弹簧钢热处理前后显微组织对抗腐蚀性能的影响
|
摘要
对不同成分弹簧钢热处理前后的试样进行盐雾腐蚀实验,测定试样的极化曲线,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析腐蚀产物的形貌及成分,研究热处理前后弹簧钢显微组织对其抗腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:弹簧钢热处理前后的显微组织对其抗腐蚀性能有重要影响,尤其是钢的初期腐蚀行为。弹簧钢在NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀产物主要为β-FeOOH。珠光体+铁素体(少量)组织的钢与屈氏体组织的钢相比,腐蚀电位较高,腐蚀电流密度较大,初期的腐蚀速率较快,但是随着腐蚀时间的延长,前者的抗腐蚀性能要好于后者。这主要是由于珠光体组织中的Fe3C有锚固锈层的作用,使锈层致密不容易脱落,从而能在一定程度上阻碍腐蚀介质和O2与铁基体接触发生腐蚀反应。
The salt-spray tests were conducted for different composition spring steel specimens before and after heat treatment,and polarization curve of those specimens were measured.Morphologies and composition of scale on the surface of specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy disperse spectroscope(EDS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The effect of different microstructure on corrosion resistance of spring steels before and after heat treatment was studied. The results show that the microstructure before and after heat treatment of spring steels has an impact on their corrosion resistance,particularly in the early stages of corrosion.Corrosion products of spring steels in NaCl aqueous solution mainly areβ-FeOOH.Pearlite + ferrite steel has higher corrosion potential,bigger corrosion current density and faster corrosion rate than tempered troostite steel.But corrosion resistance of the former is better than the latter's over time.The reason of which is the anchor function of cementite for scale,the cementite may help anchor the scale on the surface of spring steel.So the scale,corroding medium and oxygen can't contact with ferrous matrix.
The salt-spray tests were conducted for different composition spring steel specimens before and after heat treatment,and polarization curve of those specimens were measured.Morphologies and composition of scale on the surface of specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy disperse spectroscope(EDS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The effect of different microstructure on corrosion resistance of spring steels before and after heat treatment was studied. The results show that the microstructure before and after heat treatment of spring steels has an impact on their corrosion resistance,particularly in the early stages of corrosion.Corrosion products of spring steels in NaCl aqueous solution mainly areβ-FeOOH.Pearlite + ferrite steel has higher corrosion potential,bigger corrosion current density and faster corrosion rate than tempered troostite steel.But corrosion resistance of the former is better than the latter's over time.The reason of which is the anchor function of cementite for scale,the cementite may help anchor the scale on the surface of spring steel.So the scale,corroding medium and oxygen can't contact with ferrous matrix.
引文
[1]REZIG E,IRVING P E,ROBINSON M J.Development and early growth of fatigue cracks from corrosion damage in high strength stainless steel[J].Procedia Engineering,2010,2(1):387-396.
[2]TORIBIO J,LANCHA A M.Stress corrosion behaviour of highstrength steel:design on the basis of the crack growth kinetics curve[J].Materials&Design,1995,16(5):283-288.
[3]CARTER C S.Stress corrosion crack branching in high-strength steels[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1971,3(1):1-13.
[4]DUBOIS F,MENDIBIDE C,PAGNIER T,et al.Raman mapping of corrosion products formed onto spring steels during salt spray experiments.a correlation between the scale composition and the corrosion resistance[J].Corrosion Science,2008,50(12):3401-3409.
[5]EVANS U R,TAYLOR C A J.Mechanism of atmospheric rusting[J].Corrosion,1972,12(3):227-246.
[6]STRATMANN M.The investigation of the corrosion properties of metals,covered with adsorbed electrolyte layers-a new experimental technique[J].Corrosion Science,1987,27(8):869-872.
[7]STRATMANN M,STRECKEL H.On the atmospheric corrosion of metals,which are covered with thin electrolyte layers,Part 1:verification of the experimental technique[J].Corrosion Science,1990,30(6-7):681-696.
[8]张雷,胡丽华,孙建波,等.抗CO2腐蚀低Cr管线钢组织和性能研究[J].材料工程,2009,(5):6-10.ZHANG L,HU L H,SUN J B,et al.Microstructure and properties of CO2corrosion resistant low Cr pipeline steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2009,(5):6-10.
