丧葬礼仪的改革与对策
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摘要
丧葬礼仪作为传统文化的重要组成部分,它是民族文化传承的重要载体,是中华民族生命伦理的重要呈现,也是中华民族"慎终追远"的重要途径,蕴含着丰富的风俗教化资源,具有独特的价值与意义。如何在现代社会中正确地对待丧葬礼仪习俗是值得深入思考和谨慎对待的。然而,当前各地殡葬礼俗改革存在人为割裂当代殡葬改革与文化传统之间的有机关联、改革的具体实施过于简单粗暴、混淆丧葬陋俗末流与优良丧葬文化传统、实施城乡殡葬改革"一刀切"等问题,引起了社会公众的强烈反响。实施殡葬礼俗改革要结合中国丧葬文化传统与当代社会治理需要,以尊重生命的伦理观念与慎终追远的文化关怀为引领,充分尊重民族文化传统,充分听取和吸纳历史学、社会学、民俗学和民间礼仪专家学者的相关政策建议,根据城乡不同情况实施双轨制改革,借助当地乡贤、礼仪协会力量打造优质丧葬礼俗服务,探索一条既能延续民族传统文化根脉,又能顺应现代文明生活的丧葬礼仪改革路径。
Funeral etiquette, as an important part of traditional culture, is an important carrier of national cultural heritage, an important representation of the Chinese nation's bioethics, and an important way for the Chinese nation to "carefully attend to the funeral rites of parents and follow them when gone with due sacrifices". It contains rich resources for customs and education, and has unique value and meaning. How to properly treat funeral etiquette in modern society is worthy of deep thinking and careful treatment. However, there are some problems such as organic links between the funeral etiquette reforms and the cultural traditions, the simple and rude concrete implementation of the reform, the confusion of corrupt funeral customs and fine funeral culture traditions, and rigid uniformity in implementing the urban and rural funeral reforms, which have aroused strong repercussions among the public. The implementation of the funeral etiquette reform should be based on the Chinese funeral culture tradition and the needs of contemporary social governance, be guided by the ethical concept of respecting life and the cultural concern of carefully attend to the funeral rites of parents and follow them when gone with due sacrifices, fully respect the national cultural tradition, fully listen to and absorb relevant policy recommendations of etiquette experts and scholars in history, sociology, folklore and folk etiquette, implement dual-track reform according to different situations in urban and rural areas, use the strength of local respectable dead persons and etiquette associations to create high-quality funeral rites and services, and explore a path for funeral etiquette reform that can continue the roots of national traditional culture and conform to modern civilized life.
Funeral etiquette, as an important part of traditional culture, is an important carrier of national cultural heritage, an important representation of the Chinese nation's bioethics, and an important way for the Chinese nation to "carefully attend to the funeral rites of parents and follow them when gone with due sacrifices". It contains rich resources for customs and education, and has unique value and meaning. How to properly treat funeral etiquette in modern society is worthy of deep thinking and careful treatment. However, there are some problems such as organic links between the funeral etiquette reforms and the cultural traditions, the simple and rude concrete implementation of the reform, the confusion of corrupt funeral customs and fine funeral culture traditions, and rigid uniformity in implementing the urban and rural funeral reforms, which have aroused strong repercussions among the public. The implementation of the funeral etiquette reform should be based on the Chinese funeral culture tradition and the needs of contemporary social governance, be guided by the ethical concept of respecting life and the cultural concern of carefully attend to the funeral rites of parents and follow them when gone with due sacrifices, fully respect the national cultural tradition, fully listen to and absorb relevant policy recommendations of etiquette experts and scholars in history, sociology, folklore and folk etiquette, implement dual-track reform according to different situations in urban and rural areas, use the strength of local respectable dead persons and etiquette associations to create high-quality funeral rites and services, and explore a path for funeral etiquette reform that can continue the roots of national traditional culture and conform to modern civilized life.
引文
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[6]萧放.“传统仪礼的当代实践”专栏导语[J].文化遗产,2018,(4).
[2]杨伯峻.论语译注:卷一[M].北京:中华书局,1980.
[3]孙希旦.礼记集解:卷六十一[M].北京:中华书局,1989.
[4]孙希旦.礼记集解:卷四十六[M].北京:中华书局,1989.
[5]龙晓添,萧放.《家礼》对《仪礼》丧葬礼仪知识的继承与发展[J].文化遗产,2016,(3).
[6]萧放.“传统仪礼的当代实践”专栏导语[J].文化遗产,2018,(4).