国内外小麦品种苗期耐氮胁迫能力综合评价
|
摘要
为筛选和培育小麦氮高效品种资源,对36个国内外小麦品种(20个国内品种、16个国外品种)在低氮(0.3mmol/L)和高氮(90mmol/L)水平下的种苗生长情况进行鉴定,利用最大苗高、最大根长、茎叶干重、根干重、根冠比、植株干重、植株含水量、根体积共8个性状指标,采用主成分分析和系统聚类相结合方法对不同基因型小麦苗期的耐低氮胁迫和耐高氮伤害的能力进行综合评价。结果表明,国外品种耐低氮胁迫能力明显优于国内品种,12份耐低氮型小麦全为国外品种;而国内小麦品种在耐高氮伤害能力方面比国外品种稍占优势,11份耐高氮伤害品种类型中国内品种占7份;来自澳大利亚的Silverstar和来自美国的Art、Jackpot、Armour共4份小麦品种既耐低氮胁迫又耐高氮伤害,可作为进一步进行耐氮机制研究和氮高效新品种选育的资源加以利用。
The maximum seedling height,maximum root length,dry stem and leaf weight,dry root weight,root/shoot ratio,dry seedling weight,plant moisture content and root volume of 36 wheat varieties with different genotypes(20 domestic varieties and 16 abroad varieties)were determined at seedling stage under low(0.3 mmol/L)and high(90 mmol/L)nitrogen stress and then their tolerance to nitrogen stress was comprehensively evaluated by principle component and systematic clustering analysis to select and breed wheat variety resources with high nitrogen efficiency.Result:The tolerance to low nitrogen stress of abroad wheat varieties is higher than domestic wheat varieties significantly and 12 wheat varieties with tolerance to low nitrogen are abroad wheat varieties.The tolerance to high nitrogen stress of domestic wheat varieties is slightly higher than abroad wheat varieties and 7 varieties in 11 wheat varieties with tolerance to high nitrogen damage are domestic wheat varieties.4 wheat varieties(Silverstar from Australia and Art,Jackpot and Armour from United States)with both tolerances to low nitrogen stress and high nitrogen damage can be further used in research of tolerance to nitrogen mechanism and breeding of new wheat varieties with nitrogen efficiency.
The maximum seedling height,maximum root length,dry stem and leaf weight,dry root weight,root/shoot ratio,dry seedling weight,plant moisture content and root volume of 36 wheat varieties with different genotypes(20 domestic varieties and 16 abroad varieties)were determined at seedling stage under low(0.3 mmol/L)and high(90 mmol/L)nitrogen stress and then their tolerance to nitrogen stress was comprehensively evaluated by principle component and systematic clustering analysis to select and breed wheat variety resources with high nitrogen efficiency.Result:The tolerance to low nitrogen stress of abroad wheat varieties is higher than domestic wheat varieties significantly and 12 wheat varieties with tolerance to low nitrogen are abroad wheat varieties.The tolerance to high nitrogen stress of domestic wheat varieties is slightly higher than abroad wheat varieties and 7 varieties in 11 wheat varieties with tolerance to high nitrogen damage are domestic wheat varieties.4 wheat varieties(Silverstar from Australia and Art,Jackpot and Armour from United States)with both tolerances to low nitrogen stress and high nitrogen damage can be further used in research of tolerance to nitrogen mechanism and breeding of new wheat varieties with nitrogen efficiency.
引文
[1]LIAN X,XING Y,YAN H,et al.QTLs for low nitrogen tolerance at seedling stage identified using a recombinant inbred line population derived from an elite rice hybrid[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2005,112(1):85-96.
[2]LI W,HE P,JIN J.Critical nitrogen curve and nitrogen nutrition index for spring maize in north-east china[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2012,35(11):1747-1761.
[3]张福锁,崔振岭,王激清,等.中国土壤和植物养分管理现状与改进策略[J].植物学报,2007,24(6):687-694.
[4]WANG D,XU Z,ZHAO J,et al.Excessive nitrogen application decreases grain yield and increases nitrogen loss in a wheat-soil system[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,2011,61(8):681-692.
[5]JU X,LIU X,ZHANG F,et al.Nitrogen fertilization,soil nitrate accumulation,and policy recommendations in several agricultural regions of China.[J].Ambio,2004,33(6):300-305.
[6]ZHU Z L,CHEN D L.Nitrogen fertilizer use in China-Contributions to food production,impacts on the environment and best management strategies[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2002,63(2/3):117-127.
[7]巨晓棠,谷保静.我国农田氮肥施用现状、问题及趋势[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):783-795.
[8]FOULKES M J,HAWKESFORD M J,BARRACLOUGH P B,et al.Identifying traits to improve the nitrogen economy of wheat:Recent advances and future prospects[J].Field Crops Research,2009,114(3):329-342.
[9]XU G,FAN X,MILLER A J.Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2012,63(1):153-182.
[10]李丹丹,田梦雨,崔昊,等.小麦苗期耐低氮胁迫的基因型差异[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(2):222-227.
[11]贾永国.小麦不同基因型高效利用氮素生理生化特性研究[D].石家庄:中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所,2005.
[12]LE G J,BEGHIN D,HEUMEZ E,et al.Geneticdiffer ences for nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilisation efficiencies in winter wheat.[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2000,12(3):163-173.
