日粮添加褐藻糖胶对断奶仔猪抗炎能力和肠道微生物多样性的影响
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摘要
【目的】本试验旨在研究日粮添加海带提取物褐藻糖胶对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质消化率、机体免疫力和肠道微生物多样性的影响。【方法】试验选用36头初始体重为(7.43±0.12) kg的健康仔猪,按照随机区组设计分为3组,每组12头。日粮处理组分别为不含抗生素的基础日粮组、抗生素组和褐藻糖胶组;试验期为28d。评价褐藻糖胶对仔猪生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响;通过比色法和酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中与免疫相关的指标;通过16S rRNA扩增子高通量测序检测试验第0、14和28天肠道微生物多样性。【结果】日粮添加褐藻糖胶可降低试验0–14 d仔猪耗料增重比(P<0.05),但对试验全期仔猪平均日增重和平均日采量无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂褐藻糖胶日粮后,仔猪的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);仔猪饲喂抗生素和褐藻糖胶日粮后,血清IL-22含量显著降低。试验第14天,抗生素组和褐藻糖胶处理组中Bacteroidetes数量呈上升趋势(P=0.07);试验第28天,抗生素组和褐藻糖胶处理组Actinobacteria丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且褐藻糖胶处理组Bacteroides属的菌群丰度显著高于对照组和抗生素组。【结论】日粮添加褐藻糖胶提高了断奶仔猪纤维养分消化率和拟杆菌属的丰富度和多样性,并且降低了促炎性细胞因子IL-22含量,这有助于缓解仔猪的断奶应激反应,建立稳定健康肠道菌群。
[Objective] We studied the effects of dietary fucoidan on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune index in serum, and gut microbiota composition in weaned pigs. [Methods] A total of 36 weaned pigs(body weight 7.43±0.12 kg) were allocated to 3 dietary treatments, and piglets in each group received control diet, control diet containing antibiotic, control diet containing fucoidan for 28 days. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated in piglets. Serum indices related to immunity were measured by spectrophotometric and ELISA assays. Gut microbiota composition was determined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. [Results] A reduction in feed conversion ratio in piglets fed fucoidan supplementation on 0–14 days(P<0.05). The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were increased in fucoidan dietary treatment(P< 0.05). Compared with the control group, the production of interleukin 22 decreased in piglets treated with antibiotic and fucoidan intervention(P<0.05). Piglets provided with antibiotic and fucoidan treatments showed an increased tendency(P=0.07) in the population of Bacteroidetes members on day 14, whereas the abundance of Actinobacteria increased(P<0.05) on day 28. Specifically, there was an increase in the Bacteroides genus in diet containing fucoidan when compared to those in control and antibiotic groups. [Conclusion] Dietary fucoidan improved the fiber digestibility and the richness and diversity of Bacteroides genus, and decreased inflammatory cytokines of IL-22 production in weaned pigs. These changes should alleviate the post-weaning stress and contribute to the establishment of healthy and stable digestive system in weaned pigs.
[Objective] We studied the effects of dietary fucoidan on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune index in serum, and gut microbiota composition in weaned pigs. [Methods] A total of 36 weaned pigs(body weight 7.43±0.12 kg) were allocated to 3 dietary treatments, and piglets in each group received control diet, control diet containing antibiotic, control diet containing fucoidan for 28 days. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated in piglets. Serum indices related to immunity were measured by spectrophotometric and ELISA assays. Gut microbiota composition was determined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. [Results] A reduction in feed conversion ratio in piglets fed fucoidan supplementation on 0–14 days(P<0.05). The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were increased in fucoidan dietary treatment(P< 0.05). Compared with the control group, the production of interleukin 22 decreased in piglets treated with antibiotic and fucoidan intervention(P<0.05). Piglets provided with antibiotic and fucoidan treatments showed an increased tendency(P=0.07) in the population of Bacteroidetes members on day 14, whereas the abundance of Actinobacteria increased(P<0.05) on day 28. Specifically, there was an increase in the Bacteroides genus in diet containing fucoidan when compared to those in control and antibiotic groups. [Conclusion] Dietary fucoidan improved the fiber digestibility and the richness and diversity of Bacteroides genus, and decreased inflammatory cytokines of IL-22 production in weaned pigs. These changes should alleviate the post-weaning stress and contribute to the establishment of healthy and stable digestive system in weaned pigs.
引文
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[17]Kong Q,Dong SY,Gao J,Jiang CY.In vitro fermentation of sulfated polysaccharides from E.prolifera and L.japonica by human fecal microbiota.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2016,91:867-871.
