不同鱼类养殖方式对长江中游湖泊浮游植物群落的影响及其季节动态
|
摘要
湖泊鱼类养殖是非常重要的一种水产养殖方式,然而不同鱼类养殖和管理方式对湖泊浮游植物群落的影响及其季节动态尚不明确。2016年3月～2017年1月按季度调研了长江中游9个湖泊的浮游植物,所研究湖泊包括以下4组:水库极低密度放养组(SR组)、禁养组(SN组)、低密度养殖组(SL组)和高密度养殖组(SH组)。研究表明:4组湖泊共鉴定出浮游植物8门110属,以绿藻、硅藻和蓝藻为主。水库组优势种季节演替明显,其余3组均存在比较稳定的优势种,其中禁养组与高密度养殖组为平裂藻,低密度养殖组为假鱼腥藻。4组湖泊浮游植物丰度的季节变化规律不同,依赖于蓝藻优势度的变化。根据浮游植物多样性指数判断,4组湖泊水体污染状态(即营养状态)存在季节差异,Shannon-Wiener指数与Pielou指数对水体污染状态的评价结果较为一致。对4组湖泊四季的浮游植物的数量进行了层序聚类分析与非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS),结果显示水库组单独为一类;禁养组与高密度养殖组除了夏季外,其余季节均为一类。不同鱼类养殖方式对湖泊浮游植物群落的结构及季节动态产生了一定的影响,然而短期的禁养并没有明显改变湖泊浮游植物群落。
Fish culture in lakes is a very common and important aquaculture in China but few study reported comprehensive ecological impacts of different fish culture types on lakes. We assessed phytoplankton communities from March,2016 to January,2017 seasonally in 9 lakes,which included four groups: reservoir group( group SR),non-aquaculture group( group SN),low stocking aquaculture group( group SL) and high stocking aquaculture group( group SH),along the middle Yangtze River. A total of 110 phytoplankton genera belonging to8 phyla were collected,among which were mainly Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta. The seasonal succession of major dominant species in the reservoir group was remarkable,while there were stable dominant genera in the non-aquaculture( Merismopedia),low stocking aquaculture( Pseudanabaena) and high stocking aquaculture( Merismopedia) groups. The seasonal patterns of phytoplankton abundance in the four lake groups were different and depended on the dominance of cyanobacteria. According to the phytoplankton diversity index,water pollution( nutrient) status of the four lake groups showed seasonal differences,and the evaluation results of the Shannon-Wiener index were consistent with those of the Pielou index. Hierarchical cluster analysis and nonmetric multi-dimensional scaling( NMDS) showed that lakes in the reservoir group were in the same category in all seasons,and lakes in the non-aquaculture and high stocking groups were in the same category in all seasons except summer. The current study indicated that fish culture had some impacts on phytoplankton communities,but banning from aquaculture in a short time did not significantly change them in lakes.
Fish culture in lakes is a very common and important aquaculture in China but few study reported comprehensive ecological impacts of different fish culture types on lakes. We assessed phytoplankton communities from March,2016 to January,2017 seasonally in 9 lakes,which included four groups: reservoir group( group SR),non-aquaculture group( group SN),low stocking aquaculture group( group SL) and high stocking aquaculture group( group SH),along the middle Yangtze River. A total of 110 phytoplankton genera belonging to8 phyla were collected,among which were mainly Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta. The seasonal succession of major dominant species in the reservoir group was remarkable,while there were stable dominant genera in the non-aquaculture( Merismopedia),low stocking aquaculture( Pseudanabaena) and high stocking aquaculture( Merismopedia) groups. The seasonal patterns of phytoplankton abundance in the four lake groups were different and depended on the dominance of cyanobacteria. According to the phytoplankton diversity index,water pollution( nutrient) status of the four lake groups showed seasonal differences,and the evaluation results of the Shannon-Wiener index were consistent with those of the Pielou index. Hierarchical cluster analysis and nonmetric multi-dimensional scaling( NMDS) showed that lakes in the reservoir group were in the same category in all seasons,and lakes in the non-aquaculture and high stocking groups were in the same category in all seasons except summer. The current study indicated that fish culture had some impacts on phytoplankton communities,but banning from aquaculture in a short time did not significantly change them in lakes.