[13]景蕊莲,昌小平,朱志华,等.小麦幼苗根系形态与反复干旱存活率的关系[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(2):243-249.
[14]王贺正,李艳,马均,等.水稻苗期抗旱性指标的筛选[J].作物学报,2007,33(9):1523-1529.
[15]李春艳,张宏,马龙,等.冬小麦苗期氮素吸收利用生理指标的综合评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(3):523-530.
[16]胡雷芳.五种常用系统聚类分析方法及其比较[J].浙江统计,2007(4):11-13.
[17]王晓婧,代兴龙,马鑫,等.不同小麦品种产量和氮素吸收利用的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(8):1065-1071.
[18]陆瑞菊,刘成洪,何婷,等.源于大麦小孢子诱变-氮胁迫培养的DH株系田间耐低氮性表现[J].核农学报,2014,28(3):412-417.
[19]赵化田,王瑞芳,许云峰,等.小麦苗期耐低氮基因型的筛选与评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(5):1199-1204.
[20]张绪成,郭天文,谭雪莲,等.氮素水平对小麦根-冠生长及水分利用效率的影响[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(3):97-102.
[21]SHI W M,XU W F,LI S M,et al.Responses of two rice cultivars differing in seedling-stage nitrogen use efficiency to growth under low-nitrogen conditions[J].Plant&Soil,2010,326(1/2):291-302.
[22]徐红卫,陆瑞菊,刘成洪,等.不同基因型小麦苗期和成熟期耐低氮性的比较[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(12):1773-1779.
[23]裴雪霞,王姣爱,党建友,等.耐低氮小麦基因型筛选指标的研究[J].小麦研究,2007,13(2):93-98.
[24]赵学强,介晓磊,谭金芳,等.钾高效小麦基因型的筛选指标和筛选环境研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):277-281.
[2]LI W,HE P,JIN J.Critical nitrogen curve and nitrogen nutrition index for spring maize in north-east china[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2012,35(11):1747-1761.
[3]张福锁,崔振岭,王激清,等.中国土壤和植物养分管理现状与改进策略[J].植物学报,2007,24(6):687-694.
[4]WANG D,XU Z,ZHAO J,et al.Excessive nitrogen application decreases grain yield and increases nitrogen loss in a wheat-soil system[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,2011,61(8):681-692.
[5]JU X,LIU X,ZHANG F,et al.Nitrogen fertilization,soil nitrate accumulation,and policy recommendations in several agricultural regions of China.[J].Ambio,2004,33(6):300-305.
[6]ZHU Z L,CHEN D L.Nitrogen fertilizer use in China-Contributions to food production,impacts on the environment and best management strategies[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2002,63(2/3):117-127.
[7]巨晓棠,谷保静.我国农田氮肥施用现状、问题及趋势[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(4):783-795.
[8]FOULKES M J,HAWKESFORD M J,BARRACLOUGH P B,et al.Identifying traits to improve the nitrogen economy of wheat:Recent advances and future prospects[J].Field Crops Research,2009,114(3):329-342.
[9]XU G,FAN X,MILLER A J.Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2012,63(1):153-182.
[10]李丹丹,田梦雨,崔昊,等.小麦苗期耐低氮胁迫的基因型差异[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(2):222-227.
[11]贾永国.小麦不同基因型高效利用氮素生理生化特性研究[D].石家庄:中国科学院石家庄农业现代化研究所,2005.
[12]LE G J,BEGHIN D,HEUMEZ E,et al.Geneticdiffer ences for nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilisation efficiencies in winter wheat.[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2000,12(3):163-173.
[13]景蕊莲,昌小平,朱志华,等.小麦幼苗根系形态与反复干旱存活率的关系[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(2):243-249.
[14]王贺正,李艳,马均,等.水稻苗期抗旱性指标的筛选[J].作物学报,2007,33(9):1523-1529.
[15]李春艳,张宏,马龙,等.冬小麦苗期氮素吸收利用生理指标的综合评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(3):523-530.
[16]胡雷芳.五种常用系统聚类分析方法及其比较[J].浙江统计,2007(4):11-13.
[17]王晓婧,代兴龙,马鑫,等.不同小麦品种产量和氮素吸收利用的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(8):1065-1071.
[18]陆瑞菊,刘成洪,何婷,等.源于大麦小孢子诱变-氮胁迫培养的DH株系田间耐低氮性表现[J].核农学报,2014,28(3):412-417.
[19]赵化田,王瑞芳,许云峰,等.小麦苗期耐低氮基因型的筛选与评价[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(5):1199-1204.
[20]张绪成,郭天文,谭雪莲,等.氮素水平对小麦根-冠生长及水分利用效率的影响[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(3):97-102.
[21]SHI W M,XU W F,LI S M,et al.Responses of two rice cultivars differing in seedling-stage nitrogen use efficiency to growth under low-nitrogen conditions[J].Plant&Soil,2010,326(1/2):291-302.
[22]徐红卫,陆瑞菊,刘成洪,等.不同基因型小麦苗期和成熟期耐低氮性的比较[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(12):1773-1779.
[23]裴雪霞,王姣爱,党建友,等.耐低氮小麦基因型筛选指标的研究[J].小麦研究,2007,13(2):93-98.
[24]赵学强,介晓磊,谭金芳,等.钾高效小麦基因型的筛选指标和筛选环境研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):277-281.