[18]You JM,Guo XB,Wang ZR,Zou TD,Yang J.Immunomodulatory regulate of seaweed polysaccharides and its application in animal production.Feed Industry,2017,38(20):1-5.(in Chinese)游金明,郭晓波,王自蕊,邹田德,杨晋.海藻多糖的免疫调节作用及其在畜禽生产中的应用.饲料工业,2017,38(20):1-5.
[19]Wang YF,Meng QY.Advances in the study on immunoregulation effect of algal polysaccharides and its mechanism.Chinese Marine Drugs,2006,25(3):50-54.(in Chinese)王亚飞,孟庆勇.藻类多糖的免疫调节作用及机制研究进展.中国海洋药物,2006,25(3):50-54.
[20]Jose GM,Kurup GM.The efficacy of sulfated polysaccharides from Padina tetrastromatica in modulating the immune functions of RAW 264.7 cells.Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy,2017,88:677-683.
[21]Begue B,Verdier J,Rieux-Laucat F,Goulet O,Morali A,Canioni D,Hugot JP,Daussy C,Verkarre V,Pigneur B,Fischer A,Klein C,Cerf-Bensussan N,Ruemmele FM.Defective IL10 signaling defining a subgroup of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.The American Journal of Gastroenterology,2011,106(8):1544-1555.
[22]Lindemans CA,Calafiore M,Mertelsmann AM,O’Connor MH,Dudakov JA,Jenq RR,Velardi E,Young LF,Smith OM,Lawrence G,Ivanov JA,Fu YY,Takashima S,Hua GQ,Martin ML,O’Rourke KP,Lo YH,Mokry M,Romera-Hernandez M,Cupedo T,Dow LE,Nieuwenhuis EE,Shroyer NF,Liu C,Kolesnick R,van den Brink MRM,Hanash AM.Interleukin-22 promotes intestinal-stem-cellmediated epithelial regeneration.Nature,2015,528(7583):560-564.
[23]Zou J,Chassaing B,Singh V,Pellizzon M,Ricci M,Fythe MD,Kumar MV,Gewirtz AT.Fiber-mediated nourishment of gut microbiota protects against diet-induced obesity by restoring IL-22-mediated colonic health.Cell Host&Microbe,2018,23(1):41-53.e4.
[24]Schokker D,Zhang J,Zhang LL,Vastenhouw SA,Heilig HGHJ,Smidt H,Rebel JMJ,Smits MA.Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.PLoS ONE,2014,9(6):e100040.
[25]Koropatkin NM,Cameron EA,Martens EC.How glycan metabolism shapes the human gut microbiota.Nature Reviews Microbiology,2012,10(5):323-335.
[26]Ormerod KL,Wood DLA,Lachner N,Gellatly SL,Daly JN,Parsons JD,Dal'Molin CGO,Palfreyman RW,Nielsen LK,Cooper MA,Morrison M,Hansbro PM,Hugenholtz P.Genomic characterization of the uncultured Bacteroidales family S24-7 inhabiting the guts of homeothermic animals.Microbiome,2016,4(1):36.
[27]Sonnenburg ED,Zheng HJ,Joglekar P,Higginbottom SK,Firbank SJ,Bolam DN,Sonnenburg JL.Specificity of polysaccharide use in intestinal bacteroides species determines diet-induced microbiota alterations.Cell,2010,141(7):1241-1252.
[28]Wlodarska M,Luo CW,Kolde R,d’Hennezel E,Annand JW,Heim CE,Krastel P,Schmitt EK,Omar AS,Creasey EA,Garner AL,Mohammadi S,O’Connell DJ,Abubucker S,Arthur TD,Franzosa EA,Huttenhower C,Murphy LO,Haiser HJ,Vlamakis H,Porter JA,Xavier RJ.Indoleacrylic acid produced by commensal Peptostreptococcus species suppresses inflammation.Cell Host&Microbe,2017,22(1):25-37.e6.
[29]Desai MS,Seekatz AM,Koropatkin NM,Kamada N,Hickey CA,Wolter M,Pudlo NA,Kitamoto S,Terrapon N,Muller A,Young VB,Henrissat B,Wilmes P,Stappenbeck TS,Nú?ez G,Martens EC.A dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility.Cell,2016,167(5):1339-1353.e21.
[30]Goodrich JK,Waters JL,Poole AC,Sutter JL,Koren O,Blekhman R,Beaumont M,van Treuren W,Knight R,Bell JT,Spector TD,Clark AG,Ley RE.Human genetics shape the gut microbiome.Cell,2014,159(4):789-799.
