县域创新水平时空跃迁路径与趋同演化规律分析——基于山西省县级尺度专利数据的证据
|
摘要
实现创新驱动发展的基础在县域。采用标准差椭圆与空间马尔可夫链方法,基于山西省2008-2016年119个研究单元的专利数据,对县级尺度创新水平的时空特征与创新趋同演化规律进行分析。结果表明:(1)山西省县域创新空间重心发生了3次迁移,分别是2008-2013年向东北方向迁移明显,2013-2015年转向西南方向,2015年以来沿东北方向回迁,整体上表现为由祁县转移至清徐县。结合标准差椭圆移动轨迹,县域创新水平"东北—西南"格局稳定,主轴方向趋于分散化,辅轴方向趋于集中化;(2)依创新水平均值可把县域分为低水平、中低水平、中高水平和高水平4种类型,这些类型呈现的以省会和个别综合实力较强县域为主的"中心—外围"空间格局短期内不易被打破。不同类型存在向更高层次创新趋同转变的可能,但实现跨级跃迁的概率较低;(3)邻域创新水平对县域创新类型趋同转变具有重要作用,转变方向倾向于与邻域转变方向一致,这在一定程度上解释了县域创新水平的局部空间极化现象。
The foundation of innovation-driven development lies in county area.Based on the patent data of 107 research units of the county scale from 2008 to 2016 in Shanxi province,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of the innovation level and the convergence evolution law by standard deviation ellipse and space markov chain method.The results showed that the gravity center of innovation in Shanxi province has been shifted three times:the migration to the northeast was obvious in2008-2013,then turn to the southwest in 2013-2015,it began to move northeast in 2015,and the position moved from Qi county to Qingxu county.Combined with the standard deviation elliptical orbit, "northeast-southwest" pattern of county innovation level is stable,the main axis tends to be decentralized and the auxiliary axis tends to be concentrated.According to the average level,the county is divided into four categories:low level,middle low level,middle high level,and high level.And the "center-periphery" pattern,which is mainly based on the provincial capital and well-developed counties,is not easily broken in the short term.There is a possibility that different types of innovation converge towards higher levels,but the probability of cross-level transition is low.The neighborhood background plays an important role in innovation type transformation and the change direction of county innovation level tends to be consistent with that of the neighborhood,which partly explains the local spatial polarization of innovation in county level.
The foundation of innovation-driven development lies in county area.Based on the patent data of 107 research units of the county scale from 2008 to 2016 in Shanxi province,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of the innovation level and the convergence evolution law by standard deviation ellipse and space markov chain method.The results showed that the gravity center of innovation in Shanxi province has been shifted three times:the migration to the northeast was obvious in2008-2013,then turn to the southwest in 2013-2015,it began to move northeast in 2015,and the position moved from Qi county to Qingxu county.Combined with the standard deviation elliptical orbit, "northeast-southwest" pattern of county innovation level is stable,the main axis tends to be decentralized and the auxiliary axis tends to be concentrated.According to the average level,the county is divided into four categories:low level,middle low level,middle high level,and high level.And the "center-periphery" pattern,which is mainly based on the provincial capital and well-developed counties,is not easily broken in the short term.There is a possibility that different types of innovation converge towards higher levels,but the probability of cross-level transition is low.The neighborhood background plays an important role in innovation type transformation and the change direction of county innovation level tends to be consistent with that of the neighborhood,which partly explains the local spatial polarization of innovation in county level.
引文
[1]刘凤朝,杨玲,孙玉涛.创新活动空间集聚及其驱动因素国外研究进展评述[J].管理学报,2011,8(9):1413-1418.
[2]纪小美,付业勤,陶卓民,等.福建省县域经济差异的时空动态与变迁机制[J].经济地理,2016,36(2):36-44.
[3]陈翊,冯云廷,俞杨安安.浙江省县域经济格局的空间演化分析[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(3):16-21.
[4]陈培阳,朱喜钢.中国区域经济趋同:基于县级尺度的空间马尔可夫链分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1302-1308.
[5]蒋天颖.浙江省区域创新产出空间分异特征及成因[J].地理研究,2014,33(10):1825-1836.
[6]张建伟,窦攀烽,张永凯,等.江苏省县域创新产出的空间计量经济分析[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(1):222-229.
[7]徐维祥,杨蕾,刘程军,等.长江经济带创新产出的时空演化特征及其成因[J].地理科学,2017,37(4):502-511.
[8]陈向东,王磊.基于专利指标的中国区域创新的俱乐部收敛特征研究[J].中国软科学,2007(10):76-85.
[9]周迪,程慧平.创新价值链视角下的区域创新活动收敛分析——基于空间面板模型[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(1):36-41.
[10]潘雄锋,史晓辉.基于专利指标的中国区域创新趋同的时空演变特征分析[J].管理评论,2012,24(2):116-121.
[11]周迪,张虎.中国创新水平区域趋同时空演变[J].中国科技论坛,2015(6):11-15.
[12] CAPELLO R,LENZI C.Persistence in regional learning paradigms and trajectories:consequences for innovation policy design[J].European Planning Studies,2016,24(9):1-18.
