,grape cultivars that are sunlight dependent versus sunlight independent[J].Australian Journal of Grape&Wine Research,2013,19(2):238-248.
[26]Moscovici S,Moalem-Beno D,Weiss D.Leaf-mediated light responses inpetunia flowers.Plant Physiol.1996;110(4):1275–82.
[27]Islam MS,Jalaluddin M,Garner JO,et al.Artificial shading and temperature influence on anthocyanin compositions in sweet potato leaves.Hort Science.2005;40(1):176–80.
[28]黄仁贵.零余子多糖的分离鉴定及生物活性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[29]殷培蕾,李静,邓园园,等.光照对苦荞芽多酚类物质及抗氧化活性的影响[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(3):209-213.
[30]张继祥,岳玉苓,魏钦平,等.除内袋时间及摘叶对红富士苹果果实品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):1947-1952.
[31]龚荣高,丁建林,张光伦.不同海拔高度对青脆李生理辐射光谱、光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2010,28(4):454-458.
[32]王华田,程鹏飞.光照强度对板栗生长发育及光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,1995,13(2):13-15.
[2]刘桂英,祁银燕,朱春云,等.柴达木盆地野生黑果枸杞的表型多样性[J].经济林研究,2016,34(4):57-62.
[3]Tsuda T,Horio F,Uchida K,et al.Dietary cyanidin 3-O-betaD-glucoside-rich purple corn color prevents obesity and ameliorates hyperglycemia in mice[J].Journal of Nutrition,2003,133(7):2125-2130.
[4]And S Y W,Jiao H.Scavenging Capacity of Berry Crops on Superoxide Radicals,Hydrogen Peroxide,Hydroxyl Radicals,and Singlet Oxygen[J].Journal of Agricultural&Food Chemistry,2000,48(11):5677.
[5]Ramirez-Tortosa C,Andersen ? M,Cabrita L,et al.Anthocyanin-rich extract decreases indices of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in vitamin E-depleted rats[J].Free Radical Biology&Medicine,2001,31(9):1033-1037.
[6]白鹏威,邹志荣,杨振超,等.不同温度和光照处理对番茄果实不同部位糖含量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2010,19(3):184-187.
[7]唐忠厚,周丽.花青素对人类健康影响的研究进展及其前景[J].食品研究与开发,2009,30(7):159-162.
[8]陈晨,文怀秀,赵晓辉,等.固相萃取快速测定黑果枸杞果汁中酚酸类化合物[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(7):896-898.
[9]乔丽萍,傅瑜,叶兴乾,等.酚酸生物活性研究进展[J].中国食品学报,2013,13(10):144-152.
[10]Liu Z,Dang J,Wang Q,et al.Optimization of polysaccharides from Lycium ruthenicum fruit using RSM and its anti-oxidant activity.[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2013,61(10):127-134.
[11]陈晓琴.黑果枸杞果实多糖的制备与抗疲劳、降血糖生物功效的研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2007.
[12]曾琳娜.香菇多糖降脂作用的评估及分子机制的研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2016.
[13]王艺,韦小丽.不同光照对植物生长、生理生化和形态结构影响的研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(4):353-359,370.
[14]Kami C,Lorrain S,Hornitschek P,et al.Light-regulated plant growth and development[J].Current Topics in Developmental Biology,2010,91:29.
[15]齐红岩.番茄光合运转糖—蔗糖的运转、代谢及其相关影响因素的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2003:7.
[16]Byamukama R,Kiremire BT,Andersen OM,et al.Anthocyanins from fruits of Rubus pinnatus and Rubus rigidus.[J].Journal of food composition and analysis,2005,18(6):599-605.
[17]汪洋,丁龙,王四清.不同产地黑果枸杞中原花青素和花青素含量研究[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(13):122-126.
[18]孙建霞,张燕,胡小松,等.花青素的提取、分离以及纯化方法研究进展[J].食品与发酵工业,2008(8):111-117.
[19]闫亚美,冉林武,曹有龙,等.黑果枸杞花色苷含量测定方法研究[J].食品工业,2012,33(6):145-147.
[20]刘晓涵,陈永刚,林励,等.蒽酮硫酸法与苯酚硫酸法测定枸杞子中多糖含量的比较[J].食品科技,2009,34(9):270-272.
[21]周卫龙,许凌,徐建峰,等.GB/T8313-2008,第二法茶叶中茶多酚测定的研究比较[J].中国茶叶加工,2009(1):40-41.
[22]Guo J,Han W,Wang M.Ultraviolet and environmental stresses involved in the induction and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis:A review[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2008,7(25):1-4.
[23]Albert N W,Lewis D H,Zhang H,et al.Light-induced vegetative anthocyanin pigmentation in Petunia[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2009,60(7):2191.
[24]Yu B,Zhang D,Huang C,et al.Isolation of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in red Chinese sand pear(Pyrus pyrifolia,Nakai)and their expression as affected by organ/tissue,cultivar,bagging and fruit side[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2012,136(2):29-37.
[25]Zheng Y,Li J H,Xin H P,et al.Anthocyanin profile and gene expression in berry skin of two red Vitis vinifera,grape cultivars that are sunlight dependent versus sunlight independent[J].Australian Journal of Grape&Wine Research,2013,19(2):238-248.
[26]Moscovici S,Moalem-Beno D,Weiss D.Leaf-mediated light responses inpetunia flowers.Plant Physiol.1996;110(4):1275–82.
[27]Islam MS,Jalaluddin M,Garner JO,et al.Artificial shading and temperature influence on anthocyanin compositions in sweet potato leaves.Hort Science.2005;40(1):176–80.
[28]黄仁贵.零余子多糖的分离鉴定及生物活性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[29]殷培蕾,李静,邓园园,等.光照对苦荞芽多酚类物质及抗氧化活性的影响[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(3):209-213.
[30]张继祥,岳玉苓,魏钦平,等.除内袋时间及摘叶对红富士苹果果实品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):1947-1952.
[31]龚荣高,丁建林,张光伦.不同海拔高度对青脆李生理辐射光谱、光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2010,28(4):454-458.
[32]王华田,程鹏飞.光照强度对板栗生长发育及光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究,1995,13(2):13-15.