OFDI逆向技术溢出、制度质量与区域创新能力——基于两步差分GMM门槛面板模型的实证分析
|
摘要
基于2005—2016年我国省际面板数据,首先通过OLS、DIFF-GMM、SYS-GMM3种基准线性回归方法论证了OFDI逆向技术溢出对我国区域创新能力的促进作用。以OFDI为核心解释变量,分别构建以地区腐败、市场化程度和知识产权保护为门槛变量的动态门槛回归模型。结果发现:随着地区腐败程度加深,我国区域创新能力逐渐减弱;以市场化程度、知识产权保护为门槛变量,跨越门槛点后OFDI对我国区域创新能力的拉动作用依次增强。最后,结合面板向量自回归模型进一步研究对外直接投资过程中地区腐败、市场化程度和知识产权保护对区域创新能力的动态即期冲击。结果显示:市场化程度单位变动对区域创新能力的影响呈现正向冲击且持续性较强,知识产权保护对区域创新能力的拉动最为迅速但后期持续性较弱,地区腐败对区域创新能力产生负向冲击作用。
Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China from 2005 to 2016, this paper firstly demonstrates the promotion of OFDI Reverse Technology Spillovers on regional innovation capability in China through three benchmark linear regression methods, namely OLS, DIFF-GMM and SYS-GMM.Then, OFDI is used as the core explanatory variable to construct dynamic threshold regression models with regional corruption, marketization and intellectual property protection as the threshold variables.The results show that: with the deepening of regional corruption, China's regional innovation capability gradually weakened; with the degree of marketization, intellectual property protection as the threshold variables, the OFDI's pulling effect on China's regional innovation capability has been strengthened in turn after crossing the threshold.Finally, combined with the panel vector autoregressive model(PVAR model), we further study the impact of regional corruption, marketization and intellectual property protection on regional innovation capability in the process of OFDI.The results show that the impact of unit change of marketization degree on regional innovation capability is positive and persistent.Intellectual property protection is the fastest but weaker in the later period.Regional corruption has a negative impact on regional innovation capability.
Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China from 2005 to 2016, this paper firstly demonstrates the promotion of OFDI Reverse Technology Spillovers on regional innovation capability in China through three benchmark linear regression methods, namely OLS, DIFF-GMM and SYS-GMM.Then, OFDI is used as the core explanatory variable to construct dynamic threshold regression models with regional corruption, marketization and intellectual property protection as the threshold variables.The results show that: with the deepening of regional corruption, China's regional innovation capability gradually weakened; with the degree of marketization, intellectual property protection as the threshold variables, the OFDI's pulling effect on China's regional innovation capability has been strengthened in turn after crossing the threshold.Finally, combined with the panel vector autoregressive model(PVAR model), we further study the impact of regional corruption, marketization and intellectual property protection on regional innovation capability in the process of OFDI.The results show that the impact of unit change of marketization degree on regional innovation capability is positive and persistent.Intellectual property protection is the fastest but weaker in the later period.Regional corruption has a negative impact on regional innovation capability.
引文
[1] 祁春凌,黄晓玲,樊瑛.技术寻求、对华技术出口限制与我国的对外直接投资动机[J].国际贸易问题, 2013(4):115-122.
[2] WANG X.Does outward foreign direct investment promote regional innovation capacity?— a comparative study based on the panel data of cities at prefecture-level in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province from the perspective of absorptive capacity[J].East China Economic Management, 2016.
[3] 靳巧花, 严太华.国际技术溢出与区域创新能力——基于知识产权保护视角的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题, 2017(3):14-25.
[4] JIN B, GARCíA F, SALOMON R.Inward foreign direct investment and local firm innovation: the moderating role of technological capabilities[J].Journal of International Business Studies, 2018:1-9.
[5] JüRGEN BITZER,MONIKA KEREKES.Does foreign direct investment transfer technology across borders? new evidence[J].Economics Letters,2008,100(3).
[6] 王恕立, 向姣姣.创造效应还是替代效应——中国OFDI对进出口贸易的影响机制研究[J].世界经济研究, 2014(6):66-72.
[7] HO C Y, WANG W, YU J.Growth spillover through trade: a spatial dynamic panel data approach [J].Economics Letters, 2013, 120(3):450-453.
[8] SEYOUM M, WU R, YANG L.Technology spillovers from Chinese outward direct investment: the case of Ethiopia[J].China Economic Review, 2015, 33:35-49.
[9] 李国学.对外直接投资促进国家创新能力提升的机制与途径[J].国际经济合作,2017(4):14-19.
[10] 毛其淋,许家云.中国企业对外直接投资是否促进了企业创新[J].世界经济,2014(8):98-125
[11] 李思慧,于津平.对外直接投资与企业创新效率[J].国际贸易问题,2016(12):28-38
[12] JIA M Q, LIU S S, XIN J L.The empirical study about foreign direct investment, technology innovation and economic growth in western China[J].Scientific Decision Making, 2015(7).
[13] 衣长军,李赛, 张吉鹏.制度环境、吸收能力与新兴经济体OFDI逆向技术溢出效应——基于中国省际面板数据的门槛检验[J].财经研究, 2015, 41(11):4-19.