[2]Van Boeckel TP,Glennon EE,Chen D,Gilbert M,Robinson TP,Grenfell BT,Levin SA,Bonhoeffer S,Laxminarayan R.Reducing antimicrobial use in food animals.Science,2017,357(6358):1350-1352.
[3]LüHT,Gao YJ,Shan H,Lin YT.Preparation and antibacterial activity studies of degraded polysaccharide selenide from Enteromorpha prolifera.Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,107:98-102.
[4]Heim G,Sweeney T,O’Shea CJ,Doyle DN,O’Doherty JV.Effect of maternal supplementation with seaweed extracts on growth performance and aspects of gastrointestinal health of newly weaned piglets after challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88.British Journal of Nutrition,2014,112(12):1955-1965.
[5]Leonard SG,Sweeney T,Bahar B,Lynch BP,O’Doherty JV.Effects of dietary seaweed extract supplementation in sows and post-weaned pigs on performance,intestinal morphology,intestinal microflora and immune status.British Journal of Nutrition,2011,106(5):688-699.
[6]DevilléC,Damas J,Forget P,Dandrifosse G,Peulen O.Laminarin in the dietary fibre concept.Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2004,84(9):1030-1038.
[7]Zhu WH,Guan HS,Xia X.Research progress of brown algae extracts in production of swine and poultry.Feed Industry,2014,35(20):1-6.(in Chinese)朱文慧,管华诗,夏萱.褐藻提取物及其在猪、鸡生产中的应用研究进展.饲料工业,2014,35(20):1-6.
[8]Marais MF,Joseleau JP.A fucoidan fraction from Ascophyllum nodosum.Carbohydrate Research,2001,336(2):155-159.
[9]Okolie CL,Rajendran SRCK,Udenigwe CC,Aryee ANA,Mason B.Prospects of brown seaweed polysaccharides(BSP)as prebiotics and potential immunomodulators.Journal of Food Biochemistry,2017,41(5):e12392.
[10]Sun C.Resource development and degradation mechanism study of brown-seaweed degrading bacteria based on polyphasic taxonomy and genomics.Doctor Dissertation of Zhejiang University,2016.(in Chinese)孙聪.基于多相分类学及基因组学的褐藻降解细菌的资源开发及降解机制研究.浙江大学博士学位论文,2016.
[11]Chen H,Wang W,Degroote J,Possemiers S,Chen DW,de Smet S,Michiels J.Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.The Journal of Nutrition,2015,145(1):51-58.
[12]Trompette A,Gollwitzer ES,Yadava K,Sichelstiel AK,Sprenger N,Ngom-Bru C,Blanchard C,Junt T,Nicod LP,Harris NL,Marsland BJ.Gut microbiota metabolism of dietary fiber influences allergic airway disease and hematopoiesis.Nature Medicine,2014,20(2):159-166.
[13]McDonnell P,Figat S,O’Doherty JV.The effect of dietary laminarin and fucoidan in the diet of the weanling piglet on performance,selected faecal microbial populations and volatile fatty acid concentrations.Animal,2010,4(4):579-585.
[14]O’Doherty JV,Dillon S,Figat S,Callan JJ,Sweeney T.The effects of lactose inclusion and seaweed extract derived from Laminaria spp.on performance,digestibility of diet components and microbial populations in newly weaned pigs.Animal Feed Science and Technology,2010,157(3/4):173-180.
[15]Reilly P,O’Doherty JV,Pierce KM,Callan JJ,O’Sullivan JT,Sweeney T.The effects of seaweed extract inclusion on gut morphology,selected intestinal microbiota,nutrient digestibility,volatile fatty acid concentrations and the immune status of the weaned pig.Animal,2008,2(10):1465-1473.
[16]Gardiner GE,Campbell AJ,O’Doherty JV,Pierce E,Lynch PB,Leonard FC,Stanton C,Ross RP,Lawlor PG.Effect of Ascophyllum nodosum extract on growth performance,digestibility,carcass characteristics and selected intestinal microflora populations of grower-finisher pigs.Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,141(3/4):259-273.
[17]Kong Q,Dong SY,Gao J,Jiang CY.In vitro fermentation of sulfated polysaccharides from E.prolifera and L.japonica by human fecal microbiota.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2016,91:867-871.
