中低温煤热解技术研究进展及产业化方向
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摘要
为了推进煤热解技术的快速发展,阐述了热解技术的特点和发展现状,针对热解技术尚存的关键问题,提出了相应的解决方法,并对煤热解未来发展方向进行展望。煤热解技术具有过程清洁高效、产品优质多元、资源价值最大化等优势,是实现煤炭资源由燃料向原料和燃料并重转变的有效途径。从原理、技术、产品结构及品质、经济和环保5方面进行分析,说明低阶煤适合作为热解原料,且以热解技术为龙头的分质利用技术有望成为推动现代煤化工进一步发展的新引擎。最后提出热解技术未来从以下4方面发展:实现热解产物清洁化、商品化、高附加值化,提升装备规模及自控系统集成水平,热解产物可调节性与现代煤化工和石油化工体系实现有机融合,加大配套环保节能技术的应用创新。
For the rapid development of coal pyrolysis,characteristics and present situation of pyrolysis were elaborated,and methods were proposed for solving problems of pyrolysis technology.At last,future development direction of pyrolysis was forecasted. Coal pyrolysis is an effective path to make the transformation of coal from raw material to raw material and fuels due to its advantages,such as efficiency and clean process,various high-quality products and fully utilization of resource. Based on analysis of principle,technology,product structure and quality,economy and environmental protection,low rank coal is suitable for pyrolysis,and pyrolysis technology is new engine for promoting further development of modern coal chemical industry.Future development direction of pyrolysis technology are to realize the cleanliness,commercialization and high added value of pyrolysis products,to upgrade equipment scale andintegration level of automatic control system,to realize organic fusion of pyrolysis technology and modern coal chemical and petrochemical systems,to increase the application innovation of supporting environmental protection and energy saving technology.
For the rapid development of coal pyrolysis,characteristics and present situation of pyrolysis were elaborated,and methods were proposed for solving problems of pyrolysis technology.At last,future development direction of pyrolysis was forecasted. Coal pyrolysis is an effective path to make the transformation of coal from raw material to raw material and fuels due to its advantages,such as efficiency and clean process,various high-quality products and fully utilization of resource. Based on analysis of principle,technology,product structure and quality,economy and environmental protection,low rank coal is suitable for pyrolysis,and pyrolysis technology is new engine for promoting further development of modern coal chemical industry.Future development direction of pyrolysis technology are to realize the cleanliness,commercialization and high added value of pyrolysis products,to upgrade equipment scale andintegration level of automatic control system,to realize organic fusion of pyrolysis technology and modern coal chemical and petrochemical systems,to increase the application innovation of supporting environmental protection and energy saving technology.
引文
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[26]白效言,裴贤丰,张飓,等.小粒径低阶煤热解油尘分离问题分析[J].煤质技术,2015(6):1-4.BAI Xiaoyan,PEI Xianfeng,ZHANG Yang,et al.Analysis on separation of tar and dust during pyrolysis of small-size low rank coal[J].Coal Quality Technology,2015(6):1-4.
[27]樊英杰,郑化安,张生军.粉煤热解含尘干馏气除尘技术研发及应用[J].煤化工,2014(5):1-5,18.FAN Yingjie,ZHENG Huaan,ZHANG Shengjun.Technical research of dedusting the dusty retorting gas in the process of lowtemperature pyrolysis of pulverized coal and its application[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2014(5):1-5,18.
[28]张生军,郑化安,陈静升,等.煤热解工艺中挥发分除尘技术的现状分析及建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(3):79-82.ZHANG Shengjun,ZHENG Huaan,CHEN Jingsheng,et al.Status analysis and improvement measures of volatile dust removal technology in coal pyrolysis process[J].Clean Coal Technology,2014,20(3):79-82.
[29]樊英杰,郑化安,张生军,等.热解半焦钝化技术的研究进展[J].广州化工,2015,43(16):45-46,90.FAN Yingjie,ZHENG Huaan,ZHANG Shengjun,et al.Current situation in semi-coke passivating techniques[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2015,43(16):45-46,90.
[30]韩永滨,刘桂菊,赵慧斌.低阶煤的结构特点与热解技术发展概述[J].中国科学院院刊,2013,28(6):772-780.HAN Yongbin,LIU Guiju,ZHAO Huibin.Structural characteristics of low-rank coal and its pyrolysis technology development[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013,28(6):772-780.
[2]胡文.煤化工替代石油(天然气)比较[J].精细化工原料及中间体,2008(10):9-11.
[3]贺永德.现代煤化工技术手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:3-4.
[4]王向辉,门卓武,许明,等.低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术研究现状及发展建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(6):36-41.WANG Xianghui,MEN Zhuowu,XU Ming,et al.Research status and development proposals on pyrolysis techniques of low rank pulverized coal[J].Clean Coal Technology,2014,20(6):36-41.
