基于灰色系统理论的隔热件成形优化
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摘要
通过对压边力、摩擦系数、锁模力和拉延筋高度等影响零件成形质量的参数进行正交试验,设计多组试验方案,获得成形零件的最大减薄率和成形力;基于灰色系统理论,计算目标函数的关联系数和关联度,将多目标函数通过关联度值转换为单目标函数的问题。通过灰色系统理论对成形工艺参数进行优化,获得了优化工艺参数组合。以压边力为210 k N、摩擦系数为0.08、锁模力为340 k N以及拉延筋高度为3 mm,在JH21-315B压力机上进行试验,结果显示,最大减薄率得到控制,隔热件成形质量得到提高,与此同时,验证了上述成形工艺参数组合和灰色系统理论优化的可行性。
Test schemes were designed for the main factors( blank holder force,friction coefficient,mold clamping force and depth) affecting the forming quality by orthogonal experiment to obtain the data of the maximum thinning ratio and forming force. Based on the grey system theory,the correlation coefficient and correlation of objective function were calculated,and the multi-objective function was changed into the single objective function with relevancy conversion. The optimized process parameters combination was obtained by optimizing the process parameters with grey system theory. The experiment was conducted on the JH21-315 B press machine under the condition of the blank holder force 210 k N,the friction coefficient 0. 08,the mould clamping force 340 k N and the depth 3 mm. Results show that the forming quality is optimized and the maximum thinning ratio is controlled,which verfies the feasibility of the forming process parameters combination and the grey system theory optimization.
Test schemes were designed for the main factors( blank holder force,friction coefficient,mold clamping force and depth) affecting the forming quality by orthogonal experiment to obtain the data of the maximum thinning ratio and forming force. Based on the grey system theory,the correlation coefficient and correlation of objective function were calculated,and the multi-objective function was changed into the single objective function with relevancy conversion. The optimized process parameters combination was obtained by optimizing the process parameters with grey system theory. The experiment was conducted on the JH21-315 B press machine under the condition of the blank holder force 210 k N,the friction coefficient 0. 08,the mould clamping force 340 k N and the depth 3 mm. Results show that the forming quality is optimized and the maximum thinning ratio is controlled,which verfies the feasibility of the forming process parameters combination and the grey system theory optimization.
引文
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[15]TRIVED H V,SINGH J K.Application of grey theory idevelopment of a run off prediction model[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,92(4):521-526.
[2]李光耀,王琥,杨旭静,等.板料冲压成形工艺与模具设计制造中的若干前沿技术[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(10):31-39.LI Guangyao,WANG Hu,YANG Xujing,et al.Some new topics on process design and mould manufacture for sheet metal forming[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(10):31-39.
[3]海争平,杨志红.基于ABAQUS的汽车板材成形性能及变形规律研究[J].锻压技术,2016,41(6):26-31.HAI Zhengping,YANG Zhihong.Research on forming property and deformation regulation for automobile metal sheets based on ABAQUS[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(6):26-31.
[4]赵茂俞,薛克敏,李萍.多目标质量的覆盖件成形工艺参数优化[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(8):276-282.ZHAO Maoyu,XUE Kemin,LI Ping.Panel forming process parameters optimization of multi-objective quality[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(8):276-282.
[5]苏春健,于涛.金属板材成形分析及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011.SU Chunjian,YU Tao.Sheet metal forming analysis and application[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2011.
[6]马立勇,颜景润,张永清,等.基于灰色系统理论的7075铝合金板材疲劳寿命研究[J].锻压技术,2017,42(7):173-176.MA Liyong,YAN Jingrun,ZHANG Yongqing,et al.Study on fatigue life of aluminum alloy 7075 sheet based on grey system theory[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(7):173-176.
[7]孟凡芳,徐凯,宋慧,等.基于CAD/CAE的汽车覆盖件拉延模设计[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):98-100.MENG Fanfang,XU Kai,SONG Hui,et al.Drawing die design of automobile panel based on CAD/CAE[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):98-100.
[8]苏春建,王薛滔,王清,等.变压边力协同可控拉深筋技术控制钣金回弹[J].塑性工程学报,2015,22(6):47-51.SU Chunjian,WANG Xuetao,WANG Qing,et al.Sheet metal springback control by variable blank holder force and controllable drawbead[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2015,22(6):47-51.
[9]陈龙,黄璞,王炯,等.基于正交实验和灰色系统理论的拼焊板前纵梁成形优化[J].塑性工程学报,2012,19(4):1-5.CHEN Long,HUANG Pu,WANG Jiong,et al.Optimization of tailor-welded front longitudinal forming based on orthogonal experiment and grey system theory[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2012,19(4):1-5.
[10]赵茂俞,薛克敏,李萍.基于灰色系统理论的铝合金覆盖件成形优化模拟[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(10):207-210.ZHAO Maoyu,XUE Kemin,LI Ping.Simulation aluminum alloy auto panel optimization forming based on the grey system theory[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(10):207-210.
[11]邓聚龙.灰色控制系统[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,1993.DENG Julong.Control problem of grey systems[M].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science Technology Press,1993.
[12]HUANG S J,CHIU N H,CHEN L W.Integration of the grey relational analysis with genetic algorithm for software effort estimation[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2008,188(3):898-909.
[13]MALE A T,CHEN Y W,LI P J,et al.Comparison of technology of forming the sheet metal by numerical simulations[J].Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering,2006,17(1):115-116.
[14]谷珊珊,刁可山,李言波,等.汽车用6016铝板拉深试验及有限元研究[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):126-130.GU Shanshan,DIAO Keshan,LI Yanbo,et al.Experimental and numerical investigations on the drawing performance of automotive aluminum sheet 6016[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):126-130.
[15]TRIVED H V,SINGH J K.Application of grey theory idevelopment of a run off prediction model[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,92(4):521-526.