中国山区农村土地利用转型解析
|
摘要
山区土地开发及其导致的资源环境问题是农业社会人地关系紧张的体现,工业化、城镇化进程中劳动力转移减轻了山区农村土地的人为扰动,由此驱动土地利用发生转型,引发一系列自然和社会经济效应。按照"土地利用转型—驱动力—效应—响应"的分析框架,剖析中国山区农村土地利用转型的特征和规律,提出山区农村土地整治的响应措施。研究表明:(1)山区农村土地利用转型体现出土地利用形态在长期变化过程中的趋势性转折,显性形态转型即由农业社会的耕地扩张和林地收缩演变为城镇化进程中的耕地收缩和林地恢复性增长,隐性形态转型即伴随上述过程发生的土地边际化及生态功能恢复;(2)社会经济因素主导山区农村土地利用转型过程,劳动力转移引发土地人为扰动减轻是直接驱动力,务农机会成本上升、恶劣的生存环境等引发劳动力转移的因素是更为根本的驱动力;(3)山区农村土地利用转型降低了土地生态系统脆弱性并提高了其生态安全屏障功能,其社会经济效应应聚焦山区农村发展与农户生计安全层面,并亟需实证研究的支撑;(4)当前山区农村土地利用转型是自然恢复和生态优化的良性过程,有着经济社会发展的必然规律,山区农村土地整治要顺应其土地利用转型规律,目标导向从耕地数量增加转向生态环境保护与社会经济福祉协同提升。
In agricultural society, the cultivation of mountainous land was a representative of intensified contradiction between human and land which resulted in water loss and soil erosion.With the rapid urbanization and industrialization in poverty-stricken mountainous areas, the labor emigration relieves this contradiction significantly, and leads to land use transition, which results in a series of natural and socio-economic changes. This research built an analysis framework of "Land use transition-driving mechanism-effects-responses" in mountainous land use transition and then put forward the further direction of mountainous land reclamation.The results indicate that:(1) The tendency change of land use morphology was the core of rural land use transition in mountainous areas. The expansion of cropland, as well as the contraction of forest land in agricultural society, has changed to the abandonment of cropland and the expansion of forest land is the main characteristic of the dominant land use morphology transition. Land marginalization and land ecological functional recovery are the main characteristics of the recessive land use morphology transition in mountainous areas.(2) Socioeconomic factors are the primary driving forces during the mountainous land use transition.Labor emigration is the direct driving forces. Meanwhile, the rising costs of farming opportunities, and the harsh living environment that lead to labor emigration are the root cause for mountainous land use transition.(3) The transition of rural land use in mountainous areas reduces the vulnerability of land ecosystem and improves its ecological security barrier function. The advantages and disadvantages of its socio-economic effects should focus on rural development of mountainous areas and the livelihood of farmers, and need to be supported by empirical and quantitative researches.(4) The transition of land use in rural areas is a benign process of natural restoration and ecological optimization. The rural land remediation in mountainous areas should conform to the law of land use transition, and the target orientation will shift from the increase of cultivated land to the synergies of ecological and environmental protection.
In agricultural society, the cultivation of mountainous land was a representative of intensified contradiction between human and land which resulted in water loss and soil erosion.With the rapid urbanization and industrialization in poverty-stricken mountainous areas, the labor emigration relieves this contradiction significantly, and leads to land use transition, which results in a series of natural and socio-economic changes. This research built an analysis framework of "Land use transition-driving mechanism-effects-responses" in mountainous land use transition and then put forward the further direction of mountainous land reclamation.The results indicate that:(1) The tendency change of land use morphology was the core of rural land use transition in mountainous areas. The expansion of cropland, as well as the contraction of forest land in agricultural society, has changed to the abandonment of cropland and the expansion of forest land is the main characteristic of the dominant land use morphology transition. Land marginalization and land ecological functional recovery are the main characteristics of the recessive land use morphology transition in mountainous areas.(2) Socioeconomic factors are the primary driving forces during the mountainous land use transition.Labor emigration is the direct driving forces. Meanwhile, the rising costs of farming opportunities, and the harsh living environment that lead to labor emigration are the root cause for mountainous land use transition.(3) The transition of rural land use in mountainous areas reduces the vulnerability of land ecosystem and improves its ecological security barrier function. The advantages and disadvantages of its socio-economic effects should focus on rural development of mountainous areas and the livelihood of farmers, and need to be supported by empirical and quantitative researches.(4) The transition of land use in rural areas is a benign process of natural restoration and ecological optimization. The rural land remediation in mountainous areas should conform to the law of land use transition, and the target orientation will shift from the increase of cultivated land to the synergies of ecological and environmental protection.
引文
[1]Zeng Zaozao,Fang Xiuqi,Ye Yu.The process of land cultivation based on settlement names in Jilin province in the past300 years.Acta Geographica Sinica,2011,66(7):985-993.[曾早早,方修琦,叶瑜.基于聚落地名记录的过去300年吉林省土地开垦过程.地理学报,2011,66(7):985-993.]
[2]Zhang Bailin,Cai Weimin,Zhang Fengrong,et al.Spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements and its driving forces in Yishui County,Shandong Province from Sui Dynasty to 1949.Geographical Research,2016,35(6):1141-1150.[张佰林,蔡为民,张凤荣,等.隋朝至1949年山东省沂水县农村居民点的时空格局及驱动力.地理研究,2016,35(6):1141-1150.]
[3]Han Maoli,Zhang Yi,Fang Chen,et al.Location and environment of the settlements and man-land relationship in West Liaohe River Basin since Holocene.Geographical Research,2008,27(5):1118-1128.[韩茂莉,张一,方晨,等.全新世以来西辽河流域聚落环境选择与人地关系.地理研究,2008,27(5):1118-1128.]
[4]Wang Han.The land reclamation and its influence on ecological environment in Suide-zhou during Qing Dynasty.Agricultural History of China,2010(2):22-31.[王晗.清代绥德直隶州土地垦殖及其对生态环境的影响.中国农史,2010(2):22-31.]
[5]Li Cuizhen,Xu Jianchun,Kong Xiangbin.Farm household livelihood diversity and land use in suburban areas of the metropolis:The case study of Daxing District,Beijing.Geographical Research,2012,31(6):1039-1049.[李翠珍,徐建春,孔祥斌.大都市郊区农户生计多样化及对土地利用的影响:以北京市大兴区为例.地理研究,2012,31(6):1039-1049.]
[6]Yan Jianzhong,Wu Yingying,Zhang Yili,et al.Livelihood diversification of peasants and nomads of eastern transect in Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2009,64(2):221-233.[阎建忠,吴莹莹,张镱锂,等.青藏高原东部样带农牧民生计的多样化.地理学报,2009,64(2):221-233.]
[7]Liu Yansui,Li Jintao.Geographic detection and optimizing decision of the differentiation mechanism of rural poverty in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(1):161-173.[刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策.地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.]
