姜黄植物不同发育阶段根茎中姜黄素类和萜类代谢物的积累和合成研究
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摘要
药用植物药效活性物质的动态积累规律无论在药材生产应用还是药用成分形成的遗传机制等基础研究方面都具有重要价值,对于指导药材采收及生物合成途径解析中实验材料选择、候选基因筛选至关重要。姜黄素类代谢物和萜类代谢物是植物姜黄的药效活性成分,为了分析植物姜黄根茎中这两类代谢物的合成旺盛时期,该研究以叶丛期、根茎膨大期和干物质积累期植物姜黄的根茎为实验材料,分析了3个发育时期的代谢变化和转录变化。结果表明,叶丛期萜类代谢物含量较高,多个与萜类生物合成相关的关键催化酶基因表达最高,干物质积累期姜黄素类代谢物含量较高,与姜黄素类代谢物合成的关键酶基因表达最高。因而,叶丛期萜类代谢物合成最旺盛,干物质积累期姜黄素类代谢物合成水平最高。该研究通过比较转录组和代谢组深入分析植物姜黄根茎姜黄素类和萜类代谢合成规律,为药材生产应用提供参考,为这些代谢物的生物合成提供研究基础。
The dynamic accumulation rule of active substances in medicinal plants is of great value not only for medicinal material production and application,but also for the genetic mechanism study on the formation of medicinal ingredients,especially vital to guide medicinal material collection as well as experiment material selection and candidate gene screening in the analysis of biosynthesis pathway. This study investigated the accumulation of curcumins and terpenoids,and the biosynthesis of these metabolites,which are the active metabolites in Curcuma longa,a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Rhizoma of C. longa from leaf growing period,rhizome swelling period and dry matter accumulating period were used as experimental materials,to analyze the changes of metabolites and biosynthesis in the three periods by comparative transcriptome and metabolomes analysis.The results indicated that terpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in leaf growing period,while curcumin accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in dry matter accumulating period. Therefore,we suggested that turmeric rhizomes in leaf growth period were suitable for terpenoids biosynthetic pathway characterization,and rhizome in accumulation of dry matter period was suitable for curcuminoid biosynthesis pathway characterization. This study provides references for medicinal materialproduction and application,as well as biopathway analysis of active compounds for C. longa.
The dynamic accumulation rule of active substances in medicinal plants is of great value not only for medicinal material production and application,but also for the genetic mechanism study on the formation of medicinal ingredients,especially vital to guide medicinal material collection as well as experiment material selection and candidate gene screening in the analysis of biosynthesis pathway. This study investigated the accumulation of curcumins and terpenoids,and the biosynthesis of these metabolites,which are the active metabolites in Curcuma longa,a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Rhizoma of C. longa from leaf growing period,rhizome swelling period and dry matter accumulating period were used as experimental materials,to analyze the changes of metabolites and biosynthesis in the three periods by comparative transcriptome and metabolomes analysis.The results indicated that terpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in leaf growing period,while curcumin accumulation and biosynthesis mainly occurred in dry matter accumulating period. Therefore,we suggested that turmeric rhizomes in leaf growth period were suitable for terpenoids biosynthetic pathway characterization,and rhizome in accumulation of dry matter period was suitable for curcuminoid biosynthesis pathway characterization. This study provides references for medicinal materialproduction and application,as well as biopathway analysis of active compounds for C. longa.
引文
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[13] Li S. Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric(Curcuma longa L.)[J]. Phytochemistry,2011,5(1):28.
[14] Katsuyama Y,Kita T,Funa N,et al. Curcuminoid biosynthesis by two typeⅢpolyketide synthases in the herb Curcuma longa[J].J Biol Chem,2009,284(17):11160.
[2]黄辉锋,郑彩娟,陈光英,等.莪术油与药渣残油的化学成分和抗菌活性比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(20):67.
[3] Guo J,Zhou Y J,Hillwig M L,et al. CYP76AH1 catalyzes turnover of miltiradiene in tanshinones biosynthesis and enables heterologous production of ferruginol in yeasts[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2013,110(29):12108.
[4] Helms A M,De Moraes C M. Identification of an insectproduced olfactory cue that primes plant defenses[J]. Nat Commun,2017,8(1):337.
[5]陈旭,曾建红.广西道地产区莪术挥发油及主要成分含量影响因素的考察[J].华夏医学,2008,21(4):603.
[6]陶正明,吴志刚,黄品湖,等.温郁金生长规律研究[J].中国中药杂志,2007,32(20):2110.
[7] Kim H K,Choi Y H,Verpoorte R. NMR-based metabolomic analysis of plants[J]. Nat Protoc,2010,5(3):536.
[8] Grabherr M G,Haas B J,Yassour M,et al. Full-length transcriptome assembly from RNA-Seq data without a reference genome[J]. Nature biotechnol,2011,29(7):644.
[9] Eriksson L,Johansson E,Antti H,et al. multi-and megavariate data analysised part 1:basic priciples and applications. part 1,2[M]. Umea:Umetrics AB,2001:208.
[10] Rai A,Saito K,Yamazaki M. Integrated omics analysis of specialized metabolism in medicinal plants[J]. Plant J,2017,90(4):764.
[11]李青苗,张春梅,张美,等.黄丝郁金生长发育及干物质积累规律研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(6):621.
[12] Block A K,Hunter C T,Rering C,et al. Contrasting insect attraction and herbivore-induced plant volatile production in maize[J]. Planta,2018,248(1):105.
[13] Li S. Chemical composition and product quality control of turmeric(Curcuma longa L.)[J]. Phytochemistry,2011,5(1):28.
[14] Katsuyama Y,Kita T,Funa N,et al. Curcuminoid biosynthesis by two typeⅢpolyketide synthases in the herb Curcuma longa[J].J Biol Chem,2009,284(17):11160.