胶结充填体波速-密度双参数强度预测模型研究
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摘要
抗压强度是表征胶结充填体力学性质的重要指标,是确定采场充填方案的基本依据,快速、准确地确定胶结充填体抗压强度值,对于保障采场安全意义重大。分析了胶结充填体强度的影响因素,为克服单一预测指标的不准确性和预测指标过多的复杂性,选取了较易获取的胶结充填体初始超声波波速和密度两个参数,构建了波速-密度双参数预测指标T,运用预测指标构建了胶结充填体强度预测模型,并进行了验证。研究表明:①胶结充填体单轴抗压强度的影响因素有组成成分、结构尺寸以及养护环境,主要影响因素为组成成分;②将试验数据应用所构建的强度预测模型、典型强度预测模型分别进行了曲线拟合,对比分析得出所构建的强度预测模型拟合结果良好,相关系数均达到0.98以上,可以较好地预测胶结充填体强度。利用波速-密度双参数进行胶结充填体强度预测具有可行性,为准确预测胶结充填体强度提供了新的思路。
Compressive strength is an important index to characterize the mechanical properties of cemented backfill.It is the basic basis for determining the filling scheme of the stope.Therefore,it is of great significance to determine the compressive strength value of cemented backfill quickly and accurately.The influencing factors of the strength of cemented backfill are discussed,in order to overcome the inaccuracy of single prediction factor and complexity of excessive prediction factors,two parameters of initial ultrasonic wave velocity and density of cemented backfill that are easier to obtained are selected.The wave velocity-density double parameter prediction index T is established,then,the strength prediction model of cementation backfill is indicated by using the predictive index,and the performance of the model is verified.The study results show that:①the influence factors of the uniaxial compressive strength of cemented backfill including composition,structural size and curing environment,the main influencing factors is composition;②curve fitting analysis of the test data is done by using the strength prediction model established in this paper and typical strength prediction respectively,the comparative analysis results show that the curve fitting effects of the newly established model is better than the other,the correlative coefficient is above 0.98,which further indicated that the strength prediction model newly established can effectively predict the strength of cemented backfill.The above study results indicated that the it is feasible to predict the strength of cemented backfill with two parameters of wave velocity and density,therefore,the new ideal for accurately predicting the strength of cemented backfill.
Compressive strength is an important index to characterize the mechanical properties of cemented backfill.It is the basic basis for determining the filling scheme of the stope.Therefore,it is of great significance to determine the compressive strength value of cemented backfill quickly and accurately.The influencing factors of the strength of cemented backfill are discussed,in order to overcome the inaccuracy of single prediction factor and complexity of excessive prediction factors,two parameters of initial ultrasonic wave velocity and density of cemented backfill that are easier to obtained are selected.The wave velocity-density double parameter prediction index T is established,then,the strength prediction model of cementation backfill is indicated by using the predictive index,and the performance of the model is verified.The study results show that:①the influence factors of the uniaxial compressive strength of cemented backfill including composition,structural size and curing environment,the main influencing factors is composition;②curve fitting analysis of the test data is done by using the strength prediction model established in this paper and typical strength prediction respectively,the comparative analysis results show that the curve fitting effects of the newly established model is better than the other,the correlative coefficient is above 0.98,which further indicated that the strength prediction model newly established can effectively predict the strength of cemented backfill.The above study results indicated that the it is feasible to predict the strength of cemented backfill with two parameters of wave velocity and density,therefore,the new ideal for accurately predicting the strength of cemented backfill.
引文
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[9]Ercikdi B,Y?lmaz T,Külekci K,et al.Strength and ultrasonic properties of cemented paste backfill[J].Ultrasonics,2014,54(1):195-204.
[10]Tekin Y,Ercikdi B,Karaman K,et al.Assessment of strength properties of cemented paste backfill by ultrasonic pulse velocity test[J].Ultrasonics,2014,54(5):1386-1394.
[11]姜关照,吴爱祥,李红,等.含硫尾砂充填体长期强度性能及其影响因素[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2018,49(6):1504-1510.Jiang Guanzhao,Wu Aixiang,Li Hong,et al.Long-term strength performance of sulfur tailings filling and its affecting factors[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2018,49(6):1504-1510.
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[14]岳哲,叶义成,王其虎,等.基于量纲分析的岩石相似材料抗压强度计算模型[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):216-221.Yue Zhe,Ye Yicheng,Wang Qihu,et al.A model for calculation of compressive strength of rock-like materials based on dimensional analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):216-221.
[15]李长洪,魏晓明,张立新,等.胶结充填体与矿石的能量匹配关系及固化时间的确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(6):1116-1121.Li Changhong,Wei Xiaoming,Zhang Lixin,et al.Energy matching relationship between cemented backfill body and ore and determination of curing time[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(6):1116-1121.
[16]Wei X,Li C,Zhang L,et al.Strength prediction model of cemented backfill and inversion calculation of cement consumption[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2018,36(1):649-656.