[8]Wang Liping,Wang Cheng,Li Xiaoqing.Research on rural household differentiation based on the quantification of livelihood assets:Evidence from 471 rural households in Bailin Village,Shapingba District,Chongqing city.Geographical Research,2012,31(5):945-954.[王利平,王成,李晓庆,等.基于生计资产量化的农户分化研究:以重庆市沙坪坝区白林村471户农户为例.地理研究,2012,31(5):945-954.]
[9]Zhang Bailin,Zhang Fengrong,Qu Baode,et al.Rural non-agricultural differences and their driving forces at the county level:A case study of 16 villages in Yishui,Shandong,East China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(6):1008-1021.[张佰林,张凤荣,曲宝德,等.山东省沂水县农村非农化程度差异及驱动力.地理学报,2015,70(6):1008-1021.]
[10]Tian Yujun,Li Xiubin,Ma Guoxia,et al.Influences of labor emigration from agriculture on the production abandonment of cultivated land in ecological sensitive areas.China Land Science,2010,24(7):4-9.[田玉军,李秀彬,马国霞,等.劳动力析出对生态脆弱区耕地撂荒的影响.中国土地科学,2010,24(7):4-9.]
[11]Li Xiubin.Theoretical hypotheses about agricultural land use changes and the relevant propositions about environmental impacts.Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(11):1124-1129.[李秀彬.农地利用变化假说与相关的环境效应命题.地球科学进展,2008,23(11):1124-1129.]
[12]Long Hualou,Li Xiubin.Analysis of regional land use transition:A case study in transect of the Yangtze River.Journal of Natural Resources,2002,17(2):144-149.[龙花楼,李秀彬.区域土地利用转型分析:以长江沿线样带为例.自然资源学报,2002,17(2):144-149.]
[13]Long Hualou.Land use transition and rural transformation development.Progress in Geography,2012,31(2):131-138.[龙花楼.论土地利用转型与乡村转型发展.地理科学进展,2012,31(2):131-138.]
[14]Song Xiaoqing.Discussion on land use transition research framework.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(3):471-487.[宋小青.论土地利用转型的研究框架.地理学报,2017,72(3):471-487.]
[15]Qu Futian,Chen Jianglong,Chen Wen.Theoretical and empirical study on the land conversion economic driving forces.Journal of Natural Resources,2005,20(2):231-241.[曲福田,陈江龙,陈雯.农地非农化经济驱动机制的理论分析与实证研究.自然资源学报,2005,20(2):231-241.]
[16]Wu Cifang,Yang Zhirong.Comparatively study on land conversion driving factor:Theory and empirical analysis.Journal of Zhejiang University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2008,38(2):29-37.[吴次芳,杨志荣.经济发达地区农地非农化的驱动因素比较研究:理论与实证.浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,38(2):29-37.]
[17]Zhang Anlu.The mechanism agricultural land transfer and the institutional innovation of urban-rural eco-economic fringe area.Chinese Rural Economy,1999(7):43-49.[张安录.城乡生态经济交错区农地城市流转机制与制度创新.中国农村经济,1999(7):43-49.]
[18]Zhang Fengrong,An Pingli,Kong Xiangbin,et al.Use and protection of cultivated land and prime farmland in comprehensive land use planning of Beijing.China Land Science,2005,19(1):10-16.[张凤荣,安萍莉,孔祥斌.北京市土地利用总体规划中的耕地和基本农田保护规划之我见.中国土地科学,2005,19(1):10-16.]
[19]Li Shengfa,Li Xiubin,Xin Liangjie,et al.Extent and distribution of cropland abandonment in Chinese mountainous areas.Resources Science,2017,39(10):1801-1811.[李升发,李秀彬,辛良杰,等.中国山区耕地撂荒程度及空间分布:基于全国山区抽样调查结果.资源科学,2017,39(10):1801-1811.]
[20]Li Xiubin,Zhao Yuluan.Forest transition,agricultural land marginalization and ecological restoration.China Population,Resources and Environment,2011,21(10):91-95.[李秀彬,赵宇鸾.森林转型、农地边际化与生态恢复.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(10):91-95.]
[21]Shao Jing'an,Zhang Shichao,Li Xiubin.Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas:Characteristics,influencing factors and policy implications.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(6):701-722.
[22]Hao Haiguang,Li Xiubin,Zhang Huiyuan,et al.Impact of the opportunity cost of farming labor on the agricultural land marginalization.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2015,29(3):50-56.[郝海广,李秀彬,张惠远,等.劳动力务农机会成本对农地边际化的驱动作用.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(3):50-56.]
[23]Liu Yansui,Liu Yu,Zhai Rongxin.Geographical research and optimizing practice of rural hollowing in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2009,64(10):1193-1202.[刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践.地理学报,2009,64(10):1193-1202.]
[24]Song Wei,Chen Baiming,Zhang Ying.Typical survey and analysis on influencing factors of village-hollowing of rural housing land in China.Geographical Research,2013,32(1):20-28.[宋伟,陈百明,张英.中国村庄宅基地空心化评价及其影响因素.地理研究,2013,32(1):20-28.]
[25]Grainger A.The forest transition:An alternative approach.Area,1995,27(3):242-251.
[26]Grainger A.National land use morphology:Patterns and possibilities.Geography,1995,80(3):235-245.
[27]Long Hualou.Land use transition and land management.Geographical Research,2015,34(9):1607-1618.[龙花楼.论土地利用转型与土地资源管理.地理研究,2015,34(9):1607-1618.]
[28]Qu Yi,Long Hualou.The integrated research on regional land use recessive morphology from the perspectives of exploitation and output:The case of the Huang-Huai-Hai Region.Geographical Research,2017,36(1):61-73.[曲艺,龙花楼.基于开发利用与产出视角的区域土地利用隐性形态综合研究:以黄淮海地区为例.地理研究,2017,36(1):61-73.]
[29]Han Maoli,Zhang Weiwei.Spatial and temporal variation of settlements of Bairin Left Banner in Xiliao River Valley in the first half of 20th century.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2009,29(1):71-77.[韩茂莉,张暐伟.20世纪上半叶西辽河流域巴林左旗聚落空间演变特征分析.地理科学,2009,29(1):71-77.]
[30]Li Shengfa,Li Xiubin.Progress and prospect on farmland abandonment.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(3):370-389.[李升发,李秀彬.耕地撂荒研究进展与展望.地理学报,2016,71(3):370-389.]
[31]Mac D D,Crabtree J R,Wiesinger G.Agricultural abandonment in mountain areas of Europe:Environmental consequences and policy response.Journal of Environmental Management,2000,59(1):47-69.
[32]Zhang Ying,Li Xiubin,Song Wei,et al.Effect of agricultural laborer on cropland abandonment under land circulation at different levels in Wulong County,Chongqing City.Progress in Geography,2014,33(4):552-560.[张英,李秀彬,宋伟,等.重庆市武隆县农地流转下农业劳动力对耕地撂荒的不同尺度影响.地理科学进展,2014,33(4):552-560.]
