娟珊牛和荷斯坦牛泌乳性状的比较分析
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摘要
荷斯坦牛和娟珊牛作为目前分布广泛的主要奶牛品种,其泌乳性能各有优势。为了比较二者泌乳性能的差异,收集了江苏某大型牧场2015年9月至2016年12月间共25489条DHI记录,用多因素方差法分析不同胎次、泌乳阶段和产犊季节娟珊牛与荷斯坦牛泌乳性能的差异。结果表明:娟珊牛与荷斯坦牛泌乳性状之间存在极显著差异,娟珊牛乳脂率和蛋白率极显著高于荷斯坦牛,而荷斯坦牛产奶量相关性状(日产奶量、校正奶量、高峰奶量、305天奶量以及成年当量)极显著高于娟珊牛(P<0.01)。不同胎次、泌乳阶段和产犊季节娟珊牛和荷斯坦牛的泌乳性能比较结果总体上也符合上述趋势,但头胎娟珊牛校正奶量极显著高于头胎荷斯坦牛(P<0.01),三胎娟珊牛的高峰日极显著大于荷斯坦牛(P<0.01)。该结果表明娟珊牛和荷斯坦牛泌乳性能各有优势。
As the widely distributed main dairy cattle breeds,Jersey and Holstein have their own advantages in lactation performance.This study collected 25489 DHI production records from a big dairy farm in Jiangsu province from September 2015 to December 2016,and then Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences between Jersey and Holstein lactation performances for different parity,lactation stage and calving season.The results showed that:there were some significant differences between the Jersey and Holstein lactation performance,Jersey had significantly higher fat content and protein content than Holstein,and the traits about milk yield(test-day milk yield,corrected milk,peak milk yield,peak day,305-day milk yield and adult equivalent)of Holstein were significantly higher than Jersey(P<0.01).The comparison results between Jersey and Holstein lactation performance of different parity,lactation stage and calving season had the similar tendency.The difference was that the corrected milk quantity of the first born Jersey was significantly higher than that of Holstein,and the peak day of the third pregnant Jersey was significantly higher than that of the Holstein.The results show that both the Jersey and Holstein have their own advantages of lactation performance,which can provide a reference for the optimization breeding of dairy cattle and the selection of livestock breeds.
As the widely distributed main dairy cattle breeds,Jersey and Holstein have their own advantages in lactation performance.This study collected 25489 DHI production records from a big dairy farm in Jiangsu province from September 2015 to December 2016,and then Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences between Jersey and Holstein lactation performances for different parity,lactation stage and calving season.The results showed that:there were some significant differences between the Jersey and Holstein lactation performance,Jersey had significantly higher fat content and protein content than Holstein,and the traits about milk yield(test-day milk yield,corrected milk,peak milk yield,peak day,305-day milk yield and adult equivalent)of Holstein were significantly higher than Jersey(P<0.01).The comparison results between Jersey and Holstein lactation performance of different parity,lactation stage and calving season had the similar tendency.The difference was that the corrected milk quantity of the first born Jersey was significantly higher than that of Holstein,and the peak day of the third pregnant Jersey was significantly higher than that of the Holstein.The results show that both the Jersey and Holstein have their own advantages of lactation performance,which can provide a reference for the optimization breeding of dairy cattle and the selection of livestock breeds.
引文
[1]张明军,郝海生,朱化彬,等.娟姗牛——我国奶业生产重要的品种遗传资源[J].中国奶牛,2008(1):11-14.
[2]汪翔.娟姗牛--一个对荷斯坦牛提出挑战的奶牛品种[J].中国畜禽种业,2005(10):25-27.
[3]ANNE PERCHARD.The Jersey Cow-Its Importance in Jersey's Cultural and Economic Development[C]∥Presented as the Seventh Joan Stevens Memorial Lecture.13th Sept 1998in Trinity,Jersey,WJCB,1998.
[4]王阳,何剑斌.经产娟姗牛与中国荷斯坦牛初乳成分比较研究[J].现代畜牧兽医,2013(11):61-68.
[5]王荣.新西兰引进娟珊牛、荷斯坦奶牛与中国荷斯坦奶牛的抗病性比较[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[6]刘舜齐,冯文,徐小辉,等.娟姗牛在南方高温高湿环境下的生产性能分析[J].中国奶牛,2017(7):19-22.
[7]王洋,于静,王巍,等.娟姗牛品种特性及适应性饲养研究[J].中国奶牛,2011(11):47-48.
[8]韦欢,李铭,李秀良,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦牛X-性控冷冻精液试验研究效果分析[J].中国奶牛,2011(20):30-33.
[9]文信旺,黄香,李秀良,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦牛杂交一代的选育及生产性能观察初报[J].中国牛业科学,2011,37(1):26-28.
[10]赖景涛,李秀良,文信旺,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦杂种一代犊牛的观察报告[J].广西畜牧兽医,2010,26(2):106-107.
[11]赖景涛,磨考诗.浅谈娟姗牛[C]∥首届中国奶业大会.2010:165-166.
[12]吕海航.遗传和生理因素对奶牛产奶量的影响[J].养殖技术顾问,2013(6):49.
[13]王新燕,温万,脱征军,等.DHI报告解读及应用[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2016,37(5):75-78.
[14]张胜利,郑维韬,杨通广.奶牛DHI测定与牛群管理[C]//首届中国奶业科技发展论坛.2005:99-105.
[2]汪翔.娟姗牛--一个对荷斯坦牛提出挑战的奶牛品种[J].中国畜禽种业,2005(10):25-27.
[3]ANNE PERCHARD.The Jersey Cow-Its Importance in Jersey's Cultural and Economic Development[C]∥Presented as the Seventh Joan Stevens Memorial Lecture.13th Sept 1998in Trinity,Jersey,WJCB,1998.
[4]王阳,何剑斌.经产娟姗牛与中国荷斯坦牛初乳成分比较研究[J].现代畜牧兽医,2013(11):61-68.
[5]王荣.新西兰引进娟珊牛、荷斯坦奶牛与中国荷斯坦奶牛的抗病性比较[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012.
[6]刘舜齐,冯文,徐小辉,等.娟姗牛在南方高温高湿环境下的生产性能分析[J].中国奶牛,2017(7):19-22.
[7]王洋,于静,王巍,等.娟姗牛品种特性及适应性饲养研究[J].中国奶牛,2011(11):47-48.
[8]韦欢,李铭,李秀良,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦牛X-性控冷冻精液试验研究效果分析[J].中国奶牛,2011(20):30-33.
[9]文信旺,黄香,李秀良,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦牛杂交一代的选育及生产性能观察初报[J].中国牛业科学,2011,37(1):26-28.
[10]赖景涛,李秀良,文信旺,等.娟姗牛与荷斯坦杂种一代犊牛的观察报告[J].广西畜牧兽医,2010,26(2):106-107.
[11]赖景涛,磨考诗.浅谈娟姗牛[C]∥首届中国奶业大会.2010:165-166.
[12]吕海航.遗传和生理因素对奶牛产奶量的影响[J].养殖技术顾问,2013(6):49.
[13]王新燕,温万,脱征军,等.DHI报告解读及应用[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2016,37(5):75-78.
[14]张胜利,郑维韬,杨通广.奶牛DHI测定与牛群管理[C]//首届中国奶业科技发展论坛.2005:99-105.