室温硫化硅橡胶耐高低温交变和紫外辐射性能研究
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摘要
针对运行在温差较大、紫外辐射较强条件下的室温硫化硅橡胶(RTV),设计了高低温交变和紫外线辐射试验,采用静态接触角法研究了RTV的憎水性变化,并借助傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)分别分析了RTV典型官能团和物化特性变化。结果表明:RTV试片在-20~120℃下进行高低温交变试验后,试片憎水性均优于未老化的RTV试片,且老化10天的试片接触角变化幅度较大,静置120 h后的接触角大于老化20天的试片。随着恢复时间的延长,接触角呈先减小后增大最后逐步趋于平稳的趋势,表面有微量Si-OH形成,且在试片中生成了耐热性差的副产物。RTV试片经UVA-340紫外辐射后,憎水性优于未老化试片,但紫外辐射20天的试片比辐射10天的试片憎水性差。随着恢复时间的延长,试片的憎水性呈先减弱后增强最后趋于平稳的趋势。在RTV表面,Si(CH_3)_3和O-H基团均有所下降,且耐热性差的成分减少。
Aiming at the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber(RTV) operating in environment of large temperature difference and intensive ultraviolet radiation, a high-low temperature alternating experiment and an ultraviolet radiation experiment were designed. The hydrophobicity of RTV was investigated by static contact angle method. Besides, the variation of functional groups and physicochemical properties of RTV were studied via FTIR and DSC. The results show that the hydrophobicity of RTV after the high-low temperature alternating experiment under-20~120 ℃ is better than that of the un-aged sample,the contact angle of the sample aged for 10 days changes a lot, and its contact angle is larger than that of the sample aged for 20 days after standing for 120 h. With the extension of recovery time, the contact angle decreases at first then increases and finally tends to be stable. After the experiment, Si-OH group and by-products with poor thermal resistance are observed in the sample. After UVA-340 ultraviolet radiation experiment, the hydrophobicity of RTV sample is better than that of the un-aged sample,but the hydrophobicity of RTV aged for 20 days is worse than that aged for 10 days. With the extension of recovery time, the hydrophobicity decreases at first then increases and finally tends to be stable.
The content of Si(CH_3)_3 and O-H on the RTV surface decrease,and the poor thermal resistance compositions decrease also.
Aiming at the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber(RTV) operating in environment of large temperature difference and intensive ultraviolet radiation, a high-low temperature alternating experiment and an ultraviolet radiation experiment were designed. The hydrophobicity of RTV was investigated by static contact angle method. Besides, the variation of functional groups and physicochemical properties of RTV were studied via FTIR and DSC. The results show that the hydrophobicity of RTV after the high-low temperature alternating experiment under-20~120 ℃ is better than that of the un-aged sample,the contact angle of the sample aged for 10 days changes a lot, and its contact angle is larger than that of the sample aged for 20 days after standing for 120 h. With the extension of recovery time, the contact angle decreases at first then increases and finally tends to be stable. After the experiment, Si-OH group and by-products with poor thermal resistance are observed in the sample. After UVA-340 ultraviolet radiation experiment, the hydrophobicity of RTV sample is better than that of the un-aged sample,but the hydrophobicity of RTV aged for 20 days is worse than that aged for 10 days. With the extension of recovery time, the hydrophobicity decreases at first then increases and finally tends to be stable.
The content of Si(CH_3)_3 and O-H on the RTV surface decrease,and the poor thermal resistance compositions decrease also.
引文
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[19]DL/T 810—2012,±500k V及以上电压等级直流棒形悬式复合绝缘子技术条件[S].
[20]梁英,郭兴五.基于FTIR的硅橡胶绝缘材料的老化程度评估[J].高压电器,2015,51(8):62-67.
[21]杨协力,朱文学,刘丽莉.DSC在食品加工与贮藏中的应用及发展趋势[J].保鲜与加工,2008,8(4):1-4.