[33]Zhang Ying,Li Xiubin,Song Wei.Determinants of cropland abandonment at the parcel,household and village levels in mountain areas of China:A multi-level analysis.Land Use Policy,2014,41:186-192.
[34]Yamada S,Okubo S,Kitagawa Y.Restoration of weed communities in abandoned rice paddy fields in the Tama Hills,central Japan.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2007,119:88-102.
[35]Clay D C,Reardon T,Kangasniemi J.Sustainable intensification in the highland tropics:Rwandan farmers'investments in land conservation and soil fertility.Economic Development and Cultural Change,1998,46(2):351-378.
[36]Holden S,Shiferaw B,Pender J.No-farm income,household welfare,and sustainable land management in a lessfavoured area in the Ethiopian highlands.Food Policy,2004,29:369-392.
[37]Zhang Bailin,Yang Qingyuan,Yan Yan,et al.Characteristics and reasons of different households'farming abandonment behavior in the process of rapid urbanization:Based on a survey from 540 households in 10 counties of Chongqing Municipality.Resources Science,2011,33(11):2047-2054.[张佰林,杨庆媛,严燕,等.快速城镇化进程中不同类型农户弃耕特点及原因:基于重庆市十区县540户农户调查.资源科学,2011,33(11):2047-2054.]
[38]Chen Xinpei,Xin Guixin,Wei Chaofu.An analysis of farmland abandonment in poor mountainous areas and its influencing factors:A case study of four villages in two townships of Youyang County,Chongqing.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2016,38(9):166-174.[陈心佩,信桂新,魏朝富.贫困山区弃耕撂荒及其影响因素分析:以重庆市酉阳县两乡四村为例.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(9):166-174.]
[39]Shao Jing'an,Zhang Shichao,Li Xiubin.Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas:Characteristics,influencing factors and policy implications.Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(2):227-242.[邵景安,张仕超,李秀彬.山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义.地理学报,2014,69(2):227-242.]
[40]Long Hualou,Li Tingting.Analysis of the coupling of farmland and rural housing land transition in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(2):201-210.[龙花楼,李婷婷.中国耕地和农村宅基地利用转型耦合分析.地理学报,2012,67(2):201-210.]
[41]Feng Jian,Du Yu.The aspiration of renovation of hollow villages:An investigation of Xiji County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Human Geography,2016,31(6):39-48.[冯健,杜瑀.空心村整治意愿及其影响因素:基于宁夏西吉县的调查.人文地理,2016,31(6):39-48.]
[42]Yang Ren,Liu Yansui,Chen Yangfen.Comprehensive measure and partition of rural hollowing in China.Geographical Research,2012,31(9):1697-1706.[杨忍,刘彦随,陈秧分.中国农村空心化综合测度与分区.地理研究,2012,31(9):1697-1706.]
[43]Wang Jinliang,Shao Jing'an,Li Yangbing.Geo-spectrum based analysis of crop and forest land use change in the recent20 years in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(2):235-247.[王金亮,邵景安,李阳兵.近20a三峡库区农林地利用变化图谱特征分析.自然资源学报,2015,30(2):235-247.]
[44]Shao Jing'an,Guo Yue,Chen Yong,et al.Characteristics of forest landscape degradation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)in the past 20 years.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2014,36(11):1-11.[邵景安,郭跃,陈勇,等.近20年三峡库区(重庆段)森林景观退化特征.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(11):1-11.]
[45]Shi Tiechou,Xu Xiaohong.Extraction and validation of abandoned farmland parcel in typical counties of Chongqing.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(24):261-267.[史铁丑,徐晓红.重庆市典型县撂荒耕地图斑的提取与验证.农业工程学报,2016,32(24):261-267.]
[46]Song Shixiong,Liang Xiaoying,Mei Yajun,et al.Modeling and simulating land abandonment behavior of farmer households based on the CBDI.Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(11):1926-1937.[宋世雄,梁小英,梅亚军,等.基于CBDI的农户耕地撂荒行为模型构建及模拟研究:以陕西省米脂县冯阳坬村为例.自然资源学报,2016,31(11):1926-1937.]
[47]He Weifeng,Yan Jianzhong,Zhou Hong,et al.The micro-mechanism of forest transition:A case study in the mountainous areas of Chongqing.Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(1):102-113.[何威风,阎建忠,周洪,等.森林转型的微观机制:以重庆市山区为例.自然资源学报,2016,31(1):102-113.]
[48]Mather A S.The forest transition.Area,1992,24(4):367-379.
[49]Mather A S.Recent Asian forest transitions in relation to forest-transition theory.International Forestry Review,2007,9(1):491-502.
[50]Deng Hua,Shao Jing'an,Wang Jinliang,et al.Land use driving forces and its future scenario simulation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area using CLUE-S model.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(11):1979-1997.[邓华,邵景安,王金亮,等.多因素耦合下三峡库区土地利用未来情景模拟.地理学报,2016,71(11):1979-1997.]
[51]Liu Chengwu,Li Xiubin.The character and diagnostic criterion for marginiastion of the arable land.Progress in Geography,2005,24(2):106-113.[刘成武,李秀彬.农地边际化的表现特征及其诊断标准.地理科学进展,2005,24(2):106-113.]
[52]Tian Yujun,Li Xiubin,Ma Guoxia.Impacts of household labor and land endowment on rural-to-urban labor migration:A case study on mountainous areas of southern Ningxia.Resources Science,2010,32(11):2160-2164.[田玉军,李秀彬,马国霞.耕地和劳动力禀赋对农村劳动力外出务工影响的实证分析:以宁夏南部山区为例.资源科学,2010,32(11):2160-2164.]
[53]Long Hualou.Rural housing land transition in China:Theory and verification.Acta Geographica Sinica,2006,61(10):1093-1100.[龙花楼.中国农村宅基地转型的理论与证实.地理学报,2006,61(10):1093-1100.]
[54]Guo Chunyang,Gao Jianhua,Fan Pengfei,et al.Land use transition and hotspots detection in Yongcheng City based on the grid scale.China Land Sciences,2016,30(4):43-51.[郭椿阳,高建华,樊鹏飞,等.基于格网尺度的永城市土地利用转型研究与热点探测.中国土地科学,2016,30(4):43-51.]
[55]Chen Long,Zhou Shenglu,Zhou Bingbing,et al.Characteristics and driving forces of regional land use transition based on the leading function classification:A case study of Jiangsu Province.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):155-162.[陈龙,周生路,周兵兵,等.基于主导功能的江苏省土地利用转型特征与驱动力.经济地理,2015,35(2):155-162.]
[56]Liu Yongqiang,Long Hualou.Land use transitions and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(4):666-679.[刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报,2016,71(4):666-679.]
[57]Lv Ligang,Zhou Shenglu,Zhou Bingbing,et al.Land use transformation and its eco-environmental response in process of the regional development:A case study of Jiangsu Province.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(12):1442-1449.[吕立刚,周生路,周兵兵,等.区域发展过程中土地利用转型及其生态环境响应研究:以江苏省为例.地理科学,2013,33(12):1442-1449.]
