2009—2017年北京市大兴区手足口病流行病学特征
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摘要
目的探讨2009—2017年北京市大兴区手足口病流行特征,为制定防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2009—2017年北京市大兴区手足口病病例资料及病原学检测结果进行分析;利用地理信息系统展示手足口病发病的时空分布特点。结果 2009—2017年北京市大兴区共报告手足口病30 581例,年均发病率为251.63/10万,高于北京市手足口病发病水平;10岁以下儿童发病数占总体的97.78%,且男性多于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);北部紧邻主城区地区、环林校路街道地区发病率较高;2009—2017年北京市大兴区共采集手足口病标本2 489件,阳性率51.10%,2009—2014年及2016年以肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CA16)为主要病原体,2015、2017年以柯萨奇病毒A6型(CA6)为主要病原体。结论强化手足口病病原学检测工作,在外来人口密集的北部地区和新兴人口流入的环林校路街道地区,加强手足口病的知识宣传和人群干预,尤其是加强对北京市大兴区私立幼儿园和新建幼儿园的培训和督导,具有重要意义。
[Objective] To explore the epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Daxing District of Beijing from2009-2017, provide scientific reference for formulating prevention and control measures and strategy.[Methods] Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of hand-foot-mouth disease cases and the results of etiological tests in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017.The geographic information system was used to demonstrate the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease.[Results] A total of 30 581 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017, and the average annual incidence of 251.63/lakh, which was higher than the incidence level of Beijing.Children under 10 years old account for 97.78% of the total cases, the male cases were more than the female cases, and the difference was statistically significant.The incidence in northern region of Daxing and the surrounding area of the Linxiaolu Street was higher.Totally 2 489 specimens of hand-foot-mouth disease were collected in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017, with the positive rate of 51.10%.Enterovirus 71(EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16(CA16) were the main pathogens in 2009-2014 and 2016, while Coxsackievirus A6(CA6) was the main pathogen in 2015 and 2017.[Conclusion] It is necessary to strengthen the pathogenic detection of hand-foot-mouth disease, improve the knowledge propaganda and population intervention of hand-foot-mouth disease in the densely populated northern area and the newly-emerging area of Linxiaolu Street, especially to strengthen the training and the supervision of private kindergarten and new kindergarten in Daxing District.
[Objective] To explore the epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease in Daxing District of Beijing from2009-2017, provide scientific reference for formulating prevention and control measures and strategy.[Methods] Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of hand-foot-mouth disease cases and the results of etiological tests in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017.The geographic information system was used to demonstrate the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease.[Results] A total of 30 581 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017, and the average annual incidence of 251.63/lakh, which was higher than the incidence level of Beijing.Children under 10 years old account for 97.78% of the total cases, the male cases were more than the female cases, and the difference was statistically significant.The incidence in northern region of Daxing and the surrounding area of the Linxiaolu Street was higher.Totally 2 489 specimens of hand-foot-mouth disease were collected in Daxing District of Beijing from 2009-2017, with the positive rate of 51.10%.Enterovirus 71(EV71) and Coxsackievirus A16(CA16) were the main pathogens in 2009-2014 and 2016, while Coxsackievirus A6(CA6) was the main pathogen in 2015 and 2017.[Conclusion] It is necessary to strengthen the pathogenic detection of hand-foot-mouth disease, improve the knowledge propaganda and population intervention of hand-foot-mouth disease in the densely populated northern area and the newly-emerging area of Linxiaolu Street, especially to strengthen the training and the supervision of private kindergarten and new kindergarten in Daxing District.
引文
[1]北京市卫生局.北京市手足口病预防控制工作手册[Z].北京,2010:1-2.
[2]闫春明,耿蓉娜.2010至2012年重症手足口病流行特征分析[J].河北医药,2014,36(3):429-431.
[3]霍达,贾蕾,李洁,等.北京市2013-2017年手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):87-90.
[4]姚光海,王丹,郭军,等.贵州省2013-2014年手足口病聚集性疫情流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(5):775-779.
[5]贾蕾,王小莉,霍达,等.SARIMA模型在北京市手足口病发病预测中的应用[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):83-86.