引文
[1]崔奕波,李钟杰.长江流域湖泊的渔业资源与环境保护[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:1-181.CUI Y B,LI Z J. Fishery resources and conservation of environment in lakes of the Changjiang River basin[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2005:1-181.
[2]湖北农业信息网.湖北省淡水产品总量连续20年位居全国第一[J].农村百事通,2016(9):10.
[3] HERBECK L S,UNGER D,WU Y,et al. Effluent,nutrient and organic matter export from shrimp and fish ponds causing eutrophication in coastal and back-reef waters of NE Hainan,tropical China[J]. Continental Shelf Research,2013,57(1):92-104.
[4] XIE B,QIN J,YANG H,et al. Organic aquaculture in China:a review from a global perspective[J]. Aquaculture,2013,s414-415(11):243-253.
[5] SOMMER U. The PEG-model of seasonal succession of planktonic events in fresh waters[J]. Archiv Fur Hydrobiologie,1986,106(4):433-471.
[6] SOMMER U,ADRIAN R,DOMIS L D S,et al. Beyond the plankton ecology group(PEG)model:mechanisms driving plankton succession[J]. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution&Systematics,2012,43(1):429-448.
[7] BACHMANN R W,JONES B L,FOX D D,et al. Relations between trophic state indicators and fish in Florida(U. S. A.)lakes[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,1996,53(4):842-855.
[8] HAVENS K E,EAST T L,JOSEPH M,et al. Dynamics of the exotic Daphnia lumholtzii and native macro-zooplankton in a subtropical chain-of-lakes in Florida,U. S. A.[J]. Freshwater Biology,2010,45(1):21-32.
[9] YANG Y,HUANG X,LIU J. Long-term changes in crustacean zooplankton and water quality in a shallow,eutrophic Chinese lake densely stocked with fish[J]. Hydrobiologia,1998,391(1-3):193-201.
[10] HAVENS K E. Zooplankton structure and potential food web interactions in the plankton of a subtropical chain-of-lakes[J].The scientific world journal,2002,2:926-942.
[11] HUNT R J,MATVEEV V F. The effects of nutrients and zooplankton community structure on phytoplankton growth in a subtropical Australian reservoir:an enclosure study[J]. Limnologica,2005,35(1):90-101.
[12] IGLESIAS C,MAZZEO N,MEERHOFF M,et al. High predation is of key importance for dominance of small-bodied zooplankton in warm shallow lakes:evidence from lakes,fish exclosures and surface sediments[J]. Hydrobiologia,2011,667(1):133-147.
[13] WANG S,XIE P,WU S,et al. Phytoplankton biomass in relation to nutrients and zooplankton in thirty subtropical lakes adjacent to the Yangtze River,China[J]. Fundamental and Applied Limnology,2007,169(1):49-55.
[14] LAZZARO X. A review of planktivorous fishes:Their evolution,feeding behaviors,selectivities,and impacts[J]. Hydrobiologia,1987,146(2):97-167.
[15]周洁,林峰.鲢、鳙的食性及其对藻类的消化利用[J].水生生物学报,1990,14(2):170-175.ZHOU J,LIN F. The feeding habit of silver carp and bighead and their digestion of algae[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1987,14(2):170-175.
[16]刘其根,张真.富营养化湖泊中的鲢、鳙控藻问题:争议与共识[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(3):463-475.LIU Q G,ZHANG Z. Controlling the nuisance algae by silver and bighead carps in eutrophic lakes:disputes and consensus[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(3):463-475.
[17] WANG Y,GU X,ZENG Q,et al. Contrasting response of a plankton community to two filter-feeding fish and their feces:An in situ,enclosure experiment[J]. Aquaculture,2016,465:330-340.
[18] BURKE J S,BAYNE D R,REA H. Impact of silver and bighead carps on plankton communities of channel catfish ponds[J]. Aquaculture,1986,55(1):59-68.
[19]唐汇娟,谢平.围隔中不同密度鲢对浮游植物的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2006,25(3):277-280.TANG H J,XIE P. Enclosure experiment on the effects of silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)density on the phytoplankton[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2006,25(3):277-280.