[9]张伟卫,吉玲康,蔡庆伍,等.高强度抗CO2腐蚀管线钢实验研究[J].材料工程,2011,(1):68-71.ZHANG W W,JI L K,CAI Q W,et al.Experimental study on CO2corrosion resistant high strength pipeline steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2011,(1):68-71.
[10]TAKABEH,UEDA M.The relationship between CO2corrosion resistance and corrosion products structure on carbon and low Cr bearing steels[J].Corrosion Engineering,2007,56(11):514-520.
[11]郝雪卉,董俊华,魏洁,等.AH32耐蚀钢显微组织对其腐蚀行为的影响[J].金属学报,2012,48(5):534-540.HAO X H,DONG J H,WEI J,et al.Influence of microstructure of AH32corrosion resistant steel on corrosion behavior[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2012,48(5):534-540.
[12]赵明纯,单以银,李玉海,等.显微组织对管线钢硫化物应力腐蚀开裂的影响[J].金属学报,2001,37(10):1087-1092.ZHAO M C,SHAN Y Y,LI Y H,et al.Effect of microstructure on sulfide stress corrosion cracking of pipeline steels[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2001,37(10):1087-1092.
[13]李琳,徐小连,陈义庆,等.显微组织对桥梁钢模拟海洋潮差区腐蚀行为的影响[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(4):307-310.LI L,XU X L,CHEN Y Q,et al.Influence of microstructure on corrosion behavior of bridge steels in simulated ocean tide zone[J].Corrosion&Protection,2012,33(4):307-310.
[14]胡丽华,路民旭,常炜,等.Cr含量和组织对含1%Cr管线钢焊接接头抗CO2腐蚀性能影响[J].材料工程,2010,(7):82-86.HU L H,LU M X,CHANG W,et al.Effect of Cr content and microstructures on the CO2corrosion resistance of the weld joint of 1%Cr containing pipeline steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2010,(7):82-86.
[15]XU L,WEI D Y,YU Y,et al.Effect of microstructure on corrosion fatigue behavior of 1500MPa level carbide-free bainite/martensitedual-phase high strength steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2011,18(4):63-67.
[16]熊慧欣,周立祥.不同晶型羟基氧化铁(FeOOH)的形成及其在吸附去除Cr(Ⅵ)上的作用[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(6):559-566.XIONG H X,ZHOU L X.Synthesis of roles oxyhydroxides of different crystal forms and their roles in adsorption and removal of Cr(Ⅵ)from aqueous solutions[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2008,27(6):559-566.
[17]孙蓉,张盾,张胜涛,等.钢铁材料在海水中阴极氧还原反应研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2009,21(1):58-61.SUN R,ZHANG D,ZHANG S T,et al.Research development on cathodic oxygen reduction on steel in seawater[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2009,21(1):58-61.
[18]孙敏,肖葵,董超芳,等.带腐蚀产物超高强度钢的电化学行为[J].金属学报,2011,47(4):442-448.SUN M,XIAO K,DONG C F,et al.Electrochemical behaviors of ultra high strength steels with corrosion products[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(4):442-448.
[19]CLOVER D,KINSELLA B,PEJCIC B.The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels[J].Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2005,35(2):139-149.
[20]王力伟,杜翠薇,刘智勇,等.Fe3C和珠光体对低碳铁素体钢腐蚀电化学行为的影响[J].金属学报,2011,47(10):1227-1232.WANG L W,DU C W,LIU Z Y,et al.Influence of Fe3C and pearlite on the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of low carbon ferrite steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(10):1227-1232.
[21]PALACIOS C A,SHADLEY J R.Characteristics of corrosion scales on steels in a CO2-saturated NaCl brine[J].Corrosion,1991,47(2):122-127.
[2]TORIBIO J,LANCHA A M.Stress corrosion behaviour of highstrength steel:design on the basis of the crack growth kinetics curve[J].Materials&Design,1995,16(5):283-288.
[3]CARTER C S.Stress corrosion crack branching in high-strength steels[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1971,3(1):1-13.
[4]DUBOIS F,MENDIBIDE C,PAGNIER T,et al.Raman mapping of corrosion products formed onto spring steels during salt spray experiments.a correlation between the scale composition and the corrosion resistance[J].Corrosion Science,2008,50(12):3401-3409.
[5]EVANS U R,TAYLOR C A J.Mechanism of atmospheric rusting[J].Corrosion,1972,12(3):227-246.