[58]Xiang Jingwei,Li Jiangfeng,Zeng Jie.Spatial difference and its influence factors of cultivated land transition of poverty counties in west of Hubei.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(1):272-279.[向敬伟,李江风,曾杰.鄂西贫困县耕地利用转型空间分异及其影响因素.农业工程学报,2016,32(1):272-279.]
[59]Qu Yi,Long Hualou.Spatial differentiation of the recessive morphology of urban land use and its influential factors:A case study of 289 prefecture-level cities in China.Economic Geography,2016,36(10):1-8.[曲艺,龙花楼.城市土地利用隐性形态空间分异及其影响因素:以中国289个地级以上城市为例.经济地理,2016,36(10):1-8.]
[60]Guo Liying,Di Liping,Li Gang,et al.GIS-based detection of land use transformation in the Loess Plateau:A case study in Baota District,Shaanxi Province,China.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(12):1467-1478.
[61]Li Tingting,Long Hualou,Liu Yongqiang,et al.Multi-scale analysis of rural housing land transition under China's rapid urbanization:The case of Bohai Rim.Habitat International,2015,48:227-238.
[62]Liao Liuwen,Qin Jianxin,Liu Yongqiang,et al.Study on ecological elasticity of Hunan Province based on land use transition.Economic Geography,2015,35(9):16-23.[廖柳文,秦建新,刘永强,等.基于土地利用转型的湖南省生态弹性研究.经济地理,2015,35(9):16-23.]
[63]Li Xiubin.Explanation of land use changes.Progress in Geography,2002,21(3):195-203.[李秀彬.土地利用变化的解释.地理科学进展,2002,21(3):195-203.]
[64]Li Shiji,Li Xiubin,Tan Minghong.Impacts of rural-urban migration on vegetation cover in ecologically fragile areas:Taking Inner Mongolia as a case.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(10):1622-1631.[李仕冀,李秀彬,谈明洪.乡村人口迁出对生态脆弱地区植被覆被的影响:以内蒙古自治区为例.地理学报,2015,70(10):1622-1631.]
[65]Xin Liangjie,Li Xiubin,Tan Minghong,et al.The rise of ordinary labor wage and its effect on agricultural land use in present China.Geographical Research,2011,30(8):1391-1400.[辛良杰,李秀彬,谈明洪,等.近年来我国普通劳动者工资变化及其对农地利用的影响.地理研究,2011,30(8):1391-1400.]
[66]Shi Tiechou,Li Xiubin.Farmland abandonment in Europe and its enlightenment to China.Geography and GeoInformation Science,2013,29(3):101-103.[史铁丑,李秀彬.欧洲耕地撂荒研究及对我国的启示.地理与地理信息科学,2013,29(3):101-103.]
[67]Liu Ting,Shao Jing'an.Spatial and temporal variation of soil erosion under different land uses in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,14(3):1-9.[刘婷,邵景安.三峡库区不同土地利用背景下的土壤侵蚀时空变化及其分布规律.中国水土保持科学,2016,14(3):1-9.]
[68]State Forestry Administration,P.R.C.China Forest Resources Report:Seventh National Forest Resource Inventory.Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2009.[国家林业局.中国森林资源报告:第七次全国森林资源清查.北京:中国林业出版社,2009.]
[69]La B.Hydrological functions of tropical forests:Not seeing the soil for the trees?Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2004,104(1):185-228.
[70]Molinillo M,Lasanta T,García-Ruiz R J.Managing mountainous degraded landscapes after farmland abandonment in the Central Spanish Pyrenees.Environmental Management,1997,21(4):587-598.
[71]Li Chengkuai,Xin Guixin,Yang Chaoxian,et al.Land use and land cover change(LUCC)and its environmental effects of traditional farm area.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2016,38(5):139-145.[李承桧,信桂新,杨朝现,等.传统农区土地利用与覆被变化(LUCC)及其生态环境效应.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(5):139-145.]
[72]Yan Jianzhong,Zhang Yili,Bai Wanqi,et al.Livelihood succession and land use/cover change in the Upper Reaches of Dadu River watershed.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(3):83-89.[阎建忠,张镱锂,摆万奇,等.大渡河上游生计方式的时空格局与土地利用/覆被变化.农业工程学报,2005,21(3):83-89.]
[73]Xu Zhigang,Xu Jintao,Deng Xiangzheng,et al.Grain for green versus grain:Conflict between food security and conservation set-aside in China.World Development,2006,34(1):130-148.
[74]Feng Zhiming,Yang Yanzhao,Zhang Yaoqi,et al.Grain-for-green policy and its impacts on grain supply in West China.Land Use Policy,2005,22(4):301-312.
[75]Zhao Yuluan,Zhang Meng,Li Xiubin,et al.Farmland marginalization and policy implications in mountainous areas:A case study of Renhuai City,Guizhou.Journal of Resources and Ecology,2016,7(1):61-67.
[76]Shi Zhilei,Yang Yunyan.Migrant workers of rural labor ability development influence and policy implication.Management World,2011(12):40-54.[石智雷,杨云彦.外出务工对农村劳动力能力发展的影响及政策含义.管理世界,2011(12):40-54.]
[77]Lambin E F,Meyfroidt P.Land use transitions:Socio-ecological feedback versus socio-economic change.Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):108-118.
[78]Long Hualou,Li Xiubin.Cultivated-land transition and land consolidation and reclamation in China:Research progress and frame.Progress in Geography,2006,25(5):67-76.[龙花楼,李秀彬.中国耕地转型与土地整理:研究进展与框架.地理科学进展,2006,25(5):67-76.]
[79]Zhang Fengrong.It's more important to keep the production capacity of arable land:Understanding of the total arable land dynamic balance under the new situation.China Land Science,2003(7):13-15.[张凤荣.重在保持耕地生产能力:对新形势下耕地总量动态平衡的理解.中国土地科学,2003(7):13-15.]
[80]Zhou Jian,Zhang Fengrong,Wang Xiuli,et al.Spatial-temporal change and analysis of land consolidation's newly increased cultivated land in China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(19):282-289.[周建,张凤荣,王秀丽,等.中国土地整治新增耕地时空变化及其分析.农业工程学报,2014,30(19):282-289.]
[81]Zhu Fengkai,Zhang Fengrong,Zhu Taifeng,et al.The feasibility of'Increasing vs.Decreasing Balance'land-use policy in mountain areas.Resources Science,2013,35(7):1398-1406.[朱凤凯,张凤荣,朱泰峰,等.都市山区建设用地增减挂钩可行性研究:基于土地覆被与耕地利用的视角.资源科学,2013,35(7):1398-1406.]
[82]Zhu Taifeng,Zhang Fengrong,Li Can,et al.Estimation and validation of rural residential land consolidation potential based on vegetation coverage rate.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(1):240-249.[朱泰峰,张凤荣,李灿,等.基于植被覆盖率的农村居民点整理潜力估算及实证.农业工程学报,2013,29(1):240-249.]
