高效促进番茄生长的生防木霉菌的筛选
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摘要
木霉既能够防治植物病害,还能促进植物生长,具有较高田间应用价值。为促进促生性木霉菌株的开发利用,以不同地区采集到的土壤和树皮样品中分离到的137株木霉菌株为参试菌株,利用平板对峙法初步筛选出对枯萎病菌、灰霉病菌拮抗效果较好的40株,根据菌株产滤纸酶活性、羧甲基纤维素酶活性、几丁质酶活性测定结果进一步复筛出20株木霉菌,用于温室试验效果评估。结果表明:在番茄上接种各木霉菌株的孢子悬浮液,接种后45d测量、比较各菌株对番茄促生效果,最终筛选出的7株木霉菌可明显提高番茄株高、增加茎粗和叶片叶绿素含量,具有高效促进番茄生长作用,鉴定结果显示其中4株为哈茨木霉,2株为深绿木霉,1株为未知木霉属菌株。
The activities of Trichoderma spp.to control plant diseases and promote plant growth,which are with high application values in field.In order to promote the development and utilization of growth-promoting Trichodermastrains,137 Trichodermastrains were isolated from soil and bark samples from different areas,and40 strains antagonistic against Fusarium Oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea were screened out from them.According to the abilities to secret cellulase,carboxymethyl cellulose enzyme and chitinase,20 strains were selected for green house experiment,in which tomatoes were inoculated with spore suspension of these 20 strains and efficiency of growth promoting were measured 45 days after treatments.The resuts showed that only 7strains increased shoot length,stem width and chlorophyll concentration of tomatoes treated significantly,which were identified as 4 Trichoderma harzianum,2 Trichoderma atroviride,and 1unknown Trichodermastrain.
The activities of Trichoderma spp.to control plant diseases and promote plant growth,which are with high application values in field.In order to promote the development and utilization of growth-promoting Trichodermastrains,137 Trichodermastrains were isolated from soil and bark samples from different areas,and40 strains antagonistic against Fusarium Oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea were screened out from them.According to the abilities to secret cellulase,carboxymethyl cellulose enzyme and chitinase,20 strains were selected for green house experiment,in which tomatoes were inoculated with spore suspension of these 20 strains and efficiency of growth promoting were measured 45 days after treatments.The resuts showed that only 7strains increased shoot length,stem width and chlorophyll concentration of tomatoes treated significantly,which were identified as 4 Trichoderma harzianum,2 Trichoderma atroviride,and 1unknown Trichodermastrain.
引文
[1]李琳,张雅梅,张祥辉,等.生防棘孢木霉菌株的分离筛选及其生物学特性[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(1):54-60.
[2]赵国其,林福呈,陈卫良.绿色木霉对西瓜枯萎病苗期的控制作用[J].浙江农业学报,1998,10(4):206-209.
[3]郎剑锋,孔凡彬,石明旺.哈茨木霉对7种植物病原菌的生防机制研究[J].河南科技学院学报,2013,41(5):32-35.
[4]张树武,刘佳,徐秉良,等.长枝木霉对禾谷胞囊线虫寄生和致死作用的显微观察及测定[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(10):2955-2960.
[5]王莉衡,柯杨,强毅,等.芦荟内生菌内生哈茨木霉LH-7对植物病原菌的抗性[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):1130-1136.
[6]张量,张敬泽.渐绿木霉抑菌物质的分离纯化及其对植物病原菌的抑制作用[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(5):882-888.
[7]王淑霞,张丽萍,黄亚丽,等.哈茨木霉Tr-92诱导黄瓜对灰霉病系统抗性的研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(2):242-247.
[8] Martinez M A,Fernandez I,Lok G B,et al.Shifting from priming of salicylic acid-to jasmonic acid-regulated defences by Trichodermaprotects tomato against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita[J].New Phytologist,2017,213(3):1363-1377.
[9]李松鹏,崔琳琳,程家森,等.两株哈茨木霉菌株防治水稻纹枯病及促进水稻生长的潜力研究[J].植物病理学报,2018,48(1):98-107.
[10]宿晓琳,马光恕,廉华,等.拟康氏木霉T886对黄瓜幼苗生长及枯萎病防效的研究[J].现代化农业,2018(5):38-40.
[11]刘云龙,何永宏,张旭东.哈茨木霉对辣椒生长的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,2002,17(4):345-346.
[12] Avni A,Bailey B A,Mattoo A K,et al.Induction of ethylene biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum by aTrichoderma viride xylanase is correlated to the accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropance 1-carboxylic acid(ACC)synthesis and ACC oxidase transcripts[J].Plant Physiology,1994,6:1049-1055.
[13]焦琮,路丙声.康氏木霉制剂对棉花和菜豆幼苗几个生理指标的影响[J].中国生物防治,1995,11(1):30-32.
[14] Bi8rkman T,Blanchard L M,Harman G E.Growth enhancement of shrunken-22(sh2)sweet corn by Trichoderma harzianum1295-22:Effect of environmental stress[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1998,123:35-40.
[15] Calvet C,Pera J M.Growth response of marigold to inoculation with Glomus mosseae,Trichoderma aureoviride and Pythium ultimumin a peat-perlite mixyure[J].Plant Soil,1993,148:1-6.
[16]古丽君,徐秉良,梁巧兰,等.生防木霉对草坪土壤微生物区系的影响及定殖能力研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(3):321-326.