[14] 杜宽旗,王静.金融发展对OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的影响——基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].企业经济, 2016(3):183-188.
[15] 沙文兵, 李莹.OFDI逆向技术溢出、知识管理与区域创新能力[J].世界经济研究, 2018(7).
[16] CANER M, HANSEN B E.Instrumental variable estimation of a threshold model[J].Econometric Theory, 2004, 20(5):813-843.
[17] DEBRA BICK,IAN D GRAHAM.Evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based practice[M].New Jersey:Wiley-Blackwell,1988.
[18] VIET ANH DANG, MINJOO KIM, YONGCHEOL SHIN.Asymmetric capital structure adjustments: new evidence from dynamic panel threshold models[J].Journal of Empirical Finance, 2012, 19(4):465-482.
[19] MANUEL ARELLANO, STEPHEN BOND.Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations[J].The Review of Economic Studies, 1991, 58(2):277-297.
[20] HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels: estimation, testing, and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics, 1999, 93(2):345-368.
[21] 张德荣.“中等收入陷阱”发生机理与中国经济增长的阶段性动力[J].经济研究,2013(9):17-29.
[22] 许春明,单晓光.中国知识产权保护强度指标体系的构建及验证[J].科学学研究,2008,26(4):715-723.
[23] 叶娇, 赵云鹏.对外直接投资与逆向技术溢出——基于企业微观特征的分析[J].国际贸易问题, 2016(1):134-144.
[2] WANG X.Does outward foreign direct investment promote regional innovation capacity?— a comparative study based on the panel data of cities at prefecture-level in Jiangsu and Zhejiang province from the perspective of absorptive capacity[J].East China Economic Management, 2016.
[3] 靳巧花, 严太华.国际技术溢出与区域创新能力——基于知识产权保护视角的实证分析[J].国际贸易问题, 2017(3):14-25.
[4] JIN B, GARCíA F, SALOMON R.Inward foreign direct investment and local firm innovation: the moderating role of technological capabilities[J].Journal of International Business Studies, 2018:1-9.
[5] JüRGEN BITZER,MONIKA KEREKES.Does foreign direct investment transfer technology across borders? new evidence[J].Economics Letters,2008,100(3).
[6] 王恕立, 向姣姣.创造效应还是替代效应——中国OFDI对进出口贸易的影响机制研究[J].世界经济研究, 2014(6):66-72.
[7] HO C Y, WANG W, YU J.Growth spillover through trade: a spatial dynamic panel data approach [J].Economics Letters, 2013, 120(3):450-453.
[8] SEYOUM M, WU R, YANG L.Technology spillovers from Chinese outward direct investment: the case of Ethiopia[J].China Economic Review, 2015, 33:35-49.
[9] 李国学.对外直接投资促进国家创新能力提升的机制与途径[J].国际经济合作,2017(4):14-19.
[10] 毛其淋,许家云.中国企业对外直接投资是否促进了企业创新[J].世界经济,2014(8):98-125
[11] 李思慧,于津平.对外直接投资与企业创新效率[J].国际贸易问题,2016(12):28-38
[12] JIA M Q, LIU S S, XIN J L.The empirical study about foreign direct investment, technology innovation and economic growth in western China[J].Scientific Decision Making, 2015(7).
[13] 衣长军,李赛, 张吉鹏.制度环境、吸收能力与新兴经济体OFDI逆向技术溢出效应——基于中国省际面板数据的门槛检验[J].财经研究, 2015, 41(11):4-19.
[14] 杜宽旗,王静.金融发展对OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的影响——基于中国省际面板数据的门槛回归分析[J].企业经济, 2016(3):183-188.
[15] 沙文兵, 李莹.OFDI逆向技术溢出、知识管理与区域创新能力[J].世界经济研究, 2018(7).
[16] CANER M, HANSEN B E.Instrumental variable estimation of a threshold model[J].Econometric Theory, 2004, 20(5):813-843.
[17] DEBRA BICK,IAN D GRAHAM.Evaluating the impact of implementing evidence-based practice[M].New Jersey:Wiley-Blackwell,1988.
[18] VIET ANH DANG, MINJOO KIM, YONGCHEOL SHIN.Asymmetric capital structure adjustments: new evidence from dynamic panel threshold models[J].Journal of Empirical Finance, 2012, 19(4):465-482.
[19] MANUEL ARELLANO, STEPHEN BOND.Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations[J].The Review of Economic Studies, 1991, 58(2):277-297.
[20] HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels: estimation, testing, and inference[J].Journal of Econometrics, 1999, 93(2):345-368.
[21] 张德荣.“中等收入陷阱”发生机理与中国经济增长的阶段性动力[J].经济研究,2013(9):17-29.
[22] 许春明,单晓光.中国知识产权保护强度指标体系的构建及验证[J].科学学研究,2008,26(4):715-723.
[23] 叶娇, 赵云鹏.对外直接投资与逆向技术溢出——基于企业微观特征的分析[J].国际贸易问题, 2016(1):134-144.