[83]Chen Yuning.Enlightenment to China by studying agriculture economic development of Japanese mountain area:A review of country problems in Japan.China Soft Science,2003(8):106-109.[陈育宁.日本山区农业经济发展对我国的启示:日本岛根县农村问题考察.中国软科学,2003(8):106-109.]
[84]Shi Yanling.The causes of Japanese rural depopulation and its influence on agricultural development.Agricultural Economy,2008(8):39-40.[史艳玲.浅析日本农村过疏化现象的成因及其对农业发展的影响.农业经济,2008(8):39-40.]
[85]Keiji Ushiyama.Present situation and crisis of Japan's agriculture and rural areas.Agricultural History of China,2012(1):73-87.[牛山敬二.日本农业与农村的现状及危机.中国农史,2012(1):73-87.]
[86]Rao Chuankun.Mechanism and political measures of Japanese rural depopulation and its reference to the Chinese rural construction.Journal of Zhejiang University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2007,37(6):147-156.[饶传坤.日本农村过疏化的动力机制、政策措施及其对我国农村建设的启示.浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2007,37(6):147-156.]
[87]Zhang Zhengfeng,Wang Qi,Gu Xiaokun.Ecosystem-services value response of land comprehensive consolidation in Xiushan Autonomous County.China Land Science,2012,26(7):50-55.[张正峰,王琦,谷晓坤.秀山自治县土地整治生态系统服务价值响应研究.中国土地科学,2012,26(7):50-55.]
[88]Sun Honglie,Zheng Du,Yao Tandong,et al.Protection and construction of the national ecological security shelter zone on Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(1):3-12.[孙鸿烈,郑度,姚檀栋,等.青藏高原国家生态安全屏障保护与建设.地理学报,2012,67(1):3-12.]
[89]Chen Guojie.Some considerations on strategy of development of mountain regions of China.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007,22(2):126-131.[陈国阶.对中国山区发展战略的若干思考.中国科学院院刊,2007,22(2):126-131.]
[90]Yu Kongjian,Yuan Hong,Li Dihua,et al.Difficulties and solutions of the sustainable land use strategy in suburban hilly area in Beijing.China Land Science,2009,23(11):3-8.[俞孔坚,袁弘,李迪华,等.北京市浅山区土地可持续利用的困境与出路.中国土地科学,2009,23(11):3-8.]
[2]Zhang Bailin,Cai Weimin,Zhang Fengrong,et al.Spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements and its driving forces in Yishui County,Shandong Province from Sui Dynasty to 1949.Geographical Research,2016,35(6):1141-1150.[张佰林,蔡为民,张凤荣,等.隋朝至1949年山东省沂水县农村居民点的时空格局及驱动力.地理研究,2016,35(6):1141-1150.]
[3]Han Maoli,Zhang Yi,Fang Chen,et al.Location and environment of the settlements and man-land relationship in West Liaohe River Basin since Holocene.Geographical Research,2008,27(5):1118-1128.[韩茂莉,张一,方晨,等.全新世以来西辽河流域聚落环境选择与人地关系.地理研究,2008,27(5):1118-1128.]
[4]Wang Han.The land reclamation and its influence on ecological environment in Suide-zhou during Qing Dynasty.Agricultural History of China,2010(2):22-31.[王晗.清代绥德直隶州土地垦殖及其对生态环境的影响.中国农史,2010(2):22-31.]
[5]Li Cuizhen,Xu Jianchun,Kong Xiangbin.Farm household livelihood diversity and land use in suburban areas of the metropolis:The case study of Daxing District,Beijing.Geographical Research,2012,31(6):1039-1049.[李翠珍,徐建春,孔祥斌.大都市郊区农户生计多样化及对土地利用的影响:以北京市大兴区为例.地理研究,2012,31(6):1039-1049.]
[6]Yan Jianzhong,Wu Yingying,Zhang Yili,et al.Livelihood diversification of peasants and nomads of eastern transect in Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2009,64(2):221-233.[阎建忠,吴莹莹,张镱锂,等.青藏高原东部样带农牧民生计的多样化.地理学报,2009,64(2):221-233.]
[7]Liu Yansui,Li Jintao.Geographic detection and optimizing decision of the differentiation mechanism of rural poverty in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(1):161-173.[刘彦随,李进涛.中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策.地理学报,2017,72(1):161-173.]
[8]Wang Liping,Wang Cheng,Li Xiaoqing.Research on rural household differentiation based on the quantification of livelihood assets:Evidence from 471 rural households in Bailin Village,Shapingba District,Chongqing city.Geographical Research,2012,31(5):945-954.[王利平,王成,李晓庆,等.基于生计资产量化的农户分化研究:以重庆市沙坪坝区白林村471户农户为例.地理研究,2012,31(5):945-954.]
[9]Zhang Bailin,Zhang Fengrong,Qu Baode,et al.Rural non-agricultural differences and their driving forces at the county level:A case study of 16 villages in Yishui,Shandong,East China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(6):1008-1021.[张佰林,张凤荣,曲宝德,等.山东省沂水县农村非农化程度差异及驱动力.地理学报,2015,70(6):1008-1021.]
[10]Tian Yujun,Li Xiubin,Ma Guoxia,et al.Influences of labor emigration from agriculture on the production abandonment of cultivated land in ecological sensitive areas.China Land Science,2010,24(7):4-9.[田玉军,李秀彬,马国霞,等.劳动力析出对生态脆弱区耕地撂荒的影响.中国土地科学,2010,24(7):4-9.]
[11]Li Xiubin.Theoretical hypotheses about agricultural land use changes and the relevant propositions about environmental impacts.Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(11):1124-1129.[李秀彬.农地利用变化假说与相关的环境效应命题.地球科学进展,2008,23(11):1124-1129.]
[12]Long Hualou,Li Xiubin.Analysis of regional land use transition:A case study in transect of the Yangtze River.Journal of Natural Resources,2002,17(2):144-149.[龙花楼,李秀彬.区域土地利用转型分析:以长江沿线样带为例.自然资源学报,2002,17(2):144-149.]
[13]Long Hualou.Land use transition and rural transformation development.Progress in Geography,2012,31(2):131-138.[龙花楼.论土地利用转型与乡村转型发展.地理科学进展,2012,31(2):131-138.]
[14]Song Xiaoqing.Discussion on land use transition research framework.Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(3):471-487.[宋小青.论土地利用转型的研究框架.地理学报,2017,72(3):471-487.]
[15]Qu Futian,Chen Jianglong,Chen Wen.Theoretical and empirical study on the land conversion economic driving forces.Journal of Natural Resources,2005,20(2):231-241.[曲福田,陈江龙,陈雯.农地非农化经济驱动机制的理论分析与实证研究.自然资源学报,2005,20(2):231-241.]
[16]Wu Cifang,Yang Zhirong.Comparatively study on land conversion driving factor:Theory and empirical analysis.Journal of Zhejiang University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2008,38(2):29-37.[吴次芳,杨志荣.经济发达地区农地非农化的驱动因素比较研究:理论与实证.浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,38(2):29-37.]
