倾斜坚硬岩层异型深基坑围护结构综合施工技术研究
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摘要
针对倾斜坚硬岩石地段地下连续墙及钻孔桩施工困难、容易偏孔等难题,文章以某地铁车站深基坑围护结构施工为研究对象,通过理论研究及施工实践提出了旋挖钻机成孔+冲孔桩机成槽施工技术以及潜孔钻机+旋挖钻机成孔施工技术。结果表明:1)在坚硬岩石地段施工地下连续墙时,采用旋挖钻机间隔施工主孔,采用冲孔桩机进行副孔施工,可提高地下连续墙施工速度;2)在坚硬岩石地段施工钻孔桩难度较大,采用潜孔钻在桩位先进行梅花形钻孔,再用旋挖钻进行施工,施工速度提高明显;3)通过对旋挖钻机及潜孔钻垂直度的调整,避免了成槽成孔的倾斜,保证了在倾斜岩体中成槽成桩的垂直度;4)在倾斜坚硬岩石地段采用旋挖钻施工时,为了保证成孔成槽的垂直度,需对旋挖钻机的技术参数进行优化。
Aiming at the construction difficulties and hole deviation issuses of diaphragm retaining wall and bored pile in inclined hard rocks,the corresponding construction techniques of hole drilled by rotary drilling rig and trough constructed by piling machine,and bored hole drilled by down-the-hole drill rig+rotary drilling rig were proposed based on a theoretical and practical research,by taking the retaining structure construction of a deep foundation pit of a metro station as an example.The results show that:(1)in the construction of diaphragm retaining structure in hard rock,main holes are constructed with intervals by rotary drilling rig,and accessory holes are constructed by piling machine,which improves the construction speed of retaining structure;(2)It is difficult to construct the bored pile in the hard rock,and the quincunx bores are drilled by down-the-hole drill rig and then followed by rotary drilling,which greatly increases the construction speed;(3)by adjusting the perpendicularity of the rotary drilling rig and the down-the-hole drill rig,the inclination of troughs and holes is avoided,guaranteeing the perpendicularity in the inclined rock mass;(4)the technical parameters of rotary drilling rig should be optimized to guarantee the perpendicularity during the rotary drilling construction in inclined hard rocks.
Aiming at the construction difficulties and hole deviation issuses of diaphragm retaining wall and bored pile in inclined hard rocks,the corresponding construction techniques of hole drilled by rotary drilling rig and trough constructed by piling machine,and bored hole drilled by down-the-hole drill rig+rotary drilling rig were proposed based on a theoretical and practical research,by taking the retaining structure construction of a deep foundation pit of a metro station as an example.The results show that:(1)in the construction of diaphragm retaining structure in hard rock,main holes are constructed with intervals by rotary drilling rig,and accessory holes are constructed by piling machine,which improves the construction speed of retaining structure;(2)It is difficult to construct the bored pile in the hard rock,and the quincunx bores are drilled by down-the-hole drill rig and then followed by rotary drilling,which greatly increases the construction speed;(3)by adjusting the perpendicularity of the rotary drilling rig and the down-the-hole drill rig,the inclination of troughs and holes is avoided,guaranteeing the perpendicularity in the inclined rock mass;(4)the technical parameters of rotary drilling rig should be optimized to guarantee the perpendicularity during the rotary drilling construction in inclined hard rocks.
引文
[1]张松琦,沈禾.深基坑工程的监理实践[J].铁道建筑, 2000,(9):36-37.ZHANG Songqi, SHEN He. Supervision Practice of Deep Foundation Pit Engineering[J]. Railway Engineering, 2000,(9):36-37.
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[5]左殿军,史林,李铭铭,纪文栋.深基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道影响数值计算分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(增2):391-395.ZUO Dianjun, SHI Lin, LI Mingming, JI Wendong. Numerical Analysis of Influence of Deep Excavations on Adjacent Subway Tun?nels[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(S2):391-395.
[6]吴意谦,朱彦鹏.兰州市湿陷性黄土地区地铁车站深基坑变形规律监测与数值模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(增2):404-411.WU Yiqian, ZHU Yanpeng. Monitoring and Numerical Simulation of Deformation Law of Deep Foundation Pit of Subway Station inLanzhou Collapsible Loess[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(S2):404-411.
[7]张治国,白乔木,姜蕴娟,王卫东.邻近隧道及周围地层受深基坑开挖影响的现场监测研究[J].现代隧道技术, 2017, 54,(2):177-184.ZHANG Zhiguo, BAI Qiaomu, JIANG Yunjuan, WANG Weidong. In-situ Monitoring Analyses of the Influences of Deep FoundationPit Excavation on Adjacent Metro Tunnels and Surrounding Strata[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2017, 54,(2):177-184.
[8]徐茂义.怡华商业中心深基坑支护技术[J].铁道建筑, 1997,(8):10-13.XU Maoyi. Support Technology for Deep Foundation Pit of Yihua Commercial Center[J]. Railway Engineering, 1997,(8):10-13.
[9]黄茂松,王卫东,郑刚.软土地下工程与深基坑研究进展[J].土木工程学报, 2012, 45(6):146-161.HUANG Maosong, WANG Weidong, ZHENG Gang. A Review of Recent Advances in the Underground Engineering and Deep Exca?vations in Soft Soils[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal 2012, 45,(6):146-161.
[2]张勇.高层住宅深基坑支护技术[J].建筑技术, 1998,(1):20-22.ZHANG Yong. Support Technology for Deep Foundation Pit in High-rise Residence[J]. Architectural Technology, 1998,(1):20-22.
[3]陈昆,闫澍旺,孙立强,王亚雯.开挖卸荷状态下深基坑变形特性研究[J].岩土力学, 2016, 37(4):1075-1082.CHEN Kun, YAN Shuwang, SUN Liqiang, WANG Yawen. Analysis of Deformation of Deep Foundation Pit under Excavation Un?loading Condition[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016, 37(4):1075-1082.
[4]程琳,李涛.地下连续墙在立交桥工程中的应用[J].铁道建筑, 2015,(3):50-53.CHENG Lin, LI Tao. Application of Diaphragm Wall in Construction of Grade Separation Bridge[J]. Railway Engineering, 2015,(3):50-53.
[5]左殿军,史林,李铭铭,纪文栋.深基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道影响数值计算分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(增2):391-395.ZUO Dianjun, SHI Lin, LI Mingming, JI Wendong. Numerical Analysis of Influence of Deep Excavations on Adjacent Subway Tun?nels[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(S2):391-395.
[6]吴意谦,朱彦鹏.兰州市湿陷性黄土地区地铁车站深基坑变形规律监测与数值模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(增2):404-411.WU Yiqian, ZHU Yanpeng. Monitoring and Numerical Simulation of Deformation