[17]邓代强,高永涛,吴顺川,等.复杂应力下充填体破坏能耗试验研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):737-742.Deng Daiqiang,Gao Yongtao,Wu Shunchuan,et al.Experimental study of destructive energy dissipation properties of backfill under complicated stress condition[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):737-742.
[18]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.超细尾砂胶结充填体强度计算模型及应用[J].岩土力学,2018,39(9):3147-3156.Fu Ziguo,Qiao Dengpan,Guo Zhonglin,et al.A model for calculating strength of ultra-fine tailings cemented hydraulic fill and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(9):3147-3156.
[19]付建新,杜翠凤,宋卫东.全尾砂胶结充填体的强度敏感性及破坏机制[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(9):1149-1157.Fu Jianxin,Du Zuifeng,Song Weidong.Strength sensitivity of failure mechanism of full tailings cemented backfills[J].University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(9):1149-1157.
[20]Wang H,Qiao L.Coupled effect of cement-to-tailings ratio and solid content on the early age strength of cemented coarse tailings backfil[lJ].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2018:1-11.
[21]Chen S,Wang H H,Zhang J,et al.Experimental study on lowstrength similar-material proportioning and properties for coal mining[J].Advances in Materials Science and Engineering,2015:1687-1692.
[22]甘德清,韩亮,刘志义,等.胶结充填体抗压强度尺寸效应的试验研究[J].金属矿山,2018(1):32-36.Gan Deqing,Han Liang,Liu Zhiyi,et al.Experimental study on the size effect of compressive strength of cemented filling body[J].Metal Mine,2018(1):32-36.
[23]Yilmaz E,Belem T,Benzaazoua M.Specimen size effect on strength behavior of cemented paste backfills subjected to different placement conditions[J].Engineering Geology,2015,185:52-62.
[24]徐文彬,田喜春,侯运炳,等.全尾砂固结体固结过程孔隙与强度特性实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(2):272-279.Xu Wenbin,Tian Xichun,Hou Yunbing,et al.Experimental study on the pore and strength properties of cemented unclassified during the consolidation process[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(2):272-279.
[25]徐文彬,潘卫东,丁明龙.胶结充填体内部微观结构演化及其长期强度模型试验[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(6):2333-2341.Xu Wenbin,Pan Weidong,Ding Minglong.Experiment on evolution of microstructures and long-term strength model of cemented backfill mass[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2015,46(6):2333-2341.
[26]徐文彬,杜建华,宋卫东,等.超细全尾砂材料胶凝成岩机理试验[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2295-2302.Xu Wenbin,Du Jianhua,Song Weidong,et al.Experiment on the mechanism of consolidating backfill body of extra-fine grain unclassified tailings and cementitious materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2295-2302.
[27]Komlos K,Popovics S,NürnbergerováT,et al.Ultrasonic pulse velocity test of concrete properties as specified in various standards[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,1996,18(5):357-364.
[2]马长年.金川二矿区下向分层采矿充填体力学行为及其作用的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.Ma Changnian.Research on the Mechanism Behavior and Function of Backfill with Underhand Cut-and-fill Method in Jinchuan No.2Mine[D].Changsha:Central South University,2011.
[3]王宇,李晓,胡瑞林,等.岩土超声波测试研究进展及应用综述[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(2):287-300.Wang Yu,Li Xiao,Hu Ruilin,et al.Review of research process and application of ultrasonic testing for rock and soil[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(2):287-300.
[4]邓代强,高永涛,吴顺川,等.基于声波测速的充填体完整性检测[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(10):1248-1252.Deng Daiqiang,Gao Yongtao,Wu Shunchuan,et al.Integrality detection of backfill based on acoustic wave velocity testing[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(10):1248-1252.
[5]Du X,Feng G,Qi T,et al.Failure characteristics of large unconfined cemented gangue backfill structure in partial backfill mining[J].Construction and Building Materials,2019,194:257-265.
[6]程爱平,张玉山,戴顺意,等.胶结充填体超声波波速损伤演化试验[J].金属矿山,2018(9):41-46.Cheng Aiping,Zhang Yushan,Dai Shunyi,et al.Experimental study on damage evolution of cemented backfill based on ultrasonic wave velocity[J].Metal Mine,2018(9):41-46.
[7]徐淼斐,高永涛,金爱兵,等.基于超声波波速及BP神经网络的胶结充填体强度预测[J].工程科学学报,2016(8):1059-1068.Xu Miaofei,Gao Yongtao,Jin Aibing,et al.Prediction of cemented backfill strength by ultrasonic pulse velocity and BP neural network[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2016(8):1059-1068.
[8]Cao S,Song W.Effect of filling interval time on the mechanical strength and ultrasonic properties of cemented coarse tailing backfill[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2017,166:62-68.
