CaCl_2作为造孔剂制备泡沫青铜的结构和力学性能
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摘要
以青铜粉为原料、CaCl_2为造孔剂,采用粉末烧结溶解法制备开孔泡沫青铜。通过改变造孔剂体积分数和粒径成功制备出孔隙率为70%~90%,孔径1~3mm的泡沫青铜试样。研究了孔隙率和造孔剂的关系以及孔隙率、孔径对泡沫试样力学性能的影响,并对其孔结构,相组成和微观形貌进行观察和分析。结果表明:泡沫青铜试样的塑性屈服平台应力随孔隙率增加而减小,当孔隙率为77%~89%时,对应塑性屈服平台应力为12.6~2.6MPa。当应变量为50%时,孔隙率为77%~89%的泡沫青铜单位体积能量吸收值(W)范围为6.21~0.91MJ/m~3。试样的理想吸能效率(I)都接近0.82,说明泡沫青铜可以作为一种理想的吸能材料。
Open cell bronze foams were fabricated by sintering and dissolution process(SDP),with bronze powder as the starting material and calcium chloride as the space holder.The bronze foams with porosity ranging from 70%to 90%,and cell size from 1 to 3 mm were produced by varying the volume fraction and the size of the space holder.The relation between the volume fraction of the space holder and the porosity of bronze foams was investigated,and the effects of porosity and pore size on the mechanical properties of bronze foams were also studied.The pore structure,phase composition and microstructure of bronze foams were analyzed.The results show that plateau stress of bronze foams increases with the decrease of porosity,and it is in the range from 12.6 to 2.6 MPa with the porosity between 77%and89%.The energy absorption per unit volume(W)of bronze foams with the porosity between 77%and 89%is in the range of 6.21~0.91MJ/m~3 when the strain is 50%.The maximum ideality energy absorption efficiency is about 0.82.All the results indicate that the bronze foam is a kind of energy absorption material.
Open cell bronze foams were fabricated by sintering and dissolution process(SDP),with bronze powder as the starting material and calcium chloride as the space holder.The bronze foams with porosity ranging from 70%to 90%,and cell size from 1 to 3 mm were produced by varying the volume fraction and the size of the space holder.The relation between the volume fraction of the space holder and the porosity of bronze foams was investigated,and the effects of porosity and pore size on the mechanical properties of bronze foams were also studied.The pore structure,phase composition and microstructure of bronze foams were analyzed.The results show that plateau stress of bronze foams increases with the decrease of porosity,and it is in the range from 12.6 to 2.6 MPa with the porosity between 77%and89%.The energy absorption per unit volume(W)of bronze foams with the porosity between 77%and 89%is in the range of 6.21~0.91MJ/m~3 when the strain is 50%.The maximum ideality energy absorption efficiency is about 0.82.All the results indicate that the bronze foam is a kind of energy absorption material.
引文
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[3]Nam D H,Kim R H,Han D W et al.Electrochimica Acta[J],2012,66:126
[4]Ji K J,Xu C,Zhao H H et al.Journal of Power Sources[J],2014,248:307
[5]Zhang Qiuli(张秋利),Yang Zhimao(杨志懋),Ding Bingjun(丁秉钧).Nonferrous Metals(有色金属)[J],2009,61(1):30
[6]Xiao Jian(肖建),Qiu Guibao(邱贵宝),Liao Yilong(廖益龙)et al.Rare Metal Materials and Engineering(稀有金属材料与工程)[J],2015,44(7):1724
[7]Du H,Qi J Z,Du S Q et al.Journal of Materials Processing Technology[J],2010,210(11):1523
[8]Chen Wenge(陈文革),Luo Qiwen(罗启文),Zhang Qiang(张强)et al.Materials For Mechanical Engineering(机械工程材料)[J],2007,31(7):42
[9]Wu Cheng(吴成),Qiao Guanjun(乔冠军),Wang Hongjie(王红洁)et al.Rare Metal Materials and Engineering(稀有金属材料与工程)[J],2009,38(4):722
[10]Zhao Y Y,Sun D X.Scripta Materialia[J],2001,44(1):105
[11]Wang Qingzhou(王清周),Li Nuo(李诺),Wang Qian(王倩)et al.Materials For Mechanical Engineering(机械工程材料)[J],2011,35(4):53
[12]Zhao Y Y,Fung T,Zhang L P et al.Scripta Materialia[J],2005,52(4):295
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[14]Bekoz N,Oktay E.Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2013,576:82
[15]Aydo?mu?T,Bor S.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2009,478(1-2):705
[16]Ashby M F,Evans A G,Gibson L J et al.Metal Foams:A Design Guide[M].Oxford,UK:Butterworth-Heinemann Press,2000:53
[17]Yu Haijun,Guo Zhiqiang,Li Bing et al.Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2007,454-455:542
[18]Miltz J,Gruenbaum G.Polymer Engineering and Science[J],1981,21(15):1010