[13]陶晓红,齐亚伟.中国区域经济时空演变的加权空间马尔可夫链分析[J].中国工业经济,2013(5):31-43.
[14]赵璐,赵作权.基于特征椭圆的中国经济空间分异研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(8):979-986.
[15]蒲英霞,马荣华,葛莹,等.基于空间马尔可夫链的江苏区域趋同时空演变[J].地理学报,2005,60(5):817-826.
[16]张广海,秦素贞.中国省际旅游经济时空演变分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(2):44-48+55.
[17] ANETA RYLKOV A,CHOBOTOVA M.Protection of intellectual property as a means of evaluating innovation performance[J].Procedia Economics and Finance,2014(14):544-552.
[18] BODE E.The spatial pattern of localized R&D spillovers:an empirical investigation for Germany[J].Journal of Economic Geography,2004,4(1):43-64.
[19] GRILICHES Z.Patent statistics as economic indicators:a survey[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1990,28(4):1661-1707.
[20]高锡荣,罗琳.中国创新转型的启动证据——基于专利实施许可的分析[J].科学学研究,2014,32(7):996-1002.
[21]陆介平,马维野,陈明媛,等.基于专利创造的我国县域创新能力和产业竞争力分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(5):42-50.
[22]马茹,王宏伟.中国城市群创新非均衡性[J].技术经济,2017,36(3):54-60.
[23]侯孟阳,姚顺波.中国城市生态效率测定及其时空动态演变[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(3):13-21.
[24]董必荣,赵婷婷,王敬勇,等.基于引力模型的省域创新产出空间联系研究[J].南京审计大学学报,2018,15(1):25-34.
[25](美)熊彼特.经济发展理论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.
[26]蒋天颖,华明浩,张一青.县域经济差异总体特征与空间格局演化研究——以浙江为实证[J].经济地理,2014,34(1):35-41.
[2]纪小美,付业勤,陶卓民,等.福建省县域经济差异的时空动态与变迁机制[J].经济地理,2016,36(2):36-44.
[3]陈翊,冯云廷,俞杨安安.浙江省县域经济格局的空间演化分析[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(3):16-21.
[4]陈培阳,朱喜钢.中国区域经济趋同:基于县级尺度的空间马尔可夫链分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(11):1302-1308.
[5]蒋天颖.浙江省区域创新产出空间分异特征及成因[J].地理研究,2014,33(10):1825-1836.
[6]张建伟,窦攀烽,张永凯,等.江苏省县域创新产出的空间计量经济分析[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(1):222-229.
[7]徐维祥,杨蕾,刘程军,等.长江经济带创新产出的时空演化特征及其成因[J].地理科学,2017,37(4):502-511.
[8]陈向东,王磊.基于专利指标的中国区域创新的俱乐部收敛特征研究[J].中国软科学,2007(10):76-85.
[9]周迪,程慧平.创新价值链视角下的区域创新活动收敛分析——基于空间面板模型[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(1):36-41.
[10]潘雄锋,史晓辉.基于专利指标的中国区域创新趋同的时空演变特征分析[J].管理评论,2012,24(2):116-121.
[11]周迪,张虎.中国创新水平区域趋同时空演变[J].中国科技论坛,2015(6):11-15.
[12] CAPELLO R,LENZI C.Persistence in regional learning paradigms and trajectories:consequences for innovation policy design[J].European Planning Studies,2016,24(9):1-18.
[13]陶晓红,齐亚伟.中国区域经济时空演变的加权空间马尔可夫链分析[J].中国工业经济,2013(5):31-43.
[14]赵璐,赵作权.基于特征椭圆的中国经济空间分异研究[J].地理科学,2014,34(8):979-986.
[15]蒲英霞,马荣华,葛莹,等.基于空间马尔可夫链的江苏区域趋同时空演变[J].地理学报,2005,60(5):817-826.
[16]张广海,秦素贞.中国省际旅游经济时空演变分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(2):44-48+55.
[17] ANETA RYLKOV A,CHOBOTOVA M.Protection of intellectual property as a means of evaluating innovation performance[J].Procedia Economics and Finance,2014(14):544-552.
[18] BODE E.The spatial pattern of localized R&D spillovers:an empirical investigation for Germany[J].Journal of Economic Geography,2004,4(1):43-64.
[19] GRILICHES Z.Patent statistics as economic indicators:a survey[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1990,28(4):1661-1707.
[20]高锡荣,罗琳.中国创新转型的启动证据——基于专利实施许可的分析[J].科学学研究,2014,32(7):996-1002.
[21]陆介平,马维野,陈明媛,等.基于专利创造的我国县域创新能力和产业竞争力分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(5):42-50.
[22]马茹,王宏伟.中国城市群创新非均衡性[J].技术经济,2017,36(3):54-60.
[23]侯孟阳,姚顺波.中国城市生态效率测定及其时空动态演变[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(3):13-21.
[24]董必荣,赵婷婷,王敬勇,等.基于引力模型的省域创新产出空间联系研究[J].南京审计大学学报,2018,15(1):25-34.
[25](美)熊彼特.经济发展理论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.
[26]蒋天颖,华明浩,张一青.县域经济差异总体特征与空间格局演化研究——以浙江为实证[J].经济地理,2014,34(1):35-41.