湖北省广水市2012-2016年戊型肝炎流行病学特征分析
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摘要
目的通过对戊型肝炎流行病学特征分析,为控制戊型肝炎提供科学依据。方法利用流行病学描述性分析方法对广水市2012-2016年戊型肝炎的发病资料进行回顾性分析。结果广水市2012-2016年共报告戊型肝炎确诊病例96例,无死亡病例及重型病例出现,年平均发病率2. 06/10万。戊型肝炎发病呈现明显的季节性特征,主要集中在冬春季,秋季呈现一个小高峰。发病平均年龄为(49. 5±13. 4)岁,主要集中在30～69岁之间,占发病总数的85. 42%。所有病例中,男性发病67例、女性发病29例,男性发病率为1. 38/10万、女性发病率为0. 60/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=78. 60,P <0. 05)。农民发病病例数居首位,共74例,占发病总数的77. 08%。结论加大重点人群监测及健康教育力度,暴发流行时接种戊型肝炎疫苗;对人畜粪便无害化处理后进行排放;做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,以遏制戊型肝炎流行。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the control of hepatitis E by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E. Methods The method of epidemiological descriptive analysis was used to retrospectively analyze the incidence of hepatitis E in Guangshui City from 2012 to 2016. Results A total of 96 cases confirmed cases of hepatitis E were reported in guangshui from 2012 to 2016,and no deaths or severe cases occurred. The annual average incidence rate was 2. 06/100 000. The incidence of hepatitis E presents obvious seasonal characteristics,mainly in winter and spring,and presents a small peak in autumn. The average age of onset cases was( 49. 5 ± 13. 4) years old,mainly concentrated between 30 and 69 years old,accounting for 85. 42% of the total number of cases. In all cases,there were 67 males and 29 females. The male incidence rate was1. 38/100 000 and the female incidence rate was 0. 60/100 000. The difference was statistically significant( χ2= 78. 60,P <0. 05). The number of cases of farmers ranked first, with 74 cases, accounting for 77. 08% of the total number of cases. Conclusion It is necessary to increase the monitoring and health education of key populations,and get infected with hepatitis E vaccine during outbreaks. Discharge human and animal excrement after harmless treatment. Early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment are needed to curb the epidemic of hepatitis E.
Objective To provide a scientific basis for the control of hepatitis E by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E. Methods The method of epidemiological descriptive analysis was used to retrospectively analyze the incidence of hepatitis E in Guangshui City from 2012 to 2016. Results A total of 96 cases confirmed cases of hepatitis E were reported in guangshui from 2012 to 2016,and no deaths or severe cases occurred. The annual average incidence rate was 2. 06/100 000. The incidence of hepatitis E presents obvious seasonal characteristics,mainly in winter and spring,and presents a small peak in autumn. The average age of onset cases was( 49. 5 ± 13. 4) years old,mainly concentrated between 30 and 69 years old,accounting for 85. 42% of the total number of cases. In all cases,there were 67 males and 29 females. The male incidence rate was1. 38/100 000 and the female incidence rate was 0. 60/100 000. The difference was statistically significant( χ2= 78. 60,P <0. 05). The number of cases of farmers ranked first, with 74 cases, accounting for 77. 08% of the total number of cases. Conclusion It is necessary to increase the monitoring and health education of key populations,and get infected with hepatitis E vaccine during outbreaks. Discharge human and animal excrement after harmless treatment. Early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment are needed to curb the epidemic of hepatitis E.
引文
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[14]吴伟慎,赵莹,陈静,等.天津市2004-2013年戊型肝炎流行趋势和特征分析[J].中国病毒病杂志,2015,5(1):45-49.
[15]谭超,李海,方钟燎,等.广西2005-2014年戊型肝炎流行病学分析[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(12):1187-1189,1229.
[16]汪迎春.南平市2004-2013年戊型肝炎流行特征[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2015,21(3):2.
[17]王智,姜仁杰,李长城,等.盐城市2010-2014年戊型肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(1):71-72.
[2] KOOT H,HOGEMA BM,KOOT M,et al. Frequent hepatitis E in the Netherlands without traveling or immunosuppression[J]. Journal of Clinical Virology,2014,62(1):38-40.
[3] KAMAR N,DALTON HR,ABRAVANEL F,et al. Hepatitis E virus infection[J]. Clinical microbiology Reviews,2014,27(1):116-138.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS 301-2008戊型病毒性肝炎诊断标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008:5.
[5]郭永豪,吕宛玉,张璐,等.河南省2005-2016年戊型病毒性肝炎报告病例流行特征分析[J].中国病毒病杂志,2017,7(6):449-452.
[6]万琴,张守德,张雪峰,等. 2005-2015年安陆市戊型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].热带医学杂志,2017,17(4):533-536.
[7]陈忠,蔡和宋,黄帆,等.三明市2001-2010年戊肝流行病学特征分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2012,18(3):42-43.
[8]薛黎坚,王文明,王华,等.昆山市2005-2012年戊肝流行病学特征研究[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(10):1745-1747.
[9]孙昼,谢立,祝绯飞,等.杭州市戊型肝炎流行特征及危险因素研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2012,13(4):278-280.
[10]路淋,刘杨,赵玲. 2005-2014年丹东市戊型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2015,21(12):929-930,934.
[11]陈琴,吴永,胡依红.浙江省镇海区2005-2014年戊型肝炎发病流行病学分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(5):682-683.
[12]高强,苏琦,胡锦流. 2006-2016年淮安市戊型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2017,33(17):2366-2368.
[13]李慧梅. 2006-2014年新沂市戊型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(17):3100-3102.
[14]吴伟慎,赵莹,陈静,等.天津市2004-2013年戊型肝炎流行趋势和特征分析[J].中国病毒病杂志,2015,5(1):45-49.
[15]谭超,李海,方钟燎,等.广西2005-2014年戊型肝炎流行病学分析[J].中国热带医学,2016,16(12):1187-1189,1229.
[16]汪迎春.南平市2004-2013年戊型肝炎流行特征[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2015,21(3):2.
[17]王智,姜仁杰,李长城,等.盐城市2010-2014年戊型肝炎流行病学特征分析[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(1):71-72.