[20]欧阳昊.白鲢和尼罗罗非鱼混养养殖对热带水库富营养化及浮游植物群落结构影响——大型围隔实验研究[D].暨南大学,2007.OU Y H. Effect of a mixed culture of silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrtix)and Nile tilapia(Oreochromis nilotica)on phytoplankton community and eutrophication in a tropical reservoir:a large enclosure experiment[D]. Jinan University,2007.
[21]赵帅营.营养盐加富和鲢对南亚热带贫——中营养型水库浮游生物群落的影响:大型围隔实验[D].暨南大学,2009.ZHAO S Y. Effect of nutrient enrichment and a filter-feeding fish(silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)on plankton community in a subtropical oligo-mesotrophic reservoir,South China:a large-scale enclosure experiment[D]. Jinan University,2009.
[22]杨建雷.淡水鱼混养池塘鲢鱼(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)的滤食作用对浮游植物群落结构的影响[D].中国海洋大学,2011.YANG J L. Effects of filter-feeding silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)on the phytoplankton community structure in the polyculture ponds of freshwater fish[D]. Ocean University of China,2011.
[23]胡征宇.湖北的绿球藻目[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,1991.HU Z Y. On the order chlorococcales of Hubei province[D].Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,1991.
[24]胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类——系统、分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.HU H J,WEI Y X. The freshwater algae of China——systematics,taxonomy and ecology[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[25]胡鸿钧.水华蓝藻生物学[M].北京:科学出版社. 2011.HU H J. The biology of water-blooms blue-green algae[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[26]周凤霞,陈剑虹.淡水微型生物与底栖动物图谱(第2版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社. 2011.ZHOU F X,CHEN J X. Images of freshwater microbiology and macrobenthos(2nd edition)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press. 2011.
[27]朱梦灵.丝状蓝藻假鱼腥藻和泽丝藻的分类学研究及分子监测[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,2012.ZHU M L. Polyphasic studies on the taxonomy of filamentous cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena and Limnothrix and their ecological application[D]. Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,2012.
[28]章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社. 1991.ZHANG Z S,HUANG X F. Research method of freshwater plankton[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1991.
[29]张婷,李林,宋立荣.熊河水库浮游植物群落结构的周年变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2971-2979.ZHANG T,LI L,SONG L R. Annual dynamics of phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Xionghe reservoir[J]. Acta Ecologica Sincia,2009,29(6):2971-2979.
[30]孙军,刘东艳.多样性指数在海洋浮游植物研究中的应用[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):62-75.SUN J,LIU D. The application of diversity indices in marine phytoplankton studies[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2004,26(1):62-75.
[31]秦娇娇,王艳.浮游植物多样性指数的应用及评价[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(4):502-505.QIN J J,WANG Y. Application and evaluation of phytoplankton diversity indexes[J]. Journal of Shenyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2014,32(4):502-505.
[32]张景平,黄小平,江志坚,等.珠江口海域污染的水质综合污染指数和生物多样性指数评价[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):9-76.ZHANG J P,HUANG X P,JIANG Z J,et al. Assessment of the Pearl River Estuary pollution by water comprehensive pollution index and biodiversity index[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(1):69-76.
[33]吴波,陈德辉,吴琼,等.黄浦江浮游植物群落结构及其对水环境的指示作用[J].植物科学学报,2007,25(5):467-472.WU B,CHEN D H,WU Q,et al. Study on the structure of phytoplankton community and water quality monitoring in Huangpu river[J]. Plant Science Journal,2007,25(5):467-472.
[34] SALMASO N. Seasonal variation in the composition and rate of change of the phytoplankton community in a deep subalpine lake(Lake Garda,Northern Italy). an application of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis[J]. Hydrobiologia,1996,337(1-3):49-68.
[35] CLARKE K R,WARWICk R M. Changes in marine communities:an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation[M].Plymouth,UK:PRIMER-E Ltd,2001.
[36] HAN B P,ARMENGOL J,GARCIA J C,et al. The thermal structure of Sau Reservoir(Spain NE):a simulation approach[J]. Ecological Modelling,2000,125(2-3):109-122.