[6]刘婷婷,刘美玲,秦浩.2011-2016年中国手足口病发病和死亡的季节性特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2018,35(2):267-268.
[7]胡跃华,肖革新,郭莹,等.2008-2011年中国大陆手足口病流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(8):693-697.
[8]姜璎慈,卫鹭,夏仪,等.2011-2015年上海市长宁区手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学和病原学特征分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(7):568-572.
[9]杨芳,于石成,张菊英,等.2008-2011年我国大陆地区重症手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2013,28(11):888-893.
[10]陈瑞珊,邸菁华,王岩,等.290例重症手足口病患者的流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(1):65-67.
[11]刘向东,顾新蕊,冀天娇,等.2013-2015年中国重症手足口病的流行病学特征和病原构成[J].病毒学报,2018,34(4):477-481.
[12]刘潇潇,初艳慧,任剑,等.北京地区柯萨奇病毒A组6型、肠道病毒EV71型和柯萨奇病毒A组16型手足口病流行特征及临床特点比较[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(5):8-11.
[13]HAYMAN R,SHEPHERD M,TARRING C,et al.Outbreak of variant hand-foot-and-mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus A6 in Auckland,New Zealand[J].J Paediatr Child H,2014,50(10):751-755.
[14]韦伟.柯萨奇病毒A6型所致手足口病流行特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2017,12(11):1091-1093.
[15]LO SH,HUANG YC,HUANG CG,et al.Clinical and epidemiologic features of Coxsackievirus A6 infection in children in northern Taiwan between 2004 and 2009[J].J Microbiol Immunol,2011,44(4):252-257.
[16]BLOMQVIST S,KLEMOLA P,KAIJALAINEN S,et al.Co-circulation of coxsackieviruses A6 and A10 in hand,foot and mouth disease outbreak in Finland[J].J Clin Virol,2010,48(1):49-54.
[2]闫春明,耿蓉娜.2010至2012年重症手足口病流行特征分析[J].河北医药,2014,36(3):429-431.
[3]霍达,贾蕾,李洁,等.北京市2013-2017年手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):87-90.
[4]姚光海,王丹,郭军,等.贵州省2013-2014年手足口病聚集性疫情流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(5):775-779.
[5]贾蕾,王小莉,霍达,等.SARIMA模型在北京市手足口病发病预测中的应用[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):83-86.
[6]刘婷婷,刘美玲,秦浩.2011-2016年中国手足口病发病和死亡的季节性特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2018,35(2):267-268.
[7]胡跃华,肖革新,郭莹,等.2008-2011年中国大陆手足口病流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(8):693-697.
[8]姜璎慈,卫鹭,夏仪,等.2011-2015年上海市长宁区手足口病聚集性疫情流行病学和病原学特征分析[J].疾病监测,2017,32(7):568-572.
[9]杨芳,于石成,张菊英,等.2008-2011年我国大陆地区重症手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2013,28(11):888-893.
[10]陈瑞珊,邸菁华,王岩,等.290例重症手足口病患者的流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(1):65-67.
[11]刘向东,顾新蕊,冀天娇,等.2013-2015年中国重症手足口病的流行病学特征和病原构成[J].病毒学报,2018,34(4):477-481.
[12]刘潇潇,初艳慧,任剑,等.北京地区柯萨奇病毒A组6型、肠道病毒EV71型和柯萨奇病毒A组16型手足口病流行特征及临床特点比较[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(5):8-11.
[13]HAYMAN R,SHEPHERD M,TARRING C,et al.Outbreak of variant hand-foot-and-mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus A6 in Auckland,New Zealand[J].J Paediatr Child H,2014,50(10):751-755.
[14]韦伟.柯萨奇病毒A6型所致手足口病流行特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2017,12(11):1091-1093.
[15]LO SH,HUANG YC,HUANG CG,et al.Clinical and epidemiologic features of Coxsackievirus A6 infection in children in northern Taiwan between 2004 and 2009[J].J Microbiol Immunol,2011,44(4):252-257.
[16]BLOMQVIST S,KLEMOLA P,KAIJALAINEN S,et al.Co-circulation of coxsackieviruses A6 and A10 in hand,foot and mouth disease outbreak in Finland[J].J Clin Virol,2010,48(1):49-54.