[5]廖汉湘.现代煤炭转化与煤化工新技术新工艺实用全书[M].安徽:安徽文化音像出版社,2004:611.
[6]中国煤炭地质总局.中国煤炭资源预测与评价[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[7]高雅丽.煤专项:开启煤炭清洁高效利用新途径[N].中国科学报,2017-10-26(1).
[8]袁权.能源化学进展[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[9]MATHEWS J P,CHAFFEE A L.The molecular representations of coal-a review[J].Fuel,2012,96(7):1-14.
[10]SHINN J H.From coal to single-stage and two-stage products:Areactive model of coal structure[J].Fuel,1984,63(9):1187-1196.
[11]郭崇涛.煤化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1992.
[12]高晋生.煤的热解、炼焦和煤焦油加工[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[13]许纲.重构能源产业链:关于煤炭热解产业的讨论[J].中国经贸导刊,2010(18):16-21.
[14]MA J J,YAO H,LUO G O,et al.Distribution of Hg,As,Pb and Cr in a coke oven plant[J].Energy&Fuels,2010,24(9):5289-5290.
[15]白向飞.中国煤中微量元素分析赋存特征及其迁移规律试验研究[D].北京:煤炭科学研究总院,2003.
[16]周强.煤的热解行为及硫的脱除[D].大连:大连理工大学,2004.
[17]刘耀鑫.循环流化床热电气多联产试验及理论研究分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[18]徐婕,郑化安,张生军,等.国内外煤热解技术专利分析[J].化工进展,2016,35(10):3367-3376.XU Jie,ZHENG Huaan,ZHANG Shengjun,et al.Analysis on the patent information of coal pyrolysis[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(10):3367-3376.
[19]刘光启,邓蜀平,钱新荣,等.我国煤炭热解技术研究进展[J].现代化工,2007,27(S2):37-43.LIU Guangqi,DENG Shuping,QIAN Xinrong,et al.Research progress of coal pyrolysis technology in China[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2007,27(S2):37-43.
[20]李青松,李如英,马志远,等.美国LFC低阶煤提质联产油技术新进展[J].中国矿业,2010,19(12):82-87.LI Qingsong,LI Ruying,MA Zhiyuan,et al.New progress of the U.S.LFC technology of low rank coal upgrading with cogeneration of coal liquids[J].China Mining Magazine,2010,19(12):82-87.
[21]冉伟利,张志刚,樊英杰,等.块煤中低温热解技术开发应用及研究方向[J].煤化工,2014(2):10-14.RAN Weili,ZHANG Zhingang,FAN Yingjie,et al.Development status and trend of low temperature pyrolysis technology of lump coal[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2014(2):10-14.
[22]黄西川.兰炭剩余氨水炉内气化回收资源技术研究[J].中国科技成果,2014(19):69-70.
[23]GB/T 25210—2010,兰炭用煤技术条件[S].
[24]任沛建.兰炭要实现可持续发展有四点须突破[N].中国化工报,2015-06-16(2B).
[25]刘思明.低阶煤热解提质技术发展现状及趋势研究[J].化学工业,2013,31(1):7-13.LIU Siming.Study on development and trends of low rank coal pyrolysis extraction technology[J].Chemical Industry,2013,31(1):7-13.
[26]白效言,裴贤丰,张飓,等.小粒径低阶煤热解油尘分离问题分析[J].煤质技术,2015(6):1-4.BAI Xiaoyan,PEI Xianfeng,ZHANG Yang,et al.Analysis on separation of tar and dust during pyrolysis of small-size low rank coal[J].Coal Quality Technology,2015(6):1-4.
[27]樊英杰,郑化安,张生军.粉煤热解含尘干馏气除尘技术研发及应用[J].煤化工,2014(5):1-5,18.FAN Yingjie,ZHENG Huaan,ZHANG Shengjun.Technical research of dedusting the dusty retorting gas in the process of lowtemperature pyrolysis of pulverized coal and its application[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2014(5):1-5,18.
[28]张生军,郑化安,陈静升,等.煤热解工艺中挥发分除尘技术的现状分析及建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(3):79-82.ZHANG Shengjun,ZHENG Huaan,CHEN Jingsheng,et al.Status analysis and improvement measures of volatile dust removal technology in coal pyrolysis process[J].Clean Coal Technology,2014,20(3):79-82.
[29]樊英杰,郑化安,张生军,等.热解半焦钝化技术的研究进展[J].广州化工,2015,43(16):45-46,90.FAN Yingjie,ZHENG Huaan,ZHANG Shengjun,et al.Current situation in semi-coke passivating techniques[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2015,43(16):45-46,90.
[30]韩永滨,刘桂菊,赵慧斌.低阶煤的结构特点与热解技术发展概述[J].中国科学院院刊,2013,28(6):772-780.HAN Yongbin,LIU Guiju,ZHAO Huibin.Structural characteristics of low-rank coal and its pyrolysis technology development[J].Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013,28(6):772-780.