电渣重熔用中氟渣配渣方式对熔点测定的影响
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摘要
对相同成分不同配渣方式的电渣重熔用炉渣试样采用半球法测定的熔点存在差异的原因进行了研究,以期对进一步深入了解含氟渣系升温过程中的特点、熔点测定试验以及电渣制备工艺提供参考。对预熔渣和相同成分的化学纯试剂配制渣样进行了半球法熔点测定和热重分析,并对两种渣参照熔点测定的气氛及升温速度等进行了煅烧,对烧后的试样进行了物相检测分析(XRD及SEM)。结果表明,两组试样平均熔点差异为72℃,在测定的升温过程中有明显的失重现象,其中化学纯试剂配制试样的失重(7.79%)明显大于预熔渣(1.11%)。失重主要源于高温过程CaF_2的挥发。氟化钙挥发引起炉渣成分变化,进而导致物相变化,化学纯试样熔后冷却样含有大量的枪晶石和尖晶石等高熔点物质,而预熔渣熔后冷却样存在大量黄长石、二铝酸钙等低熔点相。因此,两组炉渣在测定中的挥发量不同,引起试样后期成分差异是熔点差异的主要原因。
The reasons of the difference in melting point measured by hemispherical method is studied for samples of slag for electroslag remelting with the same composition and different modes of slag matching,in order to further understand the characteristics of fluorine slag system during heating,melting point determination experiment and electroslag preparation process to provide reference. Hemispherical melting point measurement and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out on pre-melting slag and the slag with the same chemical composition made from chemical pure reagent.The two kinds of slag were calcined in the same condition as the melting point measurement,and the phase analysis were carried out for the calcined samples. The results showed that the average melting point difference between the two groups was about 72 ℃,and there was a significant weightloss during the heating process. The weight loss of the samples prepared by chemical pure reagent(7.79%)was significantly higher than that of the premelting slag(1.11%).Weightloss mainly originates from the volatilization of CaF_2 in the process of high temperature. Calcium fluoride volatilization caused slag composition change,resulting in phase change. Cooling sample from chemical pure agent after melting contains a large amount of cuspidine and spinel,which are high melting point materials. Cooling sample from premelting slag after melting contains a lot of melilite and two calcium aluminate,which are low melting point phases.Therefore,the main reason of the difference in melting point among slag samples with the same composition and different modes of slag matching is that the volatilization of the two groups of slag is different,leading to the difference in the chemical composition and phases,and as a result,the difference in melting point.
The reasons of the difference in melting point measured by hemispherical method is studied for samples of slag for electroslag remelting with the same composition and different modes of slag matching,in order to further understand the characteristics of fluorine slag system during heating,melting point determination experiment and electroslag preparation process to provide reference. Hemispherical melting point measurement and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out on pre-melting slag and the slag with the same chemical composition made from chemical pure reagent.The two kinds of slag were calcined in the same condition as the melting point measurement,and the phase analysis were carried out for the calcined samples. The results showed that the average melting point difference between the two groups was about 72 ℃,and there was a significant weightloss during the heating process. The weight loss of the samples prepared by chemical pure reagent(7.79%)was significantly higher than that of the premelting slag(1.11%).Weightloss mainly originates from the volatilization of CaF_2 in the process of high temperature. Calcium fluoride volatilization caused slag composition change,resulting in phase change. Cooling sample from chemical pure agent after melting contains a large amount of cuspidine and spinel,which are high melting point materials. Cooling sample from premelting slag after melting contains a lot of melilite and two calcium aluminate,which are low melting point phases.Therefore,the main reason of the difference in melting point among slag samples with the same composition and different modes of slag matching is that the volatilization of the two groups of slag is different,leading to the difference in the chemical composition and phases,and as a result,the difference in melting point.
引文
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[2]陈艳梅,赵俊学,樊军,等.电渣重熔过程中渣成分变化的研究[J].特殊钢,2010,31(6):7.(CHEN Yan-mei,ZHAO Junxue,FAN Jun,et al.A study on variations of slag ingredient during electroslag remelting proces[J].Special Process,2010,31(6):7.)
