基于土地利用与土地覆被的长三角生态系统服务供需空间格局及热点区变化
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摘要
快速城市化与土地利用变化导致区域生态系统服务供需失衡,进而使得生态环境恶化已成为共识。开展生态系统服务供需关系及其空间量化研究,有助于识别出区域中存在的主要生态环境问题及其关键驱动。以长江三角洲为研究区,基于土地利用与土地覆被和生态系统服务供给和需求评价矩阵的方法对1985—2015年长三角生态系统服务供需盈亏格局及热点变化进行分析,结果表明:1)长三角地区生态系统服务供给减少,需求增多,生态系统服务盈余区从1985年的40.9%下降至2015年的38.5%,生态系统服务赤字区面积占比从1985年的1.3%增长到2015年的10.6%,总体呈现供不应求的趋势; 2)沪宁杭城市发展梯度带上生态系统服务供需盈亏呈"V"型分布,且30年内城市中心及其附近的生态系统服务供需值下降更为明显; 3) 30年内长三角生态系统服务供需盈余热点区整体变化不大,30年内面积减少了0.1%;而赤字热点区则呈现出快速扩张趋势,面积占比30年内增加了14.9%。说明随着城市化进程的加快,长三角生态系统服务供需亏损状况更严重; 4)生态系统服务供需评价矩阵可以比较简便、全面的反映出生态系统服务供需盈亏状况,研究结果可对快速城市化地区生态环境与土地利用规划与管理提供有益参考。
The rapid urbanization and changes in land use can result in imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand at the regional scale,which is the major cause of regional ecosystem degradation. Therefore,it becomes essential to conduct quantitative analyses of ecosystem services supply and demand to identify key environmental issues and their driving forces in a region. In this paper,we present a comprehensive analysis of ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics during 1985—2015 for the Yangtze River Delta region,by employing the ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach based on land use and land cover types in the region. Our results showed 1) decreasing ecosystem services supply,but increasing ecosystem services demand for the Yangtze River Delta region over the past three decades. The area of the ecosystem service oversupply region decreased from 40.9% in 1985 to 38.5% in 2015,while the area of the ecosystem service undersupply region increased from 1. 3% to 10. 6% during the same period. 2) The ecosystem services supply-demand index value showed a "V"distribution pattern along the urban-rural gradient transects across Shanghai-NanjingHangzhou. Peri-urban areas experienced dramatic decreases in ecosystem services supply-demand index value during the past three decades. 3) The area of the ecosystem services supply-demand surplus hotspot regions remained stable( only decreased by 0.1% over the past three decades),while the area of the ecosystem services supply-demand deficit hotspot regions increased dramatically by 14. 9% during the same period. This indicates that the imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand has become a critical issue for the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region. 4) The ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach provides a simple and comprehensive way to quantify ecosystem services supply-demand dynamics of a region. The findings presented in this paper also provide new insights into regulating land use distributions and ecosystem conservation for rapidly urbanizing regions.
The rapid urbanization and changes in land use can result in imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand at the regional scale,which is the major cause of regional ecosystem degradation. Therefore,it becomes essential to conduct quantitative analyses of ecosystem services supply and demand to identify key environmental issues and their driving forces in a region. In this paper,we present a comprehensive analysis of ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics during 1985—2015 for the Yangtze River Delta region,by employing the ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach based on land use and land cover types in the region. Our results showed 1) decreasing ecosystem services supply,but increasing ecosystem services demand for the Yangtze River Delta region over the past three decades. The area of the ecosystem service oversupply region decreased from 40.9% in 1985 to 38.5% in 2015,while the area of the ecosystem service undersupply region increased from 1. 3% to 10. 6% during the same period. 2) The ecosystem services supply-demand index value showed a "V"distribution pattern along the urban-rural gradient transects across Shanghai-NanjingHangzhou. Peri-urban areas experienced dramatic decreases in ecosystem services supply-demand index value during the past three decades. 3) The area of the ecosystem services supply-demand surplus hotspot regions remained stable( only decreased by 0.1% over the past three decades),while the area of the ecosystem services supply-demand deficit hotspot regions increased dramatically by 14. 9% during the same period. This indicates that the imbalance between ecosystem services supply and demand has become a critical issue for the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region. 4) The ecosystem services supply-demand assessment matrix approach provides a simple and comprehensive way to quantify ecosystem services supply-demand dynamics of a region. The findings presented in this paper also provide new insights into regulating land use distributions and ecosystem conservation for rapidly urbanizing regions.
引文
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[2]李双成,刘金龙,张才玉,赵志强.生态系统服务研究动态及地理学研究范式.地理学报,2011,66(12):1618-1630.
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[14] Stoll S,Frenzel M,Burkhard B,Adamescu M,Augustaitis A,Baeler C,Bonet F J,Carranza M L,Cazacu C,Cosor G L,Díaz-Delgado R,Grandin U,Haase P,Hmlinen H,Loke R,Müller J,Stanisci A,Staszewski T,Müller F. Assessment of ecosystem integrity and service gradients across Europe using the LTER Europe network. Ecological Modelling,2015,295:75-87.
