深水窄密度窗口钻井液技术改进及现场应用
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摘要
与常规井相比,深水、超深水井钻井液安全密度窗口变窄,给钻井液提出了更为严格的技术要求。针对这一问题,研究了低密度处理剂LDA60和水溶性承压封堵剂PF-STRH对钻井液密度、流变性和承压能力的影响,比较了水合物抑制全防和半防方案的优缺点,介绍了PF-STRH和水合物抑制控制技术在南海深水高温高压井LS25-1-S1井和超深水井LS18-1-1井的现场应用。结果表明,LDA60可有效降低钻井液比重,对钻井液流变性的影响较小;PF-STRH提高钻井液承压能力效果较好,3%PF-STRH可使HEM钻井液承压能力提高2倍。从成本和环保角度考虑,深水井作业钻进期间水合物抑制方案推荐采用半防方案。在现场实施承压封堵作业和水合物抑制措施后,钻井液比重降低、承压能力提高、流变性不受影响。PF-STRH和水合物抑制控制技术可用于水基钻井液深水、超深水井窄密度窗口钻探。
Compared with conventional well,deepwater and ultra-deepwater well had narrower safety density window of drilling fluid,which gave stringent technical requirements for drilling fluids. Aiming at this problem,the effects of low density agent LDA60 and water-soluble pressure plugging agent PF-STRH on the density,rheology and pressure bearing of drilling fluid were studied,the advantage and disadvantage of full-hydrate scheme and half-hydrate scheme inhibition were compared. Finally,PF-STRH and hydrate control technology were applied on deepwater well LS25-1-S1 with high temperature and pressure and ultra-deep well LS18-1-1 in South China Sea. The results showed that LDA60 could effectively reduce the density and had little effect on the rheology of drilling fluid. The pressure bearing capacity of HEM drilling fluid could be improved by 2 times after adding 3%PF-STRH,indicating good effect. Half-hydrate scheme was recommended during deepwater drilling operation considering the cost and environment. After pressure plugging and hydrate inhibition operation,the density of drilling fluid reduced and pressure bearing improved with no influence on rheology. PF-STRH and hydrate control technology could be used in the drilling of deep water and ultra-deep water wells with narrow density window.
Compared with conventional well,deepwater and ultra-deepwater well had narrower safety density window of drilling fluid,which gave stringent technical requirements for drilling fluids. Aiming at this problem,the effects of low density agent LDA60 and water-soluble pressure plugging agent PF-STRH on the density,rheology and pressure bearing of drilling fluid were studied,the advantage and disadvantage of full-hydrate scheme and half-hydrate scheme inhibition were compared. Finally,PF-STRH and hydrate control technology were applied on deepwater well LS25-1-S1 with high temperature and pressure and ultra-deep well LS18-1-1 in South China Sea. The results showed that LDA60 could effectively reduce the density and had little effect on the rheology of drilling fluid. The pressure bearing capacity of HEM drilling fluid could be improved by 2 times after adding 3%PF-STRH,indicating good effect. Half-hydrate scheme was recommended during deepwater drilling operation considering the cost and environment. After pressure plugging and hydrate inhibition operation,the density of drilling fluid reduced and pressure bearing improved with no influence on rheology. PF-STRH and hydrate control technology could be used in the drilling of deep water and ultra-deep water wells with narrow density window.
引文
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[2]李怀科,罗健生,耿铁,等.国内外深水钻井液技术进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(6):85-87.
[3]CLOSE F,MCCAVITT R D,SMITH B.Deepwater gulf of Mexico development challenges[R].SPE 113011,2008.
[4]TEIXEIRA G T,LOMBA R F T,FONTOURA S A B,et al.New Material for wellbore strengthening and fluid losses mitigation in deepwater drilling scenario[R].SPE 170266,2014.
[5]BOLIVAR N,DEAR S F,YOUNG J B,et al.Field result of equivalent circulating density reduction with a low-rheology fluid[R].SPE 105487,2007.
[6]LEE J,CULLUM D D,FRIEDHEIM J,et al.A new SBM for narrow margin ERD drilling[R].SPE 151469,2012.
[7]YOUNG S,FRIEDHEIM J E,LEE J,et al.A new generation of flat rheology invert drilling fluids[R].154682,2012.
[8]KNOX D,BULGACHEV R,CAMERON I.Defining fragile—The challenge of engineering drilling fluids for narrow EXD windows[R].SPE 173059,2015.
[9]ALBERTY M W,MCLEAN M R.A physical model for stress cages[R].SPE 90493,2004.
[10]ASTON M S,ALBERTY MW,MCLEAN M R,et al.Drilling fluids for wellbore strengthening[R].SPE 87130,2004.
[11]侯士立,黄达全,杨贺卫,等.刚性楔入承压封堵技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(1):49-52.
[12]郝惠军,田野,贾东民,等.承压封堵技术的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完液,2011,28(6):14-16.
[13]王学珍,柏子龙,马宏燎,等.聚甘油酰胺酯高效气体水合物动力学抑制剂的研制及性能评价[J].油田化学,2016,27(2):212-215.
[14]何家雄,卢振权,苏丕波,等.南海北部天然气水合物气源系统与成藏模式[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(6):8-24.
[15]业渝光,刘昌岭.天然气水合物实验技术及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2011:16-28.
[16]HEALY J,SANFORD J,HOPPER T,etal.Design,qualification,QAQC and operational performance of completion fluid,reservoir drill-in fluid and breaker-Tamar,Offhore Israel[R].SPE173060,2015.