CrNi3MoVA钢表面磁控溅射Ta涂层的摩擦磨损性能
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摘要
为进一步提高火炮身管寿命,利用磁控溅射技术在CrNi3MoVA钢表面沉积了Ta涂层。沉积态Ta涂层由体心立方相α-Ta和亚稳态四方相β-Ta组成,在850℃下真空退火3h后其全部转化为单一的α-Ta相。利用纳米压痕仪和摩擦磨损试验机测试了α-Ta涂层的硬度、弹性模量及摩擦系数,结合扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)及掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)分析了涂层的微观结构,并与传统电镀硬Cr涂层进行比较,研究了α-Ta涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:α-Ta涂层的摩擦系数(0.70~0.80)略小于硬Cr涂层的摩擦系数(0.75~0.85),α-Ta涂层的磨损机制主要为粘着磨损,而硬Cr涂层的磨损机制主要为疲劳磨损和粘着磨损。
In order to prolong the life time of gun barrel,a Ta coating was prepared by means of magnetron sputtering technology.The as-deposited coating consists of a body-centered cubicα-Ta and a metastable tetragonalβ-Ta,and completely transforms intoα-Ta after 3 hvacuum annealing.The hardness,elasticity modulus and friction coefficient of theα-Ta coating were tested by utilizing nanoindentor and friction and wear testing machine.In contrast to the traditional hard chrome coating,the performance of friction and wear of theα-Ta coating was investigated by employing scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXRD)to analyze the microstructure of the coatings.The results indicated that the friction coefficient of theα-Ta coating(0.70—0.80)is slightly lower than that of the hard chrome coating(0.75—0.85),and the wear mechanism of theα-Ta coating is mainly characterized as adherent wear while that of the hard chromium coating is fatigue and adherent one.
In order to prolong the life time of gun barrel,a Ta coating was prepared by means of magnetron sputtering technology.The as-deposited coating consists of a body-centered cubicα-Ta and a metastable tetragonalβ-Ta,and completely transforms intoα-Ta after 3 hvacuum annealing.The hardness,elasticity modulus and friction coefficient of theα-Ta coating were tested by utilizing nanoindentor and friction and wear testing machine.In contrast to the traditional hard chrome coating,the performance of friction and wear of theα-Ta coating was investigated by employing scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXRD)to analyze the microstructure of the coatings.The results indicated that the friction coefficient of theα-Ta coating(0.70—0.80)is slightly lower than that of the hard chrome coating(0.75—0.85),and the wear mechanism of theα-Ta coating is mainly characterized as adherent wear while that of the hard chromium coating is fatigue and adherent one.
引文
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12 Matson D W,Mcclanahan E D,Rice J P,et al.Effect of sputtering parameters on Ta coatings for gun bore applications[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2000,133-134:411.
13 Mulligan C P,Smith S B,Vigilante G N.Characterization and comparison of magnetron sputtered and electroplated gun bore coatings[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2006,128(2):240.
14 Barnett B,Trexler M,Champagne V.Cold sprayed refractory metals for chrome reduction in gun barrel liners[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals&Hard Materials,2015,53:139.
15 Li H,Chen G,Zhang G,et al.Characteristics of the interface of a laser-quenched steel substrate and chromium electroplate[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2006,201(3-4):902.
16 Liang S,Wang H,Luo L,et al.Tribological properties of embedded co-cured composite damping structures before and after hygrothermal environment treatment[J].Journal of Sichuan Ordnance,2015,36(1):128(in Chinese).梁森,王辉,雒磊,等.嵌入式共固化复合材料阻尼结构湿热处理前后的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].四川兵工学报,2015,36(1):128.
17 Zhang J,Guo C A,Zhang G,et al.Performance of arc-ion plating Ti0.7Al0.3N coatings on PCrNi3MoVA steel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2011,32(6):613(in Chinese).张健,郭策安,张罡,等.PCrNi3MoVA钢表面电弧离子镀Ti0.7Al0.3N涂层的性能研究[J].兵工学报,2011,32(6):613.
18 Ramadoss R,Kumar N,Pandian R,et al.Tribological properties and deformation mechanism of TiAlN coating sliding with various counterbodies[J].Tribology International,2013,66(7):144.
