元江干热河谷稀树灌丛凋落量动态特征
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摘要
稀树灌丛植被广泛分布于我国西南干热河谷地区,然而,对其凋落量动态及影响因素的研究还比较缺乏。本文选取元江干热河谷稀树灌丛植被,开展凋落量动态监测,并分析其与主要气象因子的关系。结果表明:元江干热河谷年凋落总量为2 142.7 kg·hm~(-2);叶凋落量为1 561.5 kg·hm~(-2),占凋落总量的72.9%;枝、皮、花果、碎屑凋落量分别为284.9、18.9、172.4和105.0 kg·hm~(-2),分别占凋落总量的13.3%、0.9%、8.1%和4.9%。凋落总量的月动态呈现单峰型,从10月份开始气温和降雨量急剧降低,大部分植物在此时集中落叶,月凋落量达到峰值。月凋落量与月平均气温、月最高气温、月最低气温、月降雨量和土壤含水率等显著负相关(P<0.01),其中月降雨量是影响凋落量月动态的主要限制因素。
Savanna is a widespread vegetation in dry-hot valley region,southwest China.However,the litterfall dynamic and their relations with meteorological factors are poorly understood.In the study,the litterfall dynamic of savanna ecosystem was monitored,and the relationships between litterfall dynamic and main meteorological factors were analyzed in Yuanjiang,Yunnan Province,southwest China.The results showed that the annual total litterfall yield was 2 142.7 kg·hm~(-2).Leaf litter accounted for 72.9%( 1 561.5 kg·hm~(-2)) of the total litterfall,and the branch,bark,flower & fruit,pieces were 284.9,18.9,172.4 and 105.0 kg·hm~(-2),which accounted for 13.3%,0.9%,8.1% and 4.9%,respectively.The monthly dynamic of litterfall yield showed mono-peak in October,namely,most plants shed leaves in October when the air temperature and precipitation decreased sharply.According to the correlation analysis with climate factors,the monthly litterfall productions were negatively correlated with mean air temperature,maximum air temperature,minimum air temperature,monthly precipitation and soil moisture content( P<0.01),which showed that monthly precipitation was the primary limiting factor affecting the monthly litterfall yield.
Savanna is a widespread vegetation in dry-hot valley region,southwest China.However,the litterfall dynamic and their relations with meteorological factors are poorly understood.In the study,the litterfall dynamic of savanna ecosystem was monitored,and the relationships between litterfall dynamic and main meteorological factors were analyzed in Yuanjiang,Yunnan Province,southwest China.The results showed that the annual total litterfall yield was 2 142.7 kg·hm~(-2).Leaf litter accounted for 72.9%( 1 561.5 kg·hm~(-2)) of the total litterfall,and the branch,bark,flower & fruit,pieces were 284.9,18.9,172.4 and 105.0 kg·hm~(-2),which accounted for 13.3%,0.9%,8.1% and 4.9%,respectively.The monthly dynamic of litterfall yield showed mono-peak in October,namely,most plants shed leaves in October when the air temperature and precipitation decreased sharply.According to the correlation analysis with climate factors,the monthly litterfall productions were negatively correlated with mean air temperature,maximum air temperature,minimum air temperature,monthly precipitation and soil moisture content( P<0.01),which showed that monthly precipitation was the primary limiting factor affecting the monthly litterfall yield.
引文
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[15]张教林,郝广友,曹坤芳.云南元江干热河谷木本植物的物候[J].武汉植物学研究,2009,27(1):76-82.
[16]金艳强,李敬,张一平,等.元江干热河谷稀树灌草丛植被碳储量及净初级生产力[J].生态学报,2017,37(17):5 584-5 590.
[17]刘方炎,朱华.元江干热河谷植被数量分类及其多样性分析[J].广西植物,2005,25(1):22-25,92.
[18]刘方炎,李昆.萨王纳群落研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2008,21(6):25-30.
[19]郭婧,喻林华,方晰,等.中亚热带4种森林凋落物量、组成、动态及其周转期[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4 668-4 677.
[20]张新平,王襄平,朱彪,等.我国东北主要森林类型的凋落物产量及其影响因素[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(5):1 031-1 040.
[21]樊后保,林德喜,苏兵强,等.林下套种阔叶树的马尾松林凋落物生态学研究Ⅰ.凋落物量及其动态[J].福建林学院学报,2002,22(3):209-212.
[2]MUDRICK D A,HOOSEIN M,HICKS JR R R,et al.Decomposition of leaf litter in an Appalachian forest:effects of leaf species,aspect,slope position and time[J].Forest Ecology and Management,1994,68(2/3):231-250.
[3]KAVVADIAS V A,ALIFRAGIS D,TSIONTSIS A,et al.Litterfall,litter accumulation and litter decomposition rates in four forest ecosystems in northern Greece[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2001,144(1/2/3):113-127.
[4]BORKEN W,DAVIDSON E A,SAVAGE K,et al.Drying and wetting effects on carbon dioxide release from organic horizons[J].Soil Science Society of America,2003,67(6):1 888-1 896.
[5]潘辉,黄石德,洪伟,等.3种相思人工林生态系统碳贮量及分配[J].福建林学院学报,2009,29(1):28-32.
[6]李海防,范志伟,颜培栋,等.不同年龄马尾松人工林水源涵养能力比较研究[J].福建林学院学报,2011,31(4):320-323.
[7]IPCC.Summary for policymakers of climate change 2007:the physical science basis[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2007.
[8]金振洲,欧晓昆.干热河谷植被:元江、怒江、金沙江、澜沧江[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2000.
[9]房焕英,刘文飞,吴建平,等.杉木人工林凋落量及气候因子敏感性分析[J].福建林学院学报,2013,33(3):273-278.
[10]郑征,李佑荣,刘宏茂,等.西双版纳不同海拔热带雨林凋落量变化研究[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):884-893.
[11]凌华,陈光水,陈志勤.中国森林凋落量的影响因素[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2009,4(4):66-71.
[12]谭正洪,张一平,宋清海,等.落叶作为热带雨林水分亏缺适应对策的研究:以西双版纳热带雨林为例[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(2):273-280.
[13]CHEN J W,CAO K F.A possible link between hydraulic properties and leaf habits in Hevea brasiliensis[J].Functional Plant Biology,2015,42(8):718-726.
[14]ZHANG S B,ZHANG J L,CAO K F.Divergent hydraulic safety strategies in three co-occurring anacardiaceae tree species in a Chinese savanna[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016,7:2075.
[15]张教林,郝广友,曹坤芳.云南元江干热河谷木本植物的物候[J].武汉植物学研究,2009,27(1):76-82.
[16]金艳强,李敬,张一平,等.元江干热河谷稀树灌草丛植被碳储量及净初级生产力[J].生态学报,2017,37(17):5 584-5 590.
[17]刘方炎,朱华.元江干热河谷植被数量分类及其多样性分析[J].广西植物,2005,25(1):22-25,92.
[18]刘方炎,李昆.萨王纳群落研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2008,21(6):25-30.
[19]郭婧,喻林华,方晰,等.中亚热带4种森林凋落物量、组成、动态及其周转期[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4 668-4 677.
[20]张新平,王襄平,朱彪,等.我国东北主要森林类型的凋落物产量及其影响因素[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(5):1 031-1 040.
[21]樊后保,林德喜,苏兵强,等.林下套种阔叶树的马尾松林凋落物生态学研究Ⅰ.凋落物量及其动态[J].福建林学院学报,2002,22(3):209-212.