江苏地区渔源嗜水气单胞菌流行病学调查
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摘要
以江苏地区主要淡水渔业养殖品种为研究对象,无菌采集样品肝、脾、肾、腹腔积液和血液增菌纯化后,用API20E试剂条检测嗜水气单胞菌阳性样品92份,阳性率为17.79%。同时用PCR方法对92株初筛阳性进行验证核对,得到60株可鉴定到种的嗜水气单胞菌,其余32株可以鉴定到气单胞菌属。同时对92株阳性菌株进行溶血性试验,其中60株菌具有溶血性,32株不具有溶血性。对采样数据进行综合分析,在12个采样地区样品中均有携带,携带率最低为金坛的10%,最高为大丰的30.77%。在3(-1)0月采样期内均有检出,其中从6月份开始增加,7-9月份较其他月份具有比较明显的增加。从病原生物侵染品种上看,此次调查的主要淡水养殖品种嗜水气单胞菌平均品种检出率为17.79%。
The notorious pathogen of Aeromonas hydrophila has high genetic and phenotyping diversity in fisheries aquaculture, which has caused severe mortality of fishes in freshwater fish farming. In this study, we isolated and purified the bacteria from the liver, spleen, kidney, peritoneal effusion and blood of the main reared fishes in Jiangsu region, and tried to unclose the infection prevalence of A. hydrophila. Ninety-two out of the total isolated bacteria(17.79%) were identified as A. hydrophila using API20E method, while 60 out of the 92 isolates were confirmed as A. hydrophila by PCR method, and the other 32 isolates were detected as Aeronmas spp. The hemolytic test showed that 60 out of the 92 isolates were positive. A. hydrophila was detected in all 12 sampling localities, and the highest positive rate(30.77%) occurred in Dafeng, the lowest in Jintan(10.00%). A. hydrophila was detected between March and October, and it increased since June, reaching the peak between July and September. The assessment of A. hydrophila infection in different cultured fish species showed an average detection rate of 17.79%.
The notorious pathogen of Aeromonas hydrophila has high genetic and phenotyping diversity in fisheries aquaculture, which has caused severe mortality of fishes in freshwater fish farming. In this study, we isolated and purified the bacteria from the liver, spleen, kidney, peritoneal effusion and blood of the main reared fishes in Jiangsu region, and tried to unclose the infection prevalence of A. hydrophila. Ninety-two out of the total isolated bacteria(17.79%) were identified as A. hydrophila using API20E method, while 60 out of the 92 isolates were confirmed as A. hydrophila by PCR method, and the other 32 isolates were detected as Aeronmas spp. The hemolytic test showed that 60 out of the 92 isolates were positive. A. hydrophila was detected in all 12 sampling localities, and the highest positive rate(30.77%) occurred in Dafeng, the lowest in Jintan(10.00%). A. hydrophila was detected between March and October, and it increased since June, reaching the peak between July and September. The assessment of A. hydrophila infection in different cultured fish species showed an average detection rate of 17.79%.
引文
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[12]庄健,张治平,曾明华,等.黄鳝出血病病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2016,13(1):23-25.
[13]刘杰,黄艳华,黄钧,等.黄沙鳖源嗜水气单胞菌的致病力与毒力基因型相关性[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(4):698-706.
[14]刘训猛,黄春贵,邹勇,等.发病牛蛙病原鉴定及防治药物筛选[J].河北渔业,2011(2):41-43.
[15]张庆华,马文元,陈彪,等.嗜水气单胞菌引致的金钱鱼细菌性疾病[J].水产学报,2016,40(4):634-643.
[16]刘韬,汪开毓,陈俊杰,等.江苏盐城地区异育银鲫大红鳃疾病病原学研究及病理学观察[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(5):928-934.
[17]方苹,陈静,倪金俤,等.2015年江苏省水产养殖病情监测分析[J].水产养殖,2016,37(9):11-15.
[18]贺文旭,毛会丽,杨利敏,等.豫北地区主要淡水鱼类感染嗜水气单胞菌的流行病学调查[J].水产科学,2016,35(3):278-283.
[19]司力娜,李绍戊,王荻,等.东北三省15株致病性嗜水气单胞菌分离株的药敏实验分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(4):786-790.
[20]曾燕玲.鲫鱼人工感染嗜水气单胞菌的病理组织观察[J].遵义师范学院学报,2015,17(6):86-89.
[21]李楠,郭慧芝,焦冉,等.草鱼的一种急性细菌性传染病病原的分离鉴定及致病性研究[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(6):980-987.
[22]孙承文,任燕,石存斌,等.鲢鳙鱼源致病性嗜水气单胞菌的分离、鉴定[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(9):5-8.
[23]钟妮娜,汪开毓.鲤鱼细菌性败血症及穿孔病病原菌与嗜水气单胞菌标准株特性的比较研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2001,19(1):94-96.
[24]刘训猛,赵宜清,陈静.我国克氏原螯虾病害及防治技术研究进展[J].中国水产,2013(10):64-66.