[37] NASELLI-FLORES L. Phytoplankton assemblages in twenty-one Sicilian reservoirs:Relationship between species composition and environmental factors[J]. Hydrobiologia,2000,424:1-11.
[38]刘长发,綦志仁,何洁,等.环境友好的水产养殖业——零污水排放循环水产养殖系统[J].大连水产学院学报,2002,17(3):220-226.LIU C F,QI Z R,HE J,et al. Environmental friendship aquaculture——zero discharge integrated recirculating aquaculture systems[J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries university,2002,17(3):220-226.
[39] BORGES P A F,TRAIN S,DIAS J D,et al. Effects of fish farming on plankton structure in a Brazilian tropical reservoir[J]. Hydrobiologia,2010,649(1):279-291.
[40] BARTOZEK E C,BUENO N C,RODRIGUES L C. Influence of fish farming in net cages on phytoplankton structure:a case study in a subtropical Brazilian reservoir[J]. Brazilian Journal of Biology,2014,74(1):145-155.
[41]张俊芳,冯佳,谢树莲,等.山西宁武亚高山湖群浮游植物群落结构特征[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(1):117-122.ZHANG J F,FENG J,XIE S L,et al. Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in Ningwu subalpine lakes,Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2012,24(1):117-122.
[42]邱小琮,赵红雪.宁夏沙湖浮游植物群落结构及多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(1):20-26.QIU X Z,ZHAO H X. Community structure and biodiversity of phytoplankton in Shahu lake,Ningxia[J]. Journal of Hydroecology,2011,32(1):20-26.
[43]岑竞仪,李扬,吕颂辉,等.流溪河和潖江河从化段浮游植物群落结构研究[J].植物科学学报,2010,28(5):561-567.CEN J Y,LI Y,LU S H,et sl. Structural characteristics of phytoplankton in Liuxi and Bajiang River,China[J]. Plant Science Journal,2010,28(5):561-567.
[44]金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范(第二版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.JIN X C,TU Q Y. The standard methods in lake eutrophication investigation(2nd edition)[M]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990.
[45]胡韧,熊江霞,韩博平.具有短水力滞留的小型富营养化水库浮游植物群落结构与动态[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(4):1319-1326.HU R,XIONG J X,HAN B P. Structure and dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in a small eutrophic reservoir with a short residence time[J]. Ecology and Environment,2008,17(4):1319-1326.
[46]胡玉婷,江河,卢文轩,等.安徽太平湖浮游生物调查与鲢鳙鱼产力评估[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(2):234-234.HU Y T,JIANG H,LU W X,et al. Investigation on plankton and production estimation of silver carp and bighead carp in Taiping Lake,Anhui Province[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,2017,44(2):234-241.
[47] KANGRO K,LAUGASTE R,NGES P,et al. Long-term changes and seasonal development of phytoplankton in a strongly stratified,hypertrophic lake[J]. Hydrobiologia,2005,547(1):91-103.
[48]陈立婧,吴竹臣,胡忠军,等.上海崇明岛明珠湖浮游植物群落结构[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1599-1605.CHEN L J,WU Z C,HU Z J,et al. Phytoplankton community structure in Mingzhu Lake of Chongming Island,Shanghai[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1599-1605.
[49]顾谢军,徐东炯,蔡焕兴,等.洮滆水系湖库富营养化生态风险的特点与比较[J].环境监控与预警,2011,3(3):13-17.GU X J,XU D J,CAI H X,et al. Feature analysis and comparison on ecological risk of eutrophication in lakes and reservoir in Taoge river[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2011,3(3):13-17.
[50] NIXDORF B,MISCHKE U,RCKER J. Phytoplankton assemblages and steady state in deep and shallow eutrophic lakes-an approach to differentiate the habitat properties of Oscillatoriales[J]. Hydrobiologia,2003,502(1-3):111-121.
[51]林秋奇,韩博平.热带直流型水库蓝藻季节变化特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2007,15(2):152-159.LIN Q Q,HAN B P. Seasonal fluctuation of cyanobacteria population in tropical through-flowing reservoirs[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2007,15(2):152-159.