19 Archard J F.Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1953,24:981.
2 Peng X M,Xia C Q,Wu A R,et al.Development of the ablation behavior and protection of gun barrel[J].Journal of Sichuan Ordnance,2014,35(3):11(in Chinese).彭小敏,夏长清,吴安如,等.火炮身管烧蚀及其防护研究进展[J].四川兵工学报,2014,35(3):11.
3 Cote P J,Todaro M E,Kendall G,et al.Gun bore erosion mechanisms revisited with laser pulse heating[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2003,163-164:478.
4 Yang J B,Wang Y C,Qu J H,et al.High-speed friction and wear performance of NiCrAlY coating electrospark depositied on CrNi3MoVA steel[J].Materials Review B:Research Papers,2017,31 (1):51(in Chinese).杨君宝,王远超,曲家惠,等.CrNi3MoVA钢表面电火花沉积NiCrAlY涂层的高速摩擦磨损性能[J].材料导报:研究篇,2017,31(1):51.
5 Petitpas E,Campion B.Crack propagation in a gun barrel due to the firing thermo-mechanical stresses[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2003,125(3):293.
6 Chen Y C,Song Q Z,Wang J Z.New technologies to extend the erosion life of gun barrel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2006,27(2):330(in Chinese).陈永才,宋遒志,王建中.国内外火炮身管延寿技术研究进展[J].兵工学报,2006,27(2):330.
7 Wang S,Xiong D S,Li J L,et al.Wear and erosion resistance properties of electroplating Ta coating in molten salt[J].China Surface Engineering,2015,28(2):101(in Chinese).王升,熊党生,李建亮,等.熔盐电镀钽及其耐磨损烧蚀性能[J].中国表面工程,2015,28(2):101.
8 Lee S L,Cipollo M,Windover D,et al.Analysis of magnetronsputtered tantalum coatings versus electrochemically deposited tantalum from molten salt[J].Surface&Coating Technology,1999,120-121:44.
9 Myers S,Lin J,Souza R M,et al.Theβtoαphase transition of tantalum coatings deposited by modulated pulsed power magnetron sputtering[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2013,214:38.
10 Underwood J H,Parker A P,Vigilante G N,et al.Thermal damage,cracking and rapid erosion of cannon bore coatings[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2003,125(3):299.
11 Matson D W,Mcclanahan E D,Lee S L,et al.Properties of thick sputtered Ta used for protective gun tube coatings[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2001,146-147:344.
12 Matson D W,Mcclanahan E D,Rice J P,et al.Effect of sputtering parameters on Ta coatings for gun bore applications[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2000,133-134:411.
13 Mulligan C P,Smith S B,Vigilante G N.Characterization and comparison of magnetron sputtered and electroplated gun bore coatings[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2006,128(2):240.
14 Barnett B,Trexler M,Champagne V.Cold sprayed refractory metals for chrome reduction in gun barrel liners[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals&Hard Materials,2015,53:139.
15 Li H,Chen G,Zhang G,et al.Characteristics of the interface of a laser-quenched steel substrate and chromium electroplate[J].Surface&Coating Technology,2006,201(3-4):902.
16 Liang S,Wang H,Luo L,et al.Tribological properties of embedded co-cured composite damping structures before and after hygrothermal environment treatment[J].Journal of Sichuan Ordnance,2015,36(1):128(in Chinese).梁森,王辉,雒磊,等.嵌入式共固化复合材料阻尼结构湿热处理前后的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].四川兵工学报,2015,36(1):128.
17 Zhang J,Guo C A,Zhang G,et al.Performance of arc-ion plating Ti0.7Al0.3N coatings on PCrNi3MoVA steel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2011,32(6):613(in Chinese).张健,郭策安,张罡,等.PCrNi3MoVA钢表面电弧离子镀Ti0.7Al0.3N涂层的性能研究[J].兵工学报,2011,32(6):613.
18 Ramadoss R,Kumar N,Pandian R,et al.Tribological properties and deformation mechanism of TiAlN coating sliding with various counterbodies[J].Tribology International,2013,66(7):144.
19 Archard J F.Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1953,24:981.