保山市冬马铃薯氮磷钾肥料效应研究
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摘要
保山市冬马铃薯生产中普遍存在氮肥用量偏高、磷钾肥施用不足的现象,探究该区域冬马铃薯高产施肥方案具有重要意义。采用二次正交旋转组合设计,建立氮磷钾肥料效应函数模型,通过频率分析得到高产施肥方案。结果表明:保山市冬马铃薯肥料效应函数模型为Y=11 507.21+28.136N+25.759P+13.841K,目标产量>30 000 kg/hm~2的施肥方案为N 376.4~422.5 kg/hm~2、P2O5122.8~177.5 kg/hm~2、K2O407.3~514.3 kg/hm~2,氮、磷、钾施肥比例为1∶0.38∶1.15。氮磷钾配施能显著提高马铃薯产量,且氮肥、磷肥和钾肥的增产效应均达到了极显著水平,增产效应顺序为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥。
Higher amount of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient P and K fertilizer were widespread in winter potato production in Baoshan. It is significant to get the fertilization model for high yield of winter potato. Using quadratic orthogonal rotation design,the function model of N,P and K fertilizer effects was set up, and the fertilization scheme for high yield was get by frequency analysis. The results showed that the function model was Y =11 507.21 +28.136 N +25.759 P +13.841 K. When the target yield was more than 30 000 kg/hm~2,the fertilizer scheme was N 376.4-422.5 kg/hm~2,P2 O5122.8-177.5 kg/hm~2 and K2 O 407.3-514.3 kg/hm~2,and the ratio of N,P and K was 1 ∶0.38∶1.15. The combined application of N,P and K fertilizers could increase the potato yield significantly, the yield increasing effect of N,P and K fertilizers reached significantly level,and the order of fertilizer effect was N>P>K.
Higher amount of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient P and K fertilizer were widespread in winter potato production in Baoshan. It is significant to get the fertilization model for high yield of winter potato. Using quadratic orthogonal rotation design,the function model of N,P and K fertilizer effects was set up, and the fertilization scheme for high yield was get by frequency analysis. The results showed that the function model was Y =11 507.21 +28.136 N +25.759 P +13.841 K. When the target yield was more than 30 000 kg/hm~2,the fertilizer scheme was N 376.4-422.5 kg/hm~2,P2 O5122.8-177.5 kg/hm~2 and K2 O 407.3-514.3 kg/hm~2,and the ratio of N,P and K was 1 ∶0.38∶1.15. The combined application of N,P and K fertilizers could increase the potato yield significantly, the yield increasing effect of N,P and K fertilizers reached significantly level,and the order of fertilizer effect was N>P>K.
引文
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[2]杨玉珠,段海春.保山市隆阳区冬马铃薯生产现状及建议[J].现代农业科技,2015,(15):114-115.
[3]甫国嵩,李普林,田学礼,罗成宇.保山市隆阳区杨柳乡马铃薯种薯繁育现状及发展对策[J].现代农业科技,2012,(10):142-143.
[4]全国土壤普查办公室.中国土壤[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[5]NY/T 497—2002,肥料效应鉴定田间试验技术规程[S].
[6]武占会,高志奎,毛学英,李静,杨海波.应用Excel计算正交旋转组合设计回归方程[J].计算机与农业,2000,(12):17-18.
[7]童成立,贺喜全,盛良学.农业试验中正交旋转回归设计分析模型[J].农业网络信息,2000,(10):16-20.
[8]李洪文,叶和生,李保华,李春莲,施文发,郭家军,马云,李锡芝.田间肥效试验数据的频率分析和施肥决策[J].中国农学通报,2015,(5):132-138.
[9]蒋之埙,黄仲青.关于二次正交旋转组合设计试验数据的中心点处理法[J].安徽农学院学报,1989,(4):290-295.