[17]Zhang Anlu.The mechanism agricultural land transfer and the institutional innovation of urban-rural eco-economic fringe area.Chinese Rural Economy,1999(7):43-49.[张安录.城乡生态经济交错区农地城市流转机制与制度创新.中国农村经济,1999(7):43-49.]
[18]Zhang Fengrong,An Pingli,Kong Xiangbin,et al.Use and protection of cultivated land and prime farmland in comprehensive land use planning of Beijing.China Land Science,2005,19(1):10-16.[张凤荣,安萍莉,孔祥斌.北京市土地利用总体规划中的耕地和基本农田保护规划之我见.中国土地科学,2005,19(1):10-16.]
[19]Li Shengfa,Li Xiubin,Xin Liangjie,et al.Extent and distribution of cropland abandonment in Chinese mountainous areas.Resources Science,2017,39(10):1801-1811.[李升发,李秀彬,辛良杰,等.中国山区耕地撂荒程度及空间分布:基于全国山区抽样调查结果.资源科学,2017,39(10):1801-1811.]
[20]Li Xiubin,Zhao Yuluan.Forest transition,agricultural land marginalization and ecological restoration.China Population,Resources and Environment,2011,21(10):91-95.[李秀彬,赵宇鸾.森林转型、农地边际化与生态恢复.中国人口·资源与环境,2011,21(10):91-95.]
[21]Shao Jing'an,Zhang Shichao,Li Xiubin.Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas:Characteristics,influencing factors and policy implications.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(6):701-722.
[22]Hao Haiguang,Li Xiubin,Zhang Huiyuan,et al.Impact of the opportunity cost of farming labor on the agricultural land marginalization.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2015,29(3):50-56.[郝海广,李秀彬,张惠远,等.劳动力务农机会成本对农地边际化的驱动作用.干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(3):50-56.]
[23]Liu Yansui,Liu Yu,Zhai Rongxin.Geographical research and optimizing practice of rural hollowing in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2009,64(10):1193-1202.[刘彦随,刘玉,翟荣新.中国农村空心化的地理学研究与整治实践.地理学报,2009,64(10):1193-1202.]
[24]Song Wei,Chen Baiming,Zhang Ying.Typical survey and analysis on influencing factors of village-hollowing of rural housing land in China.Geographical Research,2013,32(1):20-28.[宋伟,陈百明,张英.中国村庄宅基地空心化评价及其影响因素.地理研究,2013,32(1):20-28.]
[25]Grainger A.The forest transition:An alternative approach.Area,1995,27(3):242-251.
[26]Grainger A.National land use morphology:Patterns and possibilities.Geography,1995,80(3):235-245.
[27]Long Hualou.Land use transition and land management.Geographical Research,2015,34(9):1607-1618.[龙花楼.论土地利用转型与土地资源管理.地理研究,2015,34(9):1607-1618.]
[28]Qu Yi,Long Hualou.The integrated research on regional land use recessive morphology from the perspectives of exploitation and output:The case of the Huang-Huai-Hai Region.Geographical Research,2017,36(1):61-73.[曲艺,龙花楼.基于开发利用与产出视角的区域土地利用隐性形态综合研究:以黄淮海地区为例.地理研究,2017,36(1):61-73.]
[29]Han Maoli,Zhang Weiwei.Spatial and temporal variation of settlements of Bairin Left Banner in Xiliao River Valley in the first half of 20th century.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2009,29(1):71-77.[韩茂莉,张暐伟.20世纪上半叶西辽河流域巴林左旗聚落空间演变特征分析.地理科学,2009,29(1):71-77.]
[30]Li Shengfa,Li Xiubin.Progress and prospect on farmland abandonment.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(3):370-389.[李升发,李秀彬.耕地撂荒研究进展与展望.地理学报,2016,71(3):370-389.]
[31]Mac D D,Crabtree J R,Wiesinger G.Agricultural abandonment in mountain areas of Europe:Environmental consequences and policy response.Journal of Environmental Management,2000,59(1):47-69.
[32]Zhang Ying,Li Xiubin,Song Wei,et al.Effect of agricultural laborer on cropland abandonment under land circulation at different levels in Wulong County,Chongqing City.Progress in Geography,2014,33(4):552-560.[张英,李秀彬,宋伟,等.重庆市武隆县农地流转下农业劳动力对耕地撂荒的不同尺度影响.地理科学进展,2014,33(4):552-560.]
[33]Zhang Ying,Li Xiubin,Song Wei.Determinants of cropland abandonment at the parcel,household and village levels in mountain areas of China:A multi-level analysis.Land Use Policy,2014,41:186-192.
[34]Yamada S,Okubo S,Kitagawa Y.Restoration of weed communities in abandoned rice paddy fields in the Tama Hills,central Japan.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2007,119:88-102.
[35]Clay D C,Reardon T,Kangasniemi J.Sustainable intensification in the highland tropics:Rwandan farmers'investments in land conservation and soil fertility.Economic Development and Cultural Change,1998,46(2):351-378.
[36]Holden S,Shiferaw B,Pender J.No-farm income,household welfare,and sustainable land management in a lessfavoured area in the Ethiopian highlands.Food Policy,2004,29:369-392.
[37]Zhang Bailin,Yang Qingyuan,Yan Yan,et al.Characteristics and reasons of different households'farming abandonment behavior in the process of rapid urbanization:Based on a survey from 540 households in 10 counties of Chongqing Municipality.Resources Science,2011,33(11):2047-2054.[张佰林,杨庆媛,严燕,等.快速城镇化进程中不同类型农户弃耕特点及原因:基于重庆市十区县540户农户调查.资源科学,2011,33(11):2047-2054.]
[38]Chen Xinpei,Xin Guixin,Wei Chaofu.An analysis of farmland abandonment in poor mountainous areas and its influencing factors:A case study of four villages in two townships of Youyang County,Chongqing.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2016,38(9):166-174.[陈心佩,信桂新,魏朝富.贫困山区弃耕撂荒及其影响因素分析:以重庆市酉阳县两乡四村为例.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(9):166-174.]
[39]Shao Jing'an,Zhang Shichao,Li Xiubin.Farmland marginalization in the mountainous areas:Characteristics,influencing factors and policy implications.Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(2):227-242.[邵景安,张仕超,李秀彬.山区耕地边际化特征及其动因与政策含义.地理学报,2014,69(2):227-242.]
[40]Long Hualou,Li Tingting.Analysis of the coupling of farmland and rural housing land transition in China.Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(2):201-210.[龙花楼,李婷婷.中国耕地和农村宅基地利用转型耦合分析.地理学报,2012,67(2):201-210.]
[41]Feng Jian,Du Yu.The aspiration of renovation of hollow villages:An investigation of Xiji County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Human Geography,2016,31(6):39-48.[冯健,杜瑀.空心村整治意愿及其影响因素:基于宁夏西吉县的调查.人文地理,2016,31(6):39-48.]
