宁南山区旱地谷子适栽品种筛选
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摘要
为了明确谷子主要农艺性状及产量构成要素的相关关系,并为筛选适宜宁南山区旱作的谷子品种提供理论依据,以陇谷11号为对照,对北方地区推广前景较好的7个谷子品种进行了品种选鉴试验,并运用方差分析、相关性分析等方法,对8个谷子品种的生物学特性、农艺性状、产量、水分利用效率进行分析比较。结果表明,有5个谷子品种的产量及水分利用效率显著高于对照。相关性分析结果表明,产量与单穗质量、单穗粒质量、单株生物量、生育期呈显著正相关,而与株高及穗柄长存在负相关。谷子品种数量性状主成分分析表明,前4个主成分因子的累计贡献率可达90.89%。单穗质量和穗粒质量可作为评价谷子品种的首选性状,其次是株高、穗长、生育期和水分利用效率;8个供试谷子品种中,大同39号、汾选3号、晋谷40号的综合表现优异,建议在宁南地区推广。
To clarify the relationship between the main agronomic traits and yield components of millet, and provide theoretical basis for the selection of suitable excellent millet varieties for dryland farmland cultivation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia,this paper took Longgu 11 as a control, 7 varieties of millet which had a good prospect of popularization in the northern region were selected and tested. Using variance analysis and correlation analysis, the biological characteristics, agronomic traits, yield, and water use efficiency of 8 millet varieties were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the yield and water use efficiency of five millet varieties were significantly higher than the control. The yield was positively correlated with the quality per panicle, grain quality per panicle, single plant biomass and growth period, but was negatively correlated with plant height and peduncle length. Principal component analysis of quantitative traits of millet varieties results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal component factors was up to 90.89%. Per panicle quality and grain quality per panicle can be used as the preferred traits for evaluating millet cultivars, followed by plant height, panicle length, growth period and WUE. Among the 8 tested varieties, the comprehensive performance of Datong 39, Fenxuan 3, and Jingu 40 are excellent, which are recommended to promote planting in southern Ningxia.
To clarify the relationship between the main agronomic traits and yield components of millet, and provide theoretical basis for the selection of suitable excellent millet varieties for dryland farmland cultivation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia,this paper took Longgu 11 as a control, 7 varieties of millet which had a good prospect of popularization in the northern region were selected and tested. Using variance analysis and correlation analysis, the biological characteristics, agronomic traits, yield, and water use efficiency of 8 millet varieties were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the yield and water use efficiency of five millet varieties were significantly higher than the control. The yield was positively correlated with the quality per panicle, grain quality per panicle, single plant biomass and growth period, but was negatively correlated with plant height and peduncle length. Principal component analysis of quantitative traits of millet varieties results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal component factors was up to 90.89%. Per panicle quality and grain quality per panicle can be used as the preferred traits for evaluating millet cultivars, followed by plant height, panicle length, growth period and WUE. Among the 8 tested varieties, the comprehensive performance of Datong 39, Fenxuan 3, and Jingu 40 are excellent, which are recommended to promote planting in southern Ningxia.
引文
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[17]李超,刘文兆,林文,等.黄土塬区冬小麦产量及水分利用效率对播前底墒变化与生育期差别供水的响应[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(18):3549-3560.
[18]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013-1028.
[19]杨清华,邱军,李海,等.糜子育成品种农艺、产量及品质性状综合鉴定与评价[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4530-4544.
[20]王欢欢,贾亚涛,许鹏飞,等.谷子主要农艺性状与产量的关系[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(7):657-659,754.
[21]刘斌,李书田,王显瑞,等.谷子主要农艺性状的分析[J].种子,2014,33(5):88-90.
[22]张霞,冯永忠.神木县不同谷子品种主要农艺性状及产量分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(1):32-37.
[2]郭晋襄,李志华,李会霞,等.我国谷子生产中存在的问题及未来发展方向[J].中国种业,2014(3):16-18.
[3]邱双,刘利军,闫双堆,等.低磷胁迫下谷子的磷吸收利用效率[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(6):786-789.
[4]赵宇,刘猛,刘斐,等. 2013年谷子糜子产业发展趋势与政策建议[J].农业生产展望,2013,9(4):56-59.
[5]刘斐,刘猛,赵宇,等. 2017年中国谷子糜子产业发展趋势[J].农业生产展望,2017,13(6):40-43.
[6]张大众,刘佳佳,冯佰利.中国谷子种植利用史及其演进启示[J].草业学报,2018,27(3):173-186.
[7]李顺国,刘斐,刘猛,等.我国谷子产业现状、发展趋势及对策建议[J].农业现代化研究,2014,35(5):531-535.
[8]张艾英,刁现民,郭二虎,等.西北春谷早熟区谷子品种十五年变化趋势及主要性状分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4496-4506.
[9]任芹勇,樊巧利,李涛,等. 65份谷子品种农艺性状聚类和相关性[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(12):5178-5188.
[10]吕建珍,马建萍,独俊娥,等.春播谷子品种(系)生态适应性鉴定及主成分分析[J].作物杂志,2015(6):44-47.
[11]李书田,赵敏,王显瑞,等.赤谷系列春谷品种主要农艺与经济性状灰色关联分析[J].作物杂志,2012(3):132-135.
[12]王春梅,闫双堆,刘利军,等.山西省19个谷子品种农艺性状及其养分吸收利用研究[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(6):934-937.
[13]陆平.谷子种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[14]黄占斌,山仑.水分利用效率及其生理生态机理研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,1998,6(4):19-23.
[15]邵立威,王艳哲,苗文芳,等.品种与密度对华北平原夏玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(3):182-188.
[16]孙宏勇,刘小京,王金涛,等.品种和播期对华北春玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(6):837-846.
[17]李超,刘文兆,林文,等.黄土塬区冬小麦产量及水分利用效率对播前底墒变化与生育期差别供水的响应[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(18):3549-3560.
[18]张丽英,张正斌,徐萍,等.黄淮小麦农艺性状进化及对产量性状调控机理的分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(5):1013-1028.
[19]杨清华,邱军,李海,等.糜子育成品种农艺、产量及品质性状综合鉴定与评价[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(23):4530-4544.
[20]王欢欢,贾亚涛,许鹏飞,等.谷子主要农艺性状与产量的关系[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(7):657-659,754.
[21]刘斌,李书田,王显瑞,等.谷子主要农艺性状的分析[J].种子,2014,33(5):88-90.
[22]张霞,冯永忠.神木县不同谷子品种主要农艺性状及产量分析[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(1):32-37.