[15] Goldenberg R,Kalantari Z,Cvetkovic V,M9rtberg U,Deal B,Destouni G. Distinction,quantification and mapping of potential and realized supply-demand of flow-dependent ecosystem services. Science of the Total Environment,2017,593-594:599-609.
[16]梁友嘉,徐中民,钟方雷,宋晓谕.基于LUCC的生态系统服务空间化研究——以张掖市甘州区为例.生态学报,2013,33(15):4758-4766.
[17] Cai W B,Gibbs D,Zhang L,Ferrier G,Cai Y L. Identifying hotspots and management of critical ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta Region,China. Journal of Environmental Management,2017,191:258-267.
[18] Li J H,Jiang H W,Bai Y,Alatalo J M,Li X,Jiang H W,Liu G,Xu J. Indicators for spatial-temporal comparisons of ecosystem service status between regions:a case study of the Taihu River Basin,China. Ecological Indicators,2016,60:1008-1016.
[19] Tao Y,Wang H N,Ou W X,Guo J. A land-cover-based approach to assessing ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics in the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region. Land Use Policy,2018,72:250-258.
[20]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,张增祥,邓祥征.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[21]陈江平,张瑶,余远剑.空间自相关的可塑性面积单元问题效应.地理学报,2011,66(12):1597-1606.
[22]唐秀美,刘玉,刘新卫,潘瑜春,吴彦澎,李虹.基于格网尺度的区域生态系统服务价值估算与分析.农业机械学报,2017,48(4):149-153,205-205.
[23]马昕炜,曾永年.基于格网单元的县级土地利用总体规划生态环境影响评价方法与应用.长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(10):1198-1204.
[24]阳文锐,李锋,王如松,熊侠仙,刘安生.城市土地利用的生态服务功效评价方法——以常州市为例.生态学报,2013,33(14):4486-4494.
[25]吴健生,乔娜,彭建,黄秀兰,刘建政,潘雅婧.露天矿区景观生态风险空间分异.生态学报,2013,33(12):3816-3824.
[26]郭椿阳,高建华,樊鹏飞,姚飞.基于格网尺度的永城市土地利用转型研究与热点探测.中国土地科学,2016,30(4):43-51.
[27]王雅,蒙吉军.黑河中游土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响.干旱区研究,2017,34(1):200-207.
[28]高宾,李小玉,李志刚,陈玮,何兴元,齐善忠.基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析.生态学报,2011,31(12):3441-3450.
[29]刘世梁,刘琦,张兆苓,邓丽,董世魁.云南省红河流域景观生态风险及驱动力分析.生态学报,2014,34(13):3728-3734.
[30]张骞,高明,杨乐,陈成龙,孙宇,王金柱. 1988—2013年重庆市主城九区生态用地空间结构及其生态系统服务价值变化.生态学报,2017,37(2):566-575.
[31]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云,郑华.海南岛生态系统土壤保持功能空间特征及影响因素.生态学报,2013,33(3):746-755.
[32]李全,李腾,杨明正,应玮.基于梯度分析的武汉市生态系统服务价值时空分异特征.生态学报,2017,37(6):2118-2125.
[33] BaróF,Gómez-Baggethun E,Haase D. Ecosystem service bundles along the urban-rural gradient:insights for landscape planning and management.Ecosystem Services,2017,24:147-159.
[34] Anselin L. Spatial Econometrics:Methods and Models. Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1988.
[35]谢花林,刘黎明,李波,张新时.土地利用变化的多尺度空间自相关分析——以内蒙古翁牛特旗为例.地理学报,2006,61(4):389-400.
[2]李双成,刘金龙,张才玉,赵志强.生态系统服务研究动态及地理学研究范式.地理学报,2011,66(12):1618-1630.
[3]李双成,王珏,朱文博,张津,刘娅,高阳,王阳,李琰.基于空间与区域视角的生态系统服务地理学框架.地理学报,2014,69(11):1628-1639.
[4] Costanza R,d'Arge R,De Groot R,Farber S,Grasso M,Hannon B,Limburg K,Naeem S,O'Neill R V,Paruelo J,Raskin R G,Sutton P,Van Den Belt M. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature,1997,387(6630):253-260.
[5]谢高地,鲁春霞,成升魁.全球生态系统服务价值评估研究进展.资源科学,2001,23(6):5-9.
[6]谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,曹淑艳,肖玉.生态系统服务的供给、消费和价值化.资源科学,2008,30(1):93-99.
[7] Kroll F,Müller F,Haase D,Fohrer N. Rural-urban gradient analysis of ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics. Land Use Policy,2012,29(3):521-535.
[8] Hou Y,Müller F,Li B,Kroll F. Urban-rural gradients of ecosystem services and the linkages with socioeconomics. Landscape Online,2015,39:1-31.
[9]杨莉,甄霖,潘影,曹晓昌,龙鑫.生态系统服务供给-消费研究:黄河流域案例.干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(3):131-138.