[18]You JM,Guo XB,Wang ZR,Zou TD,Yang J.Immunomodulatory regulate of seaweed polysaccharides and its application in animal production.Feed Industry,2017,38(20):1-5.(in Chinese)游金明,郭晓波,王自蕊,邹田德,杨晋.海藻多糖的免疫调节作用及其在畜禽生产中的应用.饲料工业,2017,38(20):1-5.
[19]Wang YF,Meng QY.Advances in the study on immunoregulation effect of algal polysaccharides and its mechanism.Chinese Marine Drugs,2006,25(3):50-54.(in Chinese)王亚飞,孟庆勇.藻类多糖的免疫调节作用及机制研究进展.中国海洋药物,2006,25(3):50-54.
[20]Jose GM,Kurup GM.The efficacy of sulfated polysaccharides from Padina tetrastromatica in modulating the immune functions of RAW 264.7 cells.Biomedicine&Pharmacotherapy,2017,88:677-683.
[21]Begue B,Verdier J,Rieux-Laucat F,Goulet O,Morali A,Canioni D,Hugot JP,Daussy C,Verkarre V,Pigneur B,Fischer A,Klein C,Cerf-Bensussan N,Ruemmele FM.Defective IL10 signaling defining a subgroup of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.The American Journal of Gastroenterology,2011,106(8):1544-1555.
[22]Lindemans CA,Calafiore M,Mertelsmann AM,O’Connor MH,Dudakov JA,Jenq RR,Velardi E,Young LF,Smith OM,Lawrence G,Ivanov JA,Fu YY,Takashima S,Hua GQ,Martin ML,O’Rourke KP,Lo YH,Mokry M,Romera-Hernandez M,Cupedo T,Dow LE,Nieuwenhuis EE,Shroyer NF,Liu C,Kolesnick R,van den Brink MRM,Hanash AM.Interleukin-22 promotes intestinal-stem-cellmediated epithelial regeneration.Nature,2015,528(7583):560-564.
[23]Zou J,Chassaing B,Singh V,Pellizzon M,Ricci M,Fythe MD,Kumar MV,Gewirtz AT.Fiber-mediated nourishment of gut microbiota protects against diet-induced obesity by restoring IL-22-mediated colonic health.Cell Host&Microbe,2018,23(1):41-53.e4.
[24]Schokker D,Zhang J,Zhang LL,Vastenhouw SA,Heilig HGHJ,Smidt H,Rebel JMJ,Smits MA.Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.PLoS ONE,2014,9(6):e100040.
[25]Koropatkin NM,Cameron EA,Martens EC.How glycan metabolism shapes the human gut microbiota.Nature Reviews Microbiology,2012,10(5):323-335.
[26]Ormerod KL,Wood DLA,Lachner N,Gellatly SL,Daly JN,Parsons JD,Dal'Molin CGO,Palfreyman RW,Nielsen LK,Cooper MA,Morrison M,Hansbro PM,Hugenholtz P.Genomic characterization of the uncultured Bacteroidales family S24-7 inhabiting the guts of homeothermic animals.Microbiome,2016,4(1):36.
[27]Sonnenburg ED,Zheng HJ,Joglekar P,Higginbottom SK,Firbank SJ,Bolam DN,Sonnenburg JL.Specificity of polysaccharide use in intestinal bacteroides species determines diet-induced microbiota alterations.Cell,2010,141(7):1241-1252.
[28]Wlodarska M,Luo CW,Kolde R,d’Hennezel E,Annand JW,Heim CE,Krastel P,Schmitt EK,Omar AS,Creasey EA,Garner AL,Mohammadi S,O’Connell DJ,Abubucker S,Arthur TD,Franzosa EA,Huttenhower C,Murphy LO,Haiser HJ,Vlamakis H,Porter JA,Xavier RJ.Indoleacrylic acid produced by commensal Peptostreptococcus species suppresses inflammation.Cell Host&Microbe,2017,22(1):25-37.e6.
[29]Desai MS,Seekatz AM,Koropatkin NM,Kamada N,Hickey CA,Wolter M,Pudlo NA,Kitamoto S,Terrapon N,Muller A,Young VB,Henrissat B,Wilmes P,Stappenbeck TS,Nú?ez G,Martens EC.A dietary fiber-deprived gut microbiota degrades the colonic mucus barrier and enhances pathogen susceptibility.Cell,2016,167(5):1339-1353.e21.
[30]Goodrich JK,Waters JL,Poole AC,Sutter JL,Koren O,Blekhman R,Beaumont M,van Treuren W,Knight R,Bell JT,Spector TD,Clark AG,Ley RE.Human genetics shape the gut microbiome.Cell,2014,159(4):789-799.