基于天津地区太阳辐射观测的典型年数据比较
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摘要
建筑动态采光模拟普遍采用辐射光当量法,而挑选1套符合地区气候特征的典型年数据是进行采光模拟的前提。本文选取3套国内常用典型年数据:CSWD、ChinaTMY2数据、DeST典型年数据,同时以天津地区1年多的逐时太阳辐射观测数据为参考,对太阳总辐射、散射辐射按照全年逐时变化、各月均值变化、各季节逐时日变化方式进行比对,初步分析了3套典型年数据中辐射数据的变化规律及差异。从总辐射的比对结果来看,DeST典型年数据最为符合天津气候特征,与实测数据吻合度最高;ChinaTMY2数据趋势平缓;CSWD变化规律与其他3套数据均存在较大差异。而3套典型年数据散射辐射比对结果则并不理想。
Luminous efficacy model is widely used in building dynamic daylighting simulation. To derive a set of daylight illuminance data, which accords with the climatic characteristics in certain areas, is the premise of daylighting simulation. This paper uses CSWD、ChinaTMY2、DeST TMY data, which has been commonly used in China. Based on the following ways like Annual overall variation、Monthly mean variation、Seasonal daily variation,and using more than a year of observation data of Tianjin as reference, the value of global solar irradiance and diffuse irradiance are compared. The variation rule and differences of the three TMY data are preliminarily discussed. From the comparison of the global solar irradiance, the TMY data produced by DeST is more in line with the climatic characteristics of Tianjin. However, the result of the comparison of diffuse irradiance is not ideal.
Luminous efficacy model is widely used in building dynamic daylighting simulation. To derive a set of daylight illuminance data, which accords with the climatic characteristics in certain areas, is the premise of daylighting simulation. This paper uses CSWD、ChinaTMY2、DeST TMY data, which has been commonly used in China. Based on the following ways like Annual overall variation、Monthly mean variation、Seasonal daily variation,and using more than a year of observation data of Tianjin as reference, the value of global solar irradiance and diffuse irradiance are compared. The variation rule and differences of the three TMY data are preliminarily discussed. From the comparison of the global solar irradiance, the TMY data produced by DeST is more in line with the climatic characteristics of Tianjin. However, the result of the comparison of diffuse irradiance is not ideal.
引文
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[2] 王洪珍.基于地域性光气候的建筑采光模拟研究[D].天津:天津大学,2011.
[3] 杨柳,李昌华,刘加平.典型气象年生成方法及原始气象数据质量分析[J].气象科技,2006,34(5):596-599.
[4] BELLIA L,PEDACE A,FRAGLIASSO F.The role of weather data files in Climate-based Daylight Modeling[J].Solar Energy,2015(112):169-182.
[5] IVERSEN A,SVENDSEN S,NIELSEN TR.The effect of different weather data sets and their resolution on Climate-based Daylight Modeling[J].Society of Light and Lighting,2013,45:305-316.
[6] 罗涛,燕达,林若慈,等.天然光光照度典型年数据的研究与应用[J].照明工程学报,2011,22(5):1-6.
[7] 宋芳婷,褚群飞,燕达,等.建筑环境设计模拟分析软件DeST[J].暖通空调HV&AC,2004,34(11):52-65.
[8] 清华大学建筑技术科学系DeST开发小组.DeST用户使用手册[M].2004.
[9] 中国气象局气象信息中心气象资料室,清华大学建筑技术科学系.中国建筑热环境分析专用气象数据集[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[10] 张晴原,杨洪兴.建筑用标准气象数据手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.
[11] 天津市地方志编修委员会办公室,天津市气象局.天津通志:气象志[M].天津:天津社会科学院出版社,2005.
[12] 中国气象局.地面气象观测规范[S].北京:气象出版社,2016.
[13] 陈志华.1957—2000年中国地面太阳辐射状况的研究[D].北京:中科院大气物理研究所,2005.
[14] NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy[DB/OL].https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov.
[15] 王佳,刘寿东,刘爱霞,等.天津地区地面逐时太阳辐射的模拟计算[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(36):9805-9809.