南海近5年油气勘探进展与启示
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摘要
采用统计学方法对南海最新收集数据进行系统分析,并对典型油气田进行解剖,同时结合南海油气地质背景,对南海周边国家近5年油气勘探进展与趋势进行了系统分析,研究发现:(1)南海新发现油气藏主要分布于南海北部珠江口盆地、琼东南盆地、莺歌海盆地和南海中南部湄公、万安、曾母和文莱沙巴等盆地;(2)以三角洲、扇三角洲砂岩为储层的构造油气藏发现数量最多,但以深水沉积体为储层的岩性油气藏累计储量最大;(3)油气主要富集于中中新统,其次为上新统与上中新统。研究结果表明:(1)深水区已逐渐成为南海下一步勘探主战场和新增储量接替区;以深水沉积体为储层的岩性油气藏和以生物礁为储层的岩性油气藏已成为南海新增储量的主要贡献者。(2)直接位于源上或源侧的中新统生物礁是南海中南部盆地最为现实的勘探目标,前古近系潜山油气藏是南海西北部重要的潜在勘探目标;差异压实岩性体与上倾尖灭体是陆坡深水区深水沉积体相关油气藏的主要圈闭类型。
Data collection and analysis, investigation to typical oil and gas fields, and the exploration progress and trends of neighboring countries in recent five years have been carried out using statistical methods and based on the geological background in the South China Sea. The results show that:(1) The newly discovered oil and gas reservoirs are mainly distributed in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the Qiongdongnan Basin, the Yinggehai Basin in the northern South China sea and the Meigong Basin, Wan'an Basin, Zengmu Basin and BruneiSabah Basin in the central-southern South China Sea;(2) Structural reservoirs in delta and fan-delta sandstones account for the most, but lithologic reservoirs in deep-water sedimentary bodies contribute to the largest cumulative reserves; and(3) Oil and gas are mainly enriched in the Middle Miocene reservoirs, followed by the Upper Paleocene and Upper Miocene reservoirs. Specifically, the results show that:(1) Deepwater area has become the main exploration battlefield and reserve succeeding area; lithologic reservoirs accumulated in deep-water sedimentary bodies and those in organic reefs have become the main contributor to new reserves in the South China Sea.(2) The Miocene organic reefs directly on source or source side are the most realistic exploration target in the central-southern basins; the Pre-Paleogene buried hill reservoir is an important potential exploration target in the northwestern South China Sea; and the lithologic bodies formed by differential compaction and the updip pinchout bodies are main traps for reservoirs associated with deep-water sediments in the continental slope.
Data collection and analysis, investigation to typical oil and gas fields, and the exploration progress and trends of neighboring countries in recent five years have been carried out using statistical methods and based on the geological background in the South China Sea. The results show that:(1) The newly discovered oil and gas reservoirs are mainly distributed in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the Qiongdongnan Basin, the Yinggehai Basin in the northern South China sea and the Meigong Basin, Wan'an Basin, Zengmu Basin and BruneiSabah Basin in the central-southern South China Sea;(2) Structural reservoirs in delta and fan-delta sandstones account for the most, but lithologic reservoirs in deep-water sedimentary bodies contribute to the largest cumulative reserves; and(3) Oil and gas are mainly enriched in the Middle Miocene reservoirs, followed by the Upper Paleocene and Upper Miocene reservoirs. Specifically, the results show that:(1) Deepwater area has become the main exploration battlefield and reserve succeeding area; lithologic reservoirs accumulated in deep-water sedimentary bodies and those in organic reefs have become the main contributor to new reserves in the South China Sea.(2) The Miocene organic reefs directly on source or source side are the most realistic exploration target in the central-southern basins; the Pre-Paleogene buried hill reservoir is an important potential exploration target in the northwestern South China Sea; and the lithologic bodies formed by differential compaction and the updip pinchout bodies are main traps for reservoirs associated with deep-water sediments in the continental slope.
引文
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[7]Morley C K,King R,Hillis R,Tingay M,Backe G.Deepwater fold and thrust belt classification,tectonics,structure and hydrocarbon prospectivity:a review[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2011,104(1):41-91.
[8]宋洋,赵长煜,张功成,宋海斌,单竞男,陈林.南海北部珠江口与琼东南盆地构造-热模拟研究[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3057-3069.Song Yang,Zhao Changyu,Zhang Gongcheng,Song Haibin,Shan Jingnan,Chen Lin.Research on tectono-thermal modeling for Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin in the northern South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(12):3057-3069.
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[14]王振峰,孙志鹏,朱继田,郭明刚,江汝锋.南海西部深水区天然气地质与大气田重大发现[C].第十七届中国科协年会,2015.Wang Zhenfeng,Sun Zhipeng,Zhu Jitian,Guo Minggang,Jiang Rufeng.Natural gas geological characteristics and great discovery of large gas fields in deep water area of the western South China Sea[C].17th Annual Meeting of China Association for Science and Technology,2015.
[15]冯杨伟,张功成,屈红军.南海新生代生物礁发育规律与油气勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(6):18-25.Feng Yangwei,Zhang Gongcheng,Qu Hongjun.Development regularity and hydrocarbon exploration potential of Cenozoic reef reservoir,South China Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(6):18-25.
[16]郭佳,谢晓军,刘世翔,王一博,宋双,胡文博,等.南海曾母盆地新生代沉积体系特征[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(4):99-107.Guo Jia,Xie Xiaojun,Liu Shixiang,Wang Yibo,Song Shuang,Hu Wenbo,et al.Cenozoic sedimentary systems in Zengmu Basin,South China Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(4):99-107.
[17]刘世翔,张功成,赵志刚,谢晓军,王龙,宋双,等.南海构造旋回对曾母盆地油气成藏的控制作用[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):37-44.Liu Shixiang,Zhang Gongcheng,Zhao Zhigang,Xie Xiaojun,Wang Long,Song Shuang,et al.Control of tectonic cycle in South China Sea over hydrocarbon accumulation in the Zengmu Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(2):37-44.
[18]IHS.IHS oil&gas field,basin data[DB/OL].(2015-11-07)http www.ihs.com products oil-gas-information basins-data monitors.
[19]魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,朱永军,赵国春,李玉喜,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-252.Wei Xi,Deng Jinfu,Xie Wenyan,Zhu Yongjun,Zhao Guochun,Li Yuxi,et al.Constraints on biogenetic reef formation during evolution of the South China Sea and exploration potential analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers2005,12(3):245-252.
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