[3]赵俊学,葛蓓蕾,崔雅茹.含易挥发组元炉渣的高温性能检测[J].工业加热,2016,45(2):12.(ZHAO Jun-xue,GE Bei-lei,CUI Ya-ru,et al.High temperature properties measurement of slag with higher volatile content[J].Industrial Heating,2016,45(2):12.)
[4]茅洪祥,胡汉涛,马国军,等.连铸保护渣对环境的氟污染及其对策[J].炼钢,1999,15(3):41.(MAO Hong-xiang,HU Han-tao,MA Guo-jun,et al.Contamination of fluorine in CC mould powder to environment and countermeasures[J].SteeingMaking,1999,15(3):41.)
[5]李正邦.电渣冶金的理论与实践[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010.(LI Zheng-bang.Electroslag Metallurgy Theory and Practice[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2010.)
[6]宋惠东,李晶,史成斌,等.8Cr13Mo V钢电渣重熔过程中夹杂物行为[J].钢铁,2016,51(8):41.(SONG Hui-dong,LI Jing,SHI Cheng-bin,et al.Evolution of inclusions in 8Cr13Mo V steel during ESR process[J].Iron and Steel,2016,51(8):41.)
[7]孙常亮,周伟基,李涛,等.电渣重熔轴承钢中的硅元素烧损的控制[J].中国冶金,2015,25(6):28.(SUN Chang-liang,ZHOU Wei-ji,LI Tao,et al.Control of silicon element in bearing steel during electroslag remelting[J].China Metallurgy,2015,25(6):28.)
[8]李星,耿鑫,姜周华,等.电渣重熔高温合金渣系对冶金质量的影响[J].钢铁,2015,50(9):41.(LI Xing,GENG Xin,JIANG Zhou-hua,et al.Influences of slag system on metallurgical quality for high temperature alloy by electroslag remelting[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(9):41.)
[9]张晨,刘世洲,王文忠.Ca O-Si O2-Ca F2三元渣系的挥发率[J].钢铁研究学报,1998,10(6):16.(ZHANG Chen,LIU Shizhou,WANG Wen-zhong.Volatility of ternary flux Ca O-Si O2-Ca F2[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,1998,10(6):16.)
[10]陈艳梅,赵俊学,路晓涛,等.Ca F2渣系失重与成分变化的试验研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2010,22(12):11.(CHEN Yanmei,ZHAO Jun-xue,LU Xiao-tao,et al.Experimental study on weight loss and compositional variations of slag system bearing bearing Ca F2[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2010,22(12):11.)
[11]巨建涛,吕振林,焦志远,等.Ca F2-Si O2-Ca O渣系的非等温挥发行为[J].过程工程学报,2012,12(4):618.(JU Jian-tao,LüZhen-lin,JIAO Zhi-yuan,et al.Non-isothermal analysis on the evaporation behavior of Ca F2-Si O2-Ca O system slag[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2012,12(4):618.
[12]郭子亮,崔雅茹,赵俊学,等.高铅渣物理化学性能测定的偏差规律[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2016,39(1):47.(GUO Ziliang,CUI Ya-ru,ZHAO Jun-xue,et al.Deviation prediction on physicochemical properties of high-lead slag[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2016,39(1):47.)
[13]陈艳梅,赵俊学.电渣冶金过程炉渣成分变化及其影响研究[J].工业加热,2014,43(3):23.(CHEN Yan-mei,ZHAO Junxue.Study on slag chemical composition change and its influence during ESR process[J].Industrial Heating,2014,43(3):23.)
[14]郭子亮.含铅渣、含氟保护渣性能测定偏差规律研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2017.(GOU Zi-liang.Deviation on Physical Chemical Properties of Lead-Containing Residue and Fluorine-Containing Mould Flux[D].Xi'an:Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,2017.)