[52]夏品华,刘燕,薛飞,等.贵州百花湖水库浮游植物群落结构与季节变化[J].地球与环境,2012,40(2):179-187.XIA P H,LIU Y,XUE F,et al. Dynamics and structure of phytoplankton community in the Baihua reservoir,Guizhou[J].Earth and Environment,2012,40(2):179-187.
[53]林秋奇,雷腊梅,韩博平.南亚热带不同营养水平水库的蓝藻组成与动态[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1027-1033.LIN Q Q,LEI L M,HAN B P. Cyanophyta in south subtropical reservoirs with different trophic levels[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(7):1027-1033.
[54] OLIVER R L,GRANF G G. Freshwater Blooms[M]. In:Whitton B A,Potts M. The ecology of cyanobacteria. The Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2002,149-194.
[55]王勇.武汉大东湖浮游植物群落特征及水质评价[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,2011.WANG Y. Phytoplankton assemblage characteristics and water quality assessment of lake Donghu district[D]. Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,2011.
[56]路学堂.东平湖浮游植物群落结构与驱动因子及蓝藻水华可能性研究[D].山东大学,2013.LU X T. The research on phytoplankton community,driving environmental factors and the possibility of cyanobacterial bloom in Dongping Lake,China[D]. Shandong University,2013.
[57] HAVENS K E,PHLIPS E J,CICHRA M F,et al. Light availability as a possible regulator of cyanobacteria species composition in a shallow subtropical lake[J]. Freshwater Biology,1998,39:547-556.
[58] VILLENA M J,ROMO S. Phytoplankton changes in a shallow Mediterranean lake(Albufera of Valencia,Spain)after sewage diversion[J]. Hydrobiologia,2003,506/509:281-287.
[59]朱生博,王岩,王小冬,等.不同放养和管理模式下三角帆蚌养殖水体中的浮游生物和初级生产力[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(3):401-407.ZHU S B,WANG Y,WANG X D,et al. Phytoplankton community and primary productivity in waters for culturing freshwater pearl mussel(Hyriopsis cumingii)under different stockings and management models[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(3):401-407.
[2]湖北农业信息网.湖北省淡水产品总量连续20年位居全国第一[J].农村百事通,2016(9):10.
[3] HERBECK L S,UNGER D,WU Y,et al. Effluent,nutrient and organic matter export from shrimp and fish ponds causing eutrophication in coastal and back-reef waters of NE Hainan,tropical China[J]. Continental Shelf Research,2013,57(1):92-104.
[4] XIE B,QIN J,YANG H,et al. Organic aquaculture in China:a review from a global perspective[J]. Aquaculture,2013,s414-415(11):243-253.
[5] SOMMER U. The PEG-model of seasonal succession of planktonic events in fresh waters[J]. Archiv Fur Hydrobiologie,1986,106(4):433-471.
[6] SOMMER U,ADRIAN R,DOMIS L D S,et al. Beyond the plankton ecology group(PEG)model:mechanisms driving plankton succession[J]. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution&Systematics,2012,43(1):429-448.
[7] BACHMANN R W,JONES B L,FOX D D,et al. Relations between trophic state indicators and fish in Florida(U. S. A.)lakes[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries&Aquatic Sciences,1996,53(4):842-855.
[8] HAVENS K E,EAST T L,JOSEPH M,et al. Dynamics of the exotic Daphnia lumholtzii and native macro-zooplankton in a subtropical chain-of-lakes in Florida,U. S. A.[J]. Freshwater Biology,2010,45(1):21-32.
[9] YANG Y,HUANG X,LIU J. Long-term changes in crustacean zooplankton and water quality in a shallow,eutrophic Chinese lake densely stocked with fish[J]. Hydrobiologia,1998,391(1-3):193-201.
[10] HAVENS K E. Zooplankton structure and potential food web interactions in the plankton of a subtropical chain-of-lakes[J].The scientific world journal,2002,2:926-942.
[11] HUNT R J,MATVEEV V F. The effects of nutrients and zooplankton community structure on phytoplankton growth in a subtropical Australian reservoir:an enclosure study[J]. Limnologica,2005,35(1):90-101.