[42]Yang Ren,Liu Yansui,Chen Yangfen.Comprehensive measure and partition of rural hollowing in China.Geographical Research,2012,31(9):1697-1706.[杨忍,刘彦随,陈秧分.中国农村空心化综合测度与分区.地理研究,2012,31(9):1697-1706.]
[43]Wang Jinliang,Shao Jing'an,Li Yangbing.Geo-spectrum based analysis of crop and forest land use change in the recent20 years in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(2):235-247.[王金亮,邵景安,李阳兵.近20a三峡库区农林地利用变化图谱特征分析.自然资源学报,2015,30(2):235-247.]
[44]Shao Jing'an,Guo Yue,Chen Yong,et al.Characteristics of forest landscape degradation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)in the past 20 years.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2014,36(11):1-11.[邵景安,郭跃,陈勇,等.近20年三峡库区(重庆段)森林景观退化特征.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(11):1-11.]
[45]Shi Tiechou,Xu Xiaohong.Extraction and validation of abandoned farmland parcel in typical counties of Chongqing.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(24):261-267.[史铁丑,徐晓红.重庆市典型县撂荒耕地图斑的提取与验证.农业工程学报,2016,32(24):261-267.]
[46]Song Shixiong,Liang Xiaoying,Mei Yajun,et al.Modeling and simulating land abandonment behavior of farmer households based on the CBDI.Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(11):1926-1937.[宋世雄,梁小英,梅亚军,等.基于CBDI的农户耕地撂荒行为模型构建及模拟研究:以陕西省米脂县冯阳坬村为例.自然资源学报,2016,31(11):1926-1937.]
[47]He Weifeng,Yan Jianzhong,Zhou Hong,et al.The micro-mechanism of forest transition:A case study in the mountainous areas of Chongqing.Journal of Natural Resources,2016,31(1):102-113.[何威风,阎建忠,周洪,等.森林转型的微观机制:以重庆市山区为例.自然资源学报,2016,31(1):102-113.]
[48]Mather A S.The forest transition.Area,1992,24(4):367-379.
[49]Mather A S.Recent Asian forest transitions in relation to forest-transition theory.International Forestry Review,2007,9(1):491-502.
[50]Deng Hua,Shao Jing'an,Wang Jinliang,et al.Land use driving forces and its future scenario simulation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area using CLUE-S model.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(11):1979-1997.[邓华,邵景安,王金亮,等.多因素耦合下三峡库区土地利用未来情景模拟.地理学报,2016,71(11):1979-1997.]
[51]Liu Chengwu,Li Xiubin.The character and diagnostic criterion for marginiastion of the arable land.Progress in Geography,2005,24(2):106-113.[刘成武,李秀彬.农地边际化的表现特征及其诊断标准.地理科学进展,2005,24(2):106-113.]
[52]Tian Yujun,Li Xiubin,Ma Guoxia.Impacts of household labor and land endowment on rural-to-urban labor migration:A case study on mountainous areas of southern Ningxia.Resources Science,2010,32(11):2160-2164.[田玉军,李秀彬,马国霞.耕地和劳动力禀赋对农村劳动力外出务工影响的实证分析:以宁夏南部山区为例.资源科学,2010,32(11):2160-2164.]
[53]Long Hualou.Rural housing land transition in China:Theory and verification.Acta Geographica Sinica,2006,61(10):1093-1100.[龙花楼.中国农村宅基地转型的理论与证实.地理学报,2006,61(10):1093-1100.]
[54]Guo Chunyang,Gao Jianhua,Fan Pengfei,et al.Land use transition and hotspots detection in Yongcheng City based on the grid scale.China Land Sciences,2016,30(4):43-51.[郭椿阳,高建华,樊鹏飞,等.基于格网尺度的永城市土地利用转型研究与热点探测.中国土地科学,2016,30(4):43-51.]
[55]Chen Long,Zhou Shenglu,Zhou Bingbing,et al.Characteristics and driving forces of regional land use transition based on the leading function classification:A case study of Jiangsu Province.Economic Geography,2015,35(2):155-162.[陈龙,周生路,周兵兵,等.基于主导功能的江苏省土地利用转型特征与驱动力.经济地理,2015,35(2):155-162.]
[56]Liu Yongqiang,Long Hualou.Land use transitions and their dynamic mechanism in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(4):666-679.[刘永强,龙花楼.黄淮海平原农区土地利用转型及其动力机制.地理学报,2016,71(4):666-679.]
[57]Lv Ligang,Zhou Shenglu,Zhou Bingbing,et al.Land use transformation and its eco-environmental response in process of the regional development:A case study of Jiangsu Province.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2013,33(12):1442-1449.[吕立刚,周生路,周兵兵,等.区域发展过程中土地利用转型及其生态环境响应研究:以江苏省为例.地理科学,2013,33(12):1442-1449.]
[58]Xiang Jingwei,Li Jiangfeng,Zeng Jie.Spatial difference and its influence factors of cultivated land transition of poverty counties in west of Hubei.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(1):272-279.[向敬伟,李江风,曾杰.鄂西贫困县耕地利用转型空间分异及其影响因素.农业工程学报,2016,32(1):272-279.]
[59]Qu Yi,Long Hualou.Spatial differentiation of the recessive morphology of urban land use and its influential factors:A case study of 289 prefecture-level cities in China.Economic Geography,2016,36(10):1-8.[曲艺,龙花楼.城市土地利用隐性形态空间分异及其影响因素:以中国289个地级以上城市为例.经济地理,2016,36(10):1-8.]
[60]Guo Liying,Di Liping,Li Gang,et al.GIS-based detection of land use transformation in the Loess Plateau:A case study in Baota District,Shaanxi Province,China.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(12):1467-1478.
[61]Li Tingting,Long Hualou,Liu Yongqiang,et al.Multi-scale analysis of rural housing land transition under China's rapid urbanization:The case of Bohai Rim.Habitat International,2015,48:227-238.
[62]Liao Liuwen,Qin Jianxin,Liu Yongqiang,et al.Study on ecological elasticity of Hunan Province based on land use transition.Economic Geography,2015,35(9):16-23.[廖柳文,秦建新,刘永强,等.基于土地利用转型的湖南省生态弹性研究.经济地理,2015,35(9):16-23.]
[63]Li Xiubin.Explanation of land use changes.Progress in Geography,2002,21(3):195-203.[李秀彬.土地利用变化的解释.地理科学进展,2002,21(3):195-203.]
[64]Li Shiji,Li Xiubin,Tan Minghong.Impacts of rural-urban migration on vegetation cover in ecologically fragile areas:Taking Inner Mongolia as a case.Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(10):1622-1631.[李仕冀,李秀彬,谈明洪.乡村人口迁出对生态脆弱地区植被覆被的影响:以内蒙古自治区为例.地理学报,2015,70(10):1622-1631.]
[65]Xin Liangjie,Li Xiubin,Tan Minghong,et al.The rise of ordinary labor wage and its effect on agricultural land use in present China.Geographical Research,2011,30(8):1391-1400.[辛良杰,李秀彬,谈明洪,等.近年来我国普通劳动者工资变化及其对农地利用的影响.地理研究,2011,30(8):1391-1400.]