[17]李志国,霍璐阳,刘宇彤,等.短密木霉、咪唑乙烟酸和种植大豆对土壤真菌多样性及农药残留的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(3):87-90.
[18] Bell D K,Wells H D,Markham C R.In vitro antagonism of Trichodermaspecies against fungal pathogens[J].Phytopathlogy,1982,72:379-382.
[19]肖湲,李俊,谢伟国,等.不同条件对木霉生长和纤维素酶酶活的影响[J].湖南农业科学.2013(3):19-21,25.
[20]李伟格,李美同,苏晓鸥,等.饲料添加剂分析:美国全国饲料协会(NFIA)分析方法概要[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1998.
[21]陶刚,刘杏忠,王革,等.产几丁质酶木霉生防菌株的生化测定[J].西南农业学报.2005,18(4):452-455.
[22]荣华,夏岩石,刘顺枝,等.改进的CTAB提取植物DNA方法[J].实验室研究与探索,2009(9):14-16.
[23]陆宁海,吴利民,田雪亮,等.哈茨木霉对番茄幼苗促生作用机理的初步研究[J].西北农业学报,2007(6):192-194.
[24]张树武,徐秉良,程玲娟,等.深绿木霉对白三叶草促生作用及生理生化特性的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):161-167.
[2]赵国其,林福呈,陈卫良.绿色木霉对西瓜枯萎病苗期的控制作用[J].浙江农业学报,1998,10(4):206-209.
[3]郎剑锋,孔凡彬,石明旺.哈茨木霉对7种植物病原菌的生防机制研究[J].河南科技学院学报,2013,41(5):32-35.
[4]张树武,刘佳,徐秉良,等.长枝木霉对禾谷胞囊线虫寄生和致死作用的显微观察及测定[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(10):2955-2960.
[5]王莉衡,柯杨,强毅,等.芦荟内生菌内生哈茨木霉LH-7对植物病原菌的抗性[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(4):1130-1136.
[6]张量,张敬泽.渐绿木霉抑菌物质的分离纯化及其对植物病原菌的抑制作用[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(5):882-888.
[7]王淑霞,张丽萍,黄亚丽,等.哈茨木霉Tr-92诱导黄瓜对灰霉病系统抗性的研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(2):242-247.
[8] Martinez M A,Fernandez I,Lok G B,et al.Shifting from priming of salicylic acid-to jasmonic acid-regulated defences by Trichodermaprotects tomato against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita[J].New Phytologist,2017,213(3):1363-1377.
[9]李松鹏,崔琳琳,程家森,等.两株哈茨木霉菌株防治水稻纹枯病及促进水稻生长的潜力研究[J].植物病理学报,2018,48(1):98-107.
[10]宿晓琳,马光恕,廉华,等.拟康氏木霉T886对黄瓜幼苗生长及枯萎病防效的研究[J].现代化农业,2018(5):38-40.
[11]刘云龙,何永宏,张旭东.哈茨木霉对辣椒生长的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,2002,17(4):345-346.
[12] Avni A,Bailey B A,Mattoo A K,et al.Induction of ethylene biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum by aTrichoderma viride xylanase is correlated to the accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropance 1-carboxylic acid(ACC)synthesis and ACC oxidase transcripts[J].Plant Physiology,1994,6:1049-1055.
[13]焦琮,路丙声.康氏木霉制剂对棉花和菜豆幼苗几个生理指标的影响[J].中国生物防治,1995,11(1):30-32.
[14] Bi8rkman T,Blanchard L M,Harman G E.Growth enhancement of shrunken-22(sh2)sweet corn by Trichoderma harzianum1295-22:Effect of environmental stress[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,1998,123:35-40.
[15] Calvet C,Pera J M.Growth response of marigold to inoculation with Glomus mosseae,Trichoderma aureoviride and Pythium ultimumin a peat-perlite mixyure[J].Plant Soil,1993,148:1-6.
[16]古丽君,徐秉良,梁巧兰,等.生防木霉对草坪土壤微生物区系的影响及定殖能力研究[J].草业学报,2013,22(3):321-326.
[17]李志国,霍璐阳,刘宇彤,等.短密木霉、咪唑乙烟酸和种植大豆对土壤真菌多样性及农药残留的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(3):87-90.
[18] Bell D K,Wells H D,Markham C R.In vitro antagonism of Trichodermaspecies against fungal pathogens[J].Phytopathlogy,1982,72:379-382.
[19]肖湲,李俊,谢伟国,等.不同条件对木霉生长和纤维素酶酶活的影响[J].湖南农业科学.2013(3):19-21,25.
[20]李伟格,李美同,苏晓鸥,等.饲料添加剂分析:美国全国饲料协会(NFIA)分析方法概要[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1998.
[21]陶刚,刘杏忠,王革,等.产几丁质酶木霉生防菌株的生化测定[J].西南农业学报.2005,18(4):452-455.
[22]荣华,夏岩石,刘顺枝,等.改进的CTAB提取植物DNA方法[J].实验室研究与探索,2009(9):14-16.
[23]陆宁海,吴利民,田雪亮,等.哈茨木霉对番茄幼苗促生作用机理的初步研究[J].西北农业学报,2007(6):192-194.
[24]张树武,徐秉良,程玲娟,等.深绿木霉对白三叶草促生作用及生理生化特性的影响[J].草业学报,2015,24(2):161-167.