[12] IGLESIAS C,MAZZEO N,MEERHOFF M,et al. High predation is of key importance for dominance of small-bodied zooplankton in warm shallow lakes:evidence from lakes,fish exclosures and surface sediments[J]. Hydrobiologia,2011,667(1):133-147.
[13] WANG S,XIE P,WU S,et al. Phytoplankton biomass in relation to nutrients and zooplankton in thirty subtropical lakes adjacent to the Yangtze River,China[J]. Fundamental and Applied Limnology,2007,169(1):49-55.
[14] LAZZARO X. A review of planktivorous fishes:Their evolution,feeding behaviors,selectivities,and impacts[J]. Hydrobiologia,1987,146(2):97-167.
[15]周洁,林峰.鲢、鳙的食性及其对藻类的消化利用[J].水生生物学报,1990,14(2):170-175.ZHOU J,LIN F. The feeding habit of silver carp and bighead and their digestion of algae[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1987,14(2):170-175.
[16]刘其根,张真.富营养化湖泊中的鲢、鳙控藻问题:争议与共识[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(3):463-475.LIU Q G,ZHANG Z. Controlling the nuisance algae by silver and bighead carps in eutrophic lakes:disputes and consensus[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(3):463-475.
[17] WANG Y,GU X,ZENG Q,et al. Contrasting response of a plankton community to two filter-feeding fish and their feces:An in situ,enclosure experiment[J]. Aquaculture,2016,465:330-340.
[18] BURKE J S,BAYNE D R,REA H. Impact of silver and bighead carps on plankton communities of channel catfish ponds[J]. Aquaculture,1986,55(1):59-68.
[19]唐汇娟,谢平.围隔中不同密度鲢对浮游植物的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2006,25(3):277-280.TANG H J,XIE P. Enclosure experiment on the effects of silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)density on the phytoplankton[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2006,25(3):277-280.
[20]欧阳昊.白鲢和尼罗罗非鱼混养养殖对热带水库富营养化及浮游植物群落结构影响——大型围隔实验研究[D].暨南大学,2007.OU Y H. Effect of a mixed culture of silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrtix)and Nile tilapia(Oreochromis nilotica)on phytoplankton community and eutrophication in a tropical reservoir:a large enclosure experiment[D]. Jinan University,2007.
[21]赵帅营.营养盐加富和鲢对南亚热带贫——中营养型水库浮游生物群落的影响:大型围隔实验[D].暨南大学,2009.ZHAO S Y. Effect of nutrient enrichment and a filter-feeding fish(silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)on plankton community in a subtropical oligo-mesotrophic reservoir,South China:a large-scale enclosure experiment[D]. Jinan University,2009.
[22]杨建雷.淡水鱼混养池塘鲢鱼(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)的滤食作用对浮游植物群落结构的影响[D].中国海洋大学,2011.YANG J L. Effects of filter-feeding silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)on the phytoplankton community structure in the polyculture ponds of freshwater fish[D]. Ocean University of China,2011.
[23]胡征宇.湖北的绿球藻目[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,1991.HU Z Y. On the order chlorococcales of Hubei province[D].Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,1991.
[24]胡鸿钧,魏印心.中国淡水藻类——系统、分类及生态[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.HU H J,WEI Y X. The freshwater algae of China——systematics,taxonomy and ecology[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[25]胡鸿钧.水华蓝藻生物学[M].北京:科学出版社. 2011.HU H J. The biology of water-blooms blue-green algae[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[26]周凤霞,陈剑虹.淡水微型生物与底栖动物图谱(第2版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社. 2011.ZHOU F X,CHEN J X. Images of freshwater microbiology and macrobenthos(2nd edition)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press. 2011.
[27]朱梦灵.丝状蓝藻假鱼腥藻和泽丝藻的分类学研究及分子监测[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,2012.ZHU M L. Polyphasic studies on the taxonomy of filamentous cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena and Limnothrix and their ecological application[D]. Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,2012.
[28]章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社. 1991.ZHANG Z S,HUANG X F. Research method of freshwater plankton[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1991.