[66]Shi Tiechou,Li Xiubin.Farmland abandonment in Europe and its enlightenment to China.Geography and GeoInformation Science,2013,29(3):101-103.[史铁丑,李秀彬.欧洲耕地撂荒研究及对我国的启示.地理与地理信息科学,2013,29(3):101-103.]
[67]Liu Ting,Shao Jing'an.Spatial and temporal variation of soil erosion under different land uses in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,14(3):1-9.[刘婷,邵景安.三峡库区不同土地利用背景下的土壤侵蚀时空变化及其分布规律.中国水土保持科学,2016,14(3):1-9.]
[68]State Forestry Administration,P.R.C.China Forest Resources Report:Seventh National Forest Resource Inventory.Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2009.[国家林业局.中国森林资源报告:第七次全国森林资源清查.北京:中国林业出版社,2009.]
[69]La B.Hydrological functions of tropical forests:Not seeing the soil for the trees?Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2004,104(1):185-228.
[70]Molinillo M,Lasanta T,García-Ruiz R J.Managing mountainous degraded landscapes after farmland abandonment in the Central Spanish Pyrenees.Environmental Management,1997,21(4):587-598.
[71]Li Chengkuai,Xin Guixin,Yang Chaoxian,et al.Land use and land cover change(LUCC)and its environmental effects of traditional farm area.Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition),2016,38(5):139-145.[李承桧,信桂新,杨朝现,等.传统农区土地利用与覆被变化(LUCC)及其生态环境效应.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,38(5):139-145.]
[72]Yan Jianzhong,Zhang Yili,Bai Wanqi,et al.Livelihood succession and land use/cover change in the Upper Reaches of Dadu River watershed.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2005,21(3):83-89.[阎建忠,张镱锂,摆万奇,等.大渡河上游生计方式的时空格局与土地利用/覆被变化.农业工程学报,2005,21(3):83-89.]
[73]Xu Zhigang,Xu Jintao,Deng Xiangzheng,et al.Grain for green versus grain:Conflict between food security and conservation set-aside in China.World Development,2006,34(1):130-148.
[74]Feng Zhiming,Yang Yanzhao,Zhang Yaoqi,et al.Grain-for-green policy and its impacts on grain supply in West China.Land Use Policy,2005,22(4):301-312.
[75]Zhao Yuluan,Zhang Meng,Li Xiubin,et al.Farmland marginalization and policy implications in mountainous areas:A case study of Renhuai City,Guizhou.Journal of Resources and Ecology,2016,7(1):61-67.
[76]Shi Zhilei,Yang Yunyan.Migrant workers of rural labor ability development influence and policy implication.Management World,2011(12):40-54.[石智雷,杨云彦.外出务工对农村劳动力能力发展的影响及政策含义.管理世界,2011(12):40-54.]
[77]Lambin E F,Meyfroidt P.Land use transitions:Socio-ecological feedback versus socio-economic change.Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):108-118.
[78]Long Hualou,Li Xiubin.Cultivated-land transition and land consolidation and reclamation in China:Research progress and frame.Progress in Geography,2006,25(5):67-76.[龙花楼,李秀彬.中国耕地转型与土地整理:研究进展与框架.地理科学进展,2006,25(5):67-76.]
[79]Zhang Fengrong.It's more important to keep the production capacity of arable land:Understanding of the total arable land dynamic balance under the new situation.China Land Science,2003(7):13-15.[张凤荣.重在保持耕地生产能力:对新形势下耕地总量动态平衡的理解.中国土地科学,2003(7):13-15.]
[80]Zhou Jian,Zhang Fengrong,Wang Xiuli,et al.Spatial-temporal change and analysis of land consolidation's newly increased cultivated land in China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(19):282-289.[周建,张凤荣,王秀丽,等.中国土地整治新增耕地时空变化及其分析.农业工程学报,2014,30(19):282-289.]
[81]Zhu Fengkai,Zhang Fengrong,Zhu Taifeng,et al.The feasibility of'Increasing vs.Decreasing Balance'land-use policy in mountain areas.Resources Science,2013,35(7):1398-1406.[朱凤凯,张凤荣,朱泰峰,等.都市山区建设用地增减挂钩可行性研究:基于土地覆被与耕地利用的视角.资源科学,2013,35(7):1398-1406.]
[82]Zhu Taifeng,Zhang Fengrong,Li Can,et al.Estimation and validation of rural residential land consolidation potential based on vegetation coverage rate.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(1):240-249.[朱泰峰,张凤荣,李灿,等.基于植被覆盖率的农村居民点整理潜力估算及实证.农业工程学报,2013,29(1):240-249.]
[83]Chen Yuning.Enlightenment to China by studying agriculture economic development of Japanese mountain area:A review of country problems in Japan.China Soft Science,2003(8):106-109.[陈育宁.日本山区农业经济发展对我国的启示:日本岛根县农村问题考察.中国软科学,2003(8):106-109.]
[84]Shi Yanling.The causes of Japanese rural depopulation and its influence on agricultural development.Agricultural Economy,2008(8):39-40.[史艳玲.浅析日本农村过疏化现象的成因及其对农业发展的影响.农业经济,2008(8):39-40.]
[85]Keiji Ushiyama.Present situation and crisis of Japan's agriculture and rural areas.Agricultural History of China,2012(1):73-87.[牛山敬二.日本农业与农村的现状及危机.中国农史,2012(1):73-87.]
[86]Rao Chuankun.Mechanism and political measures of Japanese rural depopulation and its reference to the Chinese rural construction.Journal of Zhejiang University(Humanities and Social Sciences),2007,37(6):147-156.[饶传坤.日本农村过疏化的动力机制、政策措施及其对我国农村建设的启示.浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2007,37(6):147-156.]
[87]Zhang Zhengfeng,Wang Qi,Gu Xiaokun.Ecosystem-services value response of land comprehensive consolidation in Xiushan Autonomous County.China Land Science,2012,26(7):50-55.[张正峰,王琦,谷晓坤.秀山自治县土地整治生态系统服务价值响应研究.中国土地科学,2012,26(7):50-55.]
[88]Sun Honglie,Zheng Du,Yao Tandong,et al.Protection and construction of the national ecological security shelter zone on Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(1):3-12.[孙鸿烈,郑度,姚檀栋,等.青藏高原国家生态安全屏障保护与建设.地理学报,2012,67(1):3-12.]
[89]Chen Guojie.Some considerations on strategy of development of mountain regions of China.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007,22(2):126-131.[陈国阶.对中国山区发展战略的若干思考.中国科学院院刊,2007,22(2):126-131.]
[90]Yu Kongjian,Yuan Hong,Li Dihua,et al.Difficulties and solutions of the sustainable land use strategy in suburban hilly area in Beijing.China Land Science,2009,23(11):3-8.[俞孔坚,袁弘,李迪华,等.北京市浅山区土地可持续利用的困境与出路.中国土地科学,2009,23(11):3-8.]