[6]STRATMANN M.The investigation of the corrosion properties of metals,covered with adsorbed electrolyte layers-a new experimental technique[J].Corrosion Science,1987,27(8):869-872.
[7]STRATMANN M,STRECKEL H.On the atmospheric corrosion of metals,which are covered with thin electrolyte layers,Part 1:verification of the experimental technique[J].Corrosion Science,1990,30(6-7):681-696.
[8]张雷,胡丽华,孙建波,等.抗CO2腐蚀低Cr管线钢组织和性能研究[J].材料工程,2009,(5):6-10.ZHANG L,HU L H,SUN J B,et al.Microstructure and properties of CO2corrosion resistant low Cr pipeline steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2009,(5):6-10.
[9]张伟卫,吉玲康,蔡庆伍,等.高强度抗CO2腐蚀管线钢实验研究[J].材料工程,2011,(1):68-71.ZHANG W W,JI L K,CAI Q W,et al.Experimental study on CO2corrosion resistant high strength pipeline steels[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2011,(1):68-71.
[10]TAKABEH,UEDA M.The relationship between CO2corrosion resistance and corrosion products structure on carbon and low Cr bearing steels[J].Corrosion Engineering,2007,56(11):514-520.
[11]郝雪卉,董俊华,魏洁,等.AH32耐蚀钢显微组织对其腐蚀行为的影响[J].金属学报,2012,48(5):534-540.HAO X H,DONG J H,WEI J,et al.Influence of microstructure of AH32corrosion resistant steel on corrosion behavior[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2012,48(5):534-540.
[12]赵明纯,单以银,李玉海,等.显微组织对管线钢硫化物应力腐蚀开裂的影响[J].金属学报,2001,37(10):1087-1092.ZHAO M C,SHAN Y Y,LI Y H,et al.Effect of microstructure on sulfide stress corrosion cracking of pipeline steels[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2001,37(10):1087-1092.
[13]李琳,徐小连,陈义庆,等.显微组织对桥梁钢模拟海洋潮差区腐蚀行为的影响[J].腐蚀与防护,2012,33(4):307-310.LI L,XU X L,CHEN Y Q,et al.Influence of microstructure on corrosion behavior of bridge steels in simulated ocean tide zone[J].Corrosion&Protection,2012,33(4):307-310.
[14]胡丽华,路民旭,常炜,等.Cr含量和组织对含1%Cr管线钢焊接接头抗CO2腐蚀性能影响[J].材料工程,2010,(7):82-86.HU L H,LU M X,CHANG W,et al.Effect of Cr content and microstructures on the CO2corrosion resistance of the weld joint of 1%Cr containing pipeline steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2010,(7):82-86.
[15]XU L,WEI D Y,YU Y,et al.Effect of microstructure on corrosion fatigue behavior of 1500MPa level carbide-free bainite/martensitedual-phase high strength steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2011,18(4):63-67.
[16]熊慧欣,周立祥.不同晶型羟基氧化铁(FeOOH)的形成及其在吸附去除Cr(Ⅵ)上的作用[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(6):559-566.XIONG H X,ZHOU L X.Synthesis of roles oxyhydroxides of different crystal forms and their roles in adsorption and removal of Cr(Ⅵ)from aqueous solutions[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2008,27(6):559-566.
[17]孙蓉,张盾,张胜涛,等.钢铁材料在海水中阴极氧还原反应研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2009,21(1):58-61.SUN R,ZHANG D,ZHANG S T,et al.Research development on cathodic oxygen reduction on steel in seawater[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2009,21(1):58-61.
[18]孙敏,肖葵,董超芳,等.带腐蚀产物超高强度钢的电化学行为[J].金属学报,2011,47(4):442-448.SUN M,XIAO K,DONG C F,et al.Electrochemical behaviors of ultra high strength steels with corrosion products[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(4):442-448.
[19]CLOVER D,KINSELLA B,PEJCIC B.The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels[J].Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2005,35(2):139-149.
[20]王力伟,杜翠薇,刘智勇,等.Fe3C和珠光体对低碳铁素体钢腐蚀电化学行为的影响[J].金属学报,2011,47(10):1227-1232.WANG L W,DU C W,LIU Z Y,et al.Influence of Fe3C and pearlite on the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of low carbon ferrite steel[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2011,47(10):1227-1232.
[21]PALACIOS C A,SHADLEY J R.Characteristics of corrosion scales on steels in a CO2-saturated NaCl brine[J].Corrosion,1991,47(2):122-127.