[29]张婷,李林,宋立荣.熊河水库浮游植物群落结构的周年变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(6):2971-2979.ZHANG T,LI L,SONG L R. Annual dynamics of phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Xionghe reservoir[J]. Acta Ecologica Sincia,2009,29(6):2971-2979.
[30]孙军,刘东艳.多样性指数在海洋浮游植物研究中的应用[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):62-75.SUN J,LIU D. The application of diversity indices in marine phytoplankton studies[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2004,26(1):62-75.
[31]秦娇娇,王艳.浮游植物多样性指数的应用及评价[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(4):502-505.QIN J J,WANG Y. Application and evaluation of phytoplankton diversity indexes[J]. Journal of Shenyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2014,32(4):502-505.
[32]张景平,黄小平,江志坚,等.珠江口海域污染的水质综合污染指数和生物多样性指数评价[J].热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):9-76.ZHANG J P,HUANG X P,JIANG Z J,et al. Assessment of the Pearl River Estuary pollution by water comprehensive pollution index and biodiversity index[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2010,29(1):69-76.
[33]吴波,陈德辉,吴琼,等.黄浦江浮游植物群落结构及其对水环境的指示作用[J].植物科学学报,2007,25(5):467-472.WU B,CHEN D H,WU Q,et al. Study on the structure of phytoplankton community and water quality monitoring in Huangpu river[J]. Plant Science Journal,2007,25(5):467-472.
[34] SALMASO N. Seasonal variation in the composition and rate of change of the phytoplankton community in a deep subalpine lake(Lake Garda,Northern Italy). an application of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis[J]. Hydrobiologia,1996,337(1-3):49-68.
[35] CLARKE K R,WARWICk R M. Changes in marine communities:an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation[M].Plymouth,UK:PRIMER-E Ltd,2001.
[36] HAN B P,ARMENGOL J,GARCIA J C,et al. The thermal structure of Sau Reservoir(Spain NE):a simulation approach[J]. Ecological Modelling,2000,125(2-3):109-122.
[37] NASELLI-FLORES L. Phytoplankton assemblages in twenty-one Sicilian reservoirs:Relationship between species composition and environmental factors[J]. Hydrobiologia,2000,424:1-11.
[38]刘长发,綦志仁,何洁,等.环境友好的水产养殖业——零污水排放循环水产养殖系统[J].大连水产学院学报,2002,17(3):220-226.LIU C F,QI Z R,HE J,et al. Environmental friendship aquaculture——zero discharge integrated recirculating aquaculture systems[J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries university,2002,17(3):220-226.
[39] BORGES P A F,TRAIN S,DIAS J D,et al. Effects of fish farming on plankton structure in a Brazilian tropical reservoir[J]. Hydrobiologia,2010,649(1):279-291.
[40] BARTOZEK E C,BUENO N C,RODRIGUES L C. Influence of fish farming in net cages on phytoplankton structure:a case study in a subtropical Brazilian reservoir[J]. Brazilian Journal of Biology,2014,74(1):145-155.
[41]张俊芳,冯佳,谢树莲,等.山西宁武亚高山湖群浮游植物群落结构特征[J].湖泊科学,2012,24(1):117-122.ZHANG J F,FENG J,XIE S L,et al. Characteristics of phytoplankton community structure in Ningwu subalpine lakes,Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences,2012,24(1):117-122.
[42]邱小琮,赵红雪.宁夏沙湖浮游植物群落结构及多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(1):20-26.QIU X Z,ZHAO H X. Community structure and biodiversity of phytoplankton in Shahu lake,Ningxia[J]. Journal of Hydroecology,2011,32(1):20-26.
[43]岑竞仪,李扬,吕颂辉,等.流溪河和潖江河从化段浮游植物群落结构研究[J].植物科学学报,2010,28(5):561-567.CEN J Y,LI Y,LU S H,et sl. Structural characteristics of phytoplankton in Liuxi and Bajiang River,China[J]. Plant Science Journal,2010,28(5):561-567.
[44]金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范(第二版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.JIN X C,TU Q Y. The standard methods in lake eutrophication investigation(2nd edition)[M]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990.