[9]Ercikdi B,Y?lmaz T,Külekci K,et al.Strength and ultrasonic properties of cemented paste backfill[J].Ultrasonics,2014,54(1):195-204.
[10]Tekin Y,Ercikdi B,Karaman K,et al.Assessment of strength properties of cemented paste backfill by ultrasonic pulse velocity test[J].Ultrasonics,2014,54(5):1386-1394.
[11]姜关照,吴爱祥,李红,等.含硫尾砂充填体长期强度性能及其影响因素[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2018,49(6):1504-1510.Jiang Guanzhao,Wu Aixiang,Li Hong,et al.Long-term strength performance of sulfur tailings filling and its affecting factors[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2018,49(6):1504-1510.
[12]李典,冯国瑞,郭育霞,等.基于响应面法的充填体强度增长规律分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):392-398.Li Dian,Feng Guorui,Guo Yuxia,et al.Analysis on the strength increase law of filling material based on response surface method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):392-398.
[13]韩斌,王贤来,肖卫国.基于多元非线性回归的井下采场充填体强度预测及评价[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(5):714-718.Han Bin,Wang Xianlai,Xiao Weiguo.Estimation and evaluation of backfill strength in underground stope based on multivariate nonlinear regression analysis[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(5):714-718.
[14]岳哲,叶义成,王其虎,等.基于量纲分析的岩石相似材料抗压强度计算模型[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):216-221.Yue Zhe,Ye Yicheng,Wang Qihu,et al.A model for calculation of compressive strength of rock-like materials based on dimensional analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):216-221.
[15]李长洪,魏晓明,张立新,等.胶结充填体与矿石的能量匹配关系及固化时间的确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(6):1116-1121.Li Changhong,Wei Xiaoming,Zhang Lixin,et al.Energy matching relationship between cemented backfill body and ore and determination of curing time[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(6):1116-1121.
[16]Wei X,Li C,Zhang L,et al.Strength prediction model of cemented backfill and inversion calculation of cement consumption[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2018,36(1):649-656.
[17]邓代强,高永涛,吴顺川,等.复杂应力下充填体破坏能耗试验研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):737-742.Deng Daiqiang,Gao Yongtao,Wu Shunchuan,et al.Experimental study of destructive energy dissipation properties of backfill under complicated stress condition[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):737-742.
[18]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.超细尾砂胶结充填体强度计算模型及应用[J].岩土力学,2018,39(9):3147-3156.Fu Ziguo,Qiao Dengpan,Guo Zhonglin,et al.A model for calculating strength of ultra-fine tailings cemented hydraulic fill and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(9):3147-3156.
[19]付建新,杜翠凤,宋卫东.全尾砂胶结充填体的强度敏感性及破坏机制[J].北京科技大学学报,2014,36(9):1149-1157.Fu Jianxin,Du Zuifeng,Song Weidong.Strength sensitivity of failure mechanism of full tailings cemented backfills[J].University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(9):1149-1157.
[20]Wang H,Qiao L.Coupled effect of cement-to-tailings ratio and solid content on the early age strength of cemented coarse tailings backfil[lJ].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2018:1-11.
[21]Chen S,Wang H H,Zhang J,et al.Experimental study on lowstrength similar-material proportioning and properties for coal mining[J].Advances in Materials Science and Engineering,2015:1687-1692.
[22]甘德清,韩亮,刘志义,等.胶结充填体抗压强度尺寸效应的试验研究[J].金属矿山,2018(1):32-36.Gan Deqing,Han Liang,Liu Zhiyi,et al.Experimental study on the size effect of compressive strength of cemented filling body[J].Metal Mine,2018(1):32-36.
[23]Yilmaz E,Belem T,Benzaazoua M.Specimen size effect on strength behavior of cemented paste backfills subjected to different placement conditions[J].Engineering Geology,2015,185:52-62.
[24]徐文彬,田喜春,侯运炳,等.全尾砂固结体固结过程孔隙与强度特性实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(2):272-279.Xu Wenbin,Tian Xichun,Hou Yunbing,et al.Experimental study on the pore and strength properties of cemented unclassified during the consolidation process[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(2):272-279.
[25]徐文彬,潘卫东,丁明龙.胶结充填体内部微观结构演化及其长期强度模型试验[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(6):2333-2341.Xu Wenbin,Pan Weidong,Ding Minglong.Experiment on evolution of microstructures and long-term strength model of cemented backfill mass[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2015,46(6):2333-2341.
[26]徐文彬,杜建华,宋卫东,等.超细全尾砂材料胶凝成岩机理试验[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2295-2302.Xu Wenbin,Du Jianhua,Song Weidong,et al.Experiment on the mechanism of consolidating backfill body of extra-fine grain unclassified tailings and cementitious materials[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2295-2302.
[27]Komlos K,Popovics S,NürnbergerováT,et al.Ultrasonic pulse velocity test of concrete properties as specified in various standards[J].Cement and Concrete Composites,1996,18(5):357-364.