[10] Burkhard B,Kroll F,Müller F,Windhorst W. Landscapes'capacities to provide ecosystem services-a concept for land-cover based assessments.Landscape Online,2009,15:1-22.
[11] Burkhard B,Kroll F,Nedkov S,Müller F. Mapping ecosystem service supply,demand and budgets. Ecological Indicators,2012,21:17-29.
[12] Jacobs S,Burkhard B,Van Daele T,Staes J,Schneiders A.‘The Matrix Reloaded’:a review of expert knowledge use for mapping ecosystem services. Ecological Modelling,2015,295:21-30.
[13] Kandziora M,Burkhard B,Muller F. Interactions of ecosystem properties,ecosystem integrity and ecosystem service indicators-A theoretical matrix exercise. Ecological Indicators,2013,28:54-78.
[14] Stoll S,Frenzel M,Burkhard B,Adamescu M,Augustaitis A,Baeler C,Bonet F J,Carranza M L,Cazacu C,Cosor G L,Díaz-Delgado R,Grandin U,Haase P,Hmlinen H,Loke R,Müller J,Stanisci A,Staszewski T,Müller F. Assessment of ecosystem integrity and service gradients across Europe using the LTER Europe network. Ecological Modelling,2015,295:75-87.
[15] Goldenberg R,Kalantari Z,Cvetkovic V,M9rtberg U,Deal B,Destouni G. Distinction,quantification and mapping of potential and realized supply-demand of flow-dependent ecosystem services. Science of the Total Environment,2017,593-594:599-609.
[16]梁友嘉,徐中民,钟方雷,宋晓谕.基于LUCC的生态系统服务空间化研究——以张掖市甘州区为例.生态学报,2013,33(15):4758-4766.
[17] Cai W B,Gibbs D,Zhang L,Ferrier G,Cai Y L. Identifying hotspots and management of critical ecosystem services in rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta Region,China. Journal of Environmental Management,2017,191:258-267.
[18] Li J H,Jiang H W,Bai Y,Alatalo J M,Li X,Jiang H W,Liu G,Xu J. Indicators for spatial-temporal comparisons of ecosystem service status between regions:a case study of the Taihu River Basin,China. Ecological Indicators,2016,60:1008-1016.
[19] Tao Y,Wang H N,Ou W X,Guo J. A land-cover-based approach to assessing ecosystem services supply and demand dynamics in the rapidly urbanizing Yangtze River Delta region. Land Use Policy,2018,72:250-258.
[20]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,张增祥,邓祥征.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[21]陈江平,张瑶,余远剑.空间自相关的可塑性面积单元问题效应.地理学报,2011,66(12):1597-1606.
[22]唐秀美,刘玉,刘新卫,潘瑜春,吴彦澎,李虹.基于格网尺度的区域生态系统服务价值估算与分析.农业机械学报,2017,48(4):149-153,205-205.
[23]马昕炜,曾永年.基于格网单元的县级土地利用总体规划生态环境影响评价方法与应用.长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(10):1198-1204.
[24]阳文锐,李锋,王如松,熊侠仙,刘安生.城市土地利用的生态服务功效评价方法——以常州市为例.生态学报,2013,33(14):4486-4494.
[25]吴健生,乔娜,彭建,黄秀兰,刘建政,潘雅婧.露天矿区景观生态风险空间分异.生态学报,2013,33(12):3816-3824.
[26]郭椿阳,高建华,樊鹏飞,姚飞.基于格网尺度的永城市土地利用转型研究与热点探测.中国土地科学,2016,30(4):43-51.
[27]王雅,蒙吉军.黑河中游土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响.干旱区研究,2017,34(1):200-207.
[28]高宾,李小玉,李志刚,陈玮,何兴元,齐善忠.基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析.生态学报,2011,31(12):3441-3450.
[29]刘世梁,刘琦,张兆苓,邓丽,董世魁.云南省红河流域景观生态风险及驱动力分析.生态学报,2014,34(13):3728-3734.
[30]张骞,高明,杨乐,陈成龙,孙宇,王金柱. 1988—2013年重庆市主城九区生态用地空间结构及其生态系统服务价值变化.生态学报,2017,37(2):566-575.
[31]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云,郑华.海南岛生态系统土壤保持功能空间特征及影响因素.生态学报,2013,33(3):746-755.
[32]李全,李腾,杨明正,应玮.基于梯度分析的武汉市生态系统服务价值时空分异特征.生态学报,2017,37(6):2118-2125.
[33] BaróF,Gómez-Baggethun E,Haase D. Ecosystem service bundles along the urban-rural gradient:insights for landscape planning and management.Ecosystem Services,2017,24:147-159.
[34] Anselin L. Spatial Econometrics:Methods and Models. Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1988.
[35]谢花林,刘黎明,李波,张新时.土地利用变化的多尺度空间自相关分析——以内蒙古翁牛特旗为例.地理学报,2006,61(4):389-400.