[45]胡韧,熊江霞,韩博平.具有短水力滞留的小型富营养化水库浮游植物群落结构与动态[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(4):1319-1326.HU R,XIONG J X,HAN B P. Structure and dynamics of phytoplankton assemblages in a small eutrophic reservoir with a short residence time[J]. Ecology and Environment,2008,17(4):1319-1326.
[46]胡玉婷,江河,卢文轩,等.安徽太平湖浮游生物调查与鲢鳙鱼产力评估[J].安徽农业大学学报,2017,44(2):234-234.HU Y T,JIANG H,LU W X,et al. Investigation on plankton and production estimation of silver carp and bighead carp in Taiping Lake,Anhui Province[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,2017,44(2):234-241.
[47] KANGRO K,LAUGASTE R,NGES P,et al. Long-term changes and seasonal development of phytoplankton in a strongly stratified,hypertrophic lake[J]. Hydrobiologia,2005,547(1):91-103.
[48]陈立婧,吴竹臣,胡忠军,等.上海崇明岛明珠湖浮游植物群落结构[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1599-1605.CHEN L J,WU Z C,HU Z J,et al. Phytoplankton community structure in Mingzhu Lake of Chongming Island,Shanghai[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1599-1605.
[49]顾谢军,徐东炯,蔡焕兴,等.洮滆水系湖库富营养化生态风险的特点与比较[J].环境监控与预警,2011,3(3):13-17.GU X J,XU D J,CAI H X,et al. Feature analysis and comparison on ecological risk of eutrophication in lakes and reservoir in Taoge river[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning,2011,3(3):13-17.
[50] NIXDORF B,MISCHKE U,RCKER J. Phytoplankton assemblages and steady state in deep and shallow eutrophic lakes-an approach to differentiate the habitat properties of Oscillatoriales[J]. Hydrobiologia,2003,502(1-3):111-121.
[51]林秋奇,韩博平.热带直流型水库蓝藻季节变化特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2007,15(2):152-159.LIN Q Q,HAN B P. Seasonal fluctuation of cyanobacteria population in tropical through-flowing reservoirs[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2007,15(2):152-159.
[52]夏品华,刘燕,薛飞,等.贵州百花湖水库浮游植物群落结构与季节变化[J].地球与环境,2012,40(2):179-187.XIA P H,LIU Y,XUE F,et al. Dynamics and structure of phytoplankton community in the Baihua reservoir,Guizhou[J].Earth and Environment,2012,40(2):179-187.
[53]林秋奇,雷腊梅,韩博平.南亚热带不同营养水平水库的蓝藻组成与动态[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1027-1033.LIN Q Q,LEI L M,HAN B P. Cyanophyta in south subtropical reservoirs with different trophic levels[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(7):1027-1033.
[54] OLIVER R L,GRANF G G. Freshwater Blooms[M]. In:Whitton B A,Potts M. The ecology of cyanobacteria. The Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2002,149-194.
[55]王勇.武汉大东湖浮游植物群落特征及水质评价[D].中国科学院水生生物研究所,2011.WANG Y. Phytoplankton assemblage characteristics and water quality assessment of lake Donghu district[D]. Institute of Hydrobiology,Chiense Academy of Sciences,2011.
[56]路学堂.东平湖浮游植物群落结构与驱动因子及蓝藻水华可能性研究[D].山东大学,2013.LU X T. The research on phytoplankton community,driving environmental factors and the possibility of cyanobacterial bloom in Dongping Lake,China[D]. Shandong University,2013.
[57] HAVENS K E,PHLIPS E J,CICHRA M F,et al. Light availability as a possible regulator of cyanobacteria species composition in a shallow subtropical lake[J]. Freshwater Biology,1998,39:547-556.
[58] VILLENA M J,ROMO S. Phytoplankton changes in a shallow Mediterranean lake(Albufera of Valencia,Spain)after sewage diversion[J]. Hydrobiologia,2003,506/509:281-287.
[59]朱生博,王岩,王小冬,等.不同放养和管理模式下三角帆蚌养殖水体中的浮游生物和初级生产力[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(3):401-407.ZHU S B,WANG Y,WANG X D,et al. Phytoplankton community and primary productivity in waters for culturing freshwater pearl mussel(Hyriopsis cumingii)under different stockings and management models[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(3):401-407.