输电杆塔用复合材料的多因素老化分析和寿命评估
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摘要
随着复合材料输电杆塔的推广应用,探究复合材料杆塔材料在运行过程中出现的老化特性具有重要意义。采用老化试验箱模拟户外运行环境,对改性聚氨酯(PU)、环氧树脂(E44)和间苯不饱和聚酯(UP)等不同树脂体系的玻纤增强复合材料试样进行5 000 h多因素老化试验。通过弯曲模量测试、扫描电镜测试及热失重分析等手段,从力学、微观、热稳定性等角度分析玻纤增强复合材料的老化特性。结果表明:5 000 h加速老化后,玻纤增强PU复合材料的弯曲模量保留率保持在90%以上,界面粘结良好,温度指数较高,其微观性能、热稳定性均优于玻纤增强E44复合材料。根据灰色理论建立弯曲模量预测模型,得到弯曲模量降为90%时PU复合材料的老化寿命为9 400 h。
With the application of composites transmission tower, it is significant to explore the ageing properties of composite during operation. We used ageing test chamber to simulate outdoor environment,and conducted 5 000 h multi-factor ageing test for the modified polyurethane(PU), epoxy resin(E44),and isophthalic unsaturated polyester(UP) based glass fiber reinforced composites. The ageing characteristics of glass fiber reinforced composite were analyzed by flexural modulus test, scanning electron microscope(SEM) test and thermal gravity analysis(TG). The results show that after accelerated ageing for5 000 h, the glass fiber reinforced PU composites has above 90% of flexural modulus retention rate, good interfacial adhesion, and high temperature index, and its microscopic properties and thermal stability are obviously superior to the glass fiber reinforced E44 composites. According to the flexural modulus prediction model established based on grey theory, the ageing life of PU composites is 9400 h when the flexural modulus retention rate drops to 90%.
With the application of composites transmission tower, it is significant to explore the ageing properties of composite during operation. We used ageing test chamber to simulate outdoor environment,and conducted 5 000 h multi-factor ageing test for the modified polyurethane(PU), epoxy resin(E44),and isophthalic unsaturated polyester(UP) based glass fiber reinforced composites. The ageing characteristics of glass fiber reinforced composite were analyzed by flexural modulus test, scanning electron microscope(SEM) test and thermal gravity analysis(TG). The results show that after accelerated ageing for5 000 h, the glass fiber reinforced PU composites has above 90% of flexural modulus retention rate, good interfacial adhesion, and high temperature index, and its microscopic properties and thermal stability are obviously superior to the glass fiber reinforced E44 composites. According to the flexural modulus prediction model established based on grey theory, the ageing life of PU composites is 9400 h when the flexural modulus retention rate drops to 90%.
引文
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[7]DIN EN 62217-2006,标称电压大于1000V的室内外用聚合绝缘子.定义、试验方法和验收准则(IEC 62217:2005)[S].
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