[25]王友娟,李荣峰,李华,等.辽宁地区养殖淡水鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌的流行病学调查[J].中国农业科技导报,2012,14(4):128-134.
[26]王荻,李绍戊,刘红柏,等.东北三省9株嗜水气单胞菌16S r DNA序列比较研究[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(2):11-15.
[27]连浩淼,李绍戊,张辉,等.三北地区冷水鱼常见病原菌的分布及药敏试验[J].江西农业大学学报,2015,37(2):339-345.
[2]GHENGHESH K S,EL-GHODBAN A,DKAKNI R,et al.Prevalence,species differentiation,haemolytic activity,and antibiotic susceptibility of aeromonads in untreated well water[J].Mem I Oswaldo Cruz,2001,96(2):169-173.
[3]PARK Y H,LEE H C,SONG H G,et al.Recent increase in antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis adversely affects the clinical outcome in Korea[J].J Gastroen Hepatol,2003,18(8):927-933.
[4]RADU S,AHMAD N,LING F H,et al.Prevalence and resistance to antibiotics for Aeromonas species from retail fish in Malaysia[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2003,81(3):261-266.
[5]王玉,冯建军,郭松林,等.嗜水气单胞菌与迟顿爱德华氏菌二联外膜蛋白的表达及其初步免疫原性[J].华中农业大学学报,2015,34(1):96-102.
[6]CLARK N M,CHENOWETH C E.Aeromonas infection of the hepatobiliary system:report of 15 cases and review of the literature[J].Clin Infect Dis,2003,37(4):506-513.
[7]黄艳,韦小瑜,吴成梅,等.一起嗜水气单胞菌引起的食物中毒调查[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2012,24(4):391-393.
[8]胡王,蒋启欢,范腾飞,等.鳊鱼出血病嗜水气单胞菌的分离·鉴定与ERIC-PCR指纹图谱研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(4):2056-2057.
[9]李艳和,杨克礼,潘庭双,等.安徽省斑点叉尾鮰细菌性病原的分离鉴定及药物敏感性分析[J].安徽农业大学学报,2010,37(2):278-283.
[10]刘杰,龙宜楠,李大广,等.罗非鱼烂尾病病原菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验[J].广西畜牧兽医,2014,30(6):316-319.
[11]林天龙,陈日升,等.欧鳗嗜水气单胞菌的分离、鉴定和特性分析[J].福建农业学报,2001,16(4):34-40.
[12]庄健,张治平,曾明华,等.黄鳝出血病病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2016,13(1):23-25.
[13]刘杰,黄艳华,黄钧,等.黄沙鳖源嗜水气单胞菌的致病力与毒力基因型相关性[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(4):698-706.
[14]刘训猛,黄春贵,邹勇,等.发病牛蛙病原鉴定及防治药物筛选[J].河北渔业,2011(2):41-43.
[15]张庆华,马文元,陈彪,等.嗜水气单胞菌引致的金钱鱼细菌性疾病[J].水产学报,2016,40(4):634-643.
[16]刘韬,汪开毓,陈俊杰,等.江苏盐城地区异育银鲫大红鳃疾病病原学研究及病理学观察[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(5):928-934.
[17]方苹,陈静,倪金俤,等.2015年江苏省水产养殖病情监测分析[J].水产养殖,2016,37(9):11-15.
[18]贺文旭,毛会丽,杨利敏,等.豫北地区主要淡水鱼类感染嗜水气单胞菌的流行病学调查[J].水产科学,2016,35(3):278-283.
[19]司力娜,李绍戊,王荻,等.东北三省15株致病性嗜水气单胞菌分离株的药敏实验分析[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(4):786-790.
[20]曾燕玲.鲫鱼人工感染嗜水气单胞菌的病理组织观察[J].遵义师范学院学报,2015,17(6):86-89.
[21]李楠,郭慧芝,焦冉,等.草鱼的一种急性细菌性传染病病原的分离鉴定及致病性研究[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(6):980-987.
[22]孙承文,任燕,石存斌,等.鲢鳙鱼源致病性嗜水气单胞菌的分离、鉴定[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(9):5-8.
[23]钟妮娜,汪开毓.鲤鱼细菌性败血症及穿孔病病原菌与嗜水气单胞菌标准株特性的比较研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2001,19(1):94-96.
[24]刘训猛,赵宜清,陈静.我国克氏原螯虾病害及防治技术研究进展[J].中国水产,2013(10):64-66.
[25]王友娟,李荣峰,李华,等.辽宁地区养殖淡水鱼感染嗜水气单胞菌的流行病学调查[J].中国农业科技导报,2012,14(4):128-134.
[26]王荻,李绍戊,刘红柏,等.东北三省9株嗜水气单胞菌16S r DNA序列比较研究[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(2):11-15.
[27]连浩淼,李绍戊,张辉,等.三北地区冷水鱼常见病原菌的分布及药敏试验[J].江西农业大学学报,2015,37(2):339-345.