[22]Gao Yanfeng,Wang Jiafu,Liang Xidong,et al.Investigation on Permeation Properties of Liquids into HTV Silicone Rubber Materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(6):2428-2437.
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[24]化工部合成材料研究院.聚合物防老化实用手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1999.
[25]贾伯岩.运行后复合绝缘子的理化分析[J].高电压技术,2012,38(4):914-921.
[2]关志成,于素竹,贾志东,等.硅橡胶涂层憎水性迁移的研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1994,34(4):23-31.
[3]Vlastos A E,Gubanski S M.Surface Structural Changes of Naturally Aged Silicone and EPDM Composite Insulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1991,6(2):888-900.
[4]朱可能,关志成,贾志东.RTV硅橡胶涂料防污闪技术及其在天津电网中的应用[J].中国电力,2002,35(5):61-65.
[5]郭真萍,王力农,方雅琪,等.利用疏水涂层提高复合材料杆塔防污性能的研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(1):34-39.
[6]夏兵,李玉强,王国刚,等.层状双羟基氧化物对RTV硅橡胶阻燃性及热稳定性的影响[J].绝缘材料,2015,48(6):30-33.
[7]Moreno V M,Gorur R S,Kroese A.Impact of Corona on the Long Term Performance of Non-ceramic Insulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2003,10(1):80-95.
[8]王天,卢明,景冬冬,等.RTV防污闪涂层老化分析方法[J].绝缘材料,2014,47(1):26-30.
[9]Kumagai S,Yoshimura N.Influence of Single and Multiple Environmental Stresses on Tracking and Erosion of RTV Silicone Rubber[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1999,6(2):211-225.
[10]刘云鹏,王秋莎,律方成,等.紫外辐射对高温硫化硅橡胶性能影响初探[J].高电压技术,2010,36(11):2634-2638.
[11]覃永雄,虞澜,傅佳,等.长波紫外照射下高温硫化硅橡胶的微观物性及憎水性研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(12):242-250.
[12]蓝磊,王汉良,文习山,等.高温硫化硅橡胶加速电晕老化试验分析及其寿命预测[J].高电压技术,2012,38(4):782-789.
[13]蓝磊,文习山,刘辉.用红外光谱研究室温硫化硅橡胶电晕老化及寿命估计[J].高电压技术,2009,35(11):2652-2656.
[14]Su H F,Jia Z D,Guan Z C,et al.Durability of RTV-coated Insulators Used in Subtropical Areas[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2011,18(3):767-774.
[15]贾志东,李桐,陈灿,等.广东地区室温硫化硅橡胶防污闪涂料的运行特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(7):1963-1969.
[16]吴兑.太阳紫外线照射及其生物效应[J].气象,2001,26(4):54-57.
[17]吴忠明.昼夜温差对碾压混凝土重力坝温度和应力影响的敏感性分析[D].西安:西安理工大学,2009.
[18]赵翮选,赵书荣,王联章,等.高海拔地区紫外辐射对硅橡胶复合绝缘子老化的影响[J].华北电力技术,2009(3):10-13.
[19]DL/T 810—2012,±500k V及以上电压等级直流棒形悬式复合绝缘子技术条件[S].
[20]梁英,郭兴五.基于FTIR的硅橡胶绝缘材料的老化程度评估[J].高压电器,2015,51(8):62-67.
[21]杨协力,朱文学,刘丽莉.DSC在食品加工与贮藏中的应用及发展趋势[J].保鲜与加工,2008,8(4):1-4.
[22]Gao Yanfeng,Wang Jiafu,Liang Xidong,et al.Investigation on Permeation Properties of Liquids into HTV Silicone Rubber Materials[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(6):2428-2437.
[23]李华昌,符斌.实用化学手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[24]化工部合成材料研究院.聚合物防老化实用手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1999.
[25]贾伯岩.运行后复合绝缘子的理化分析[J].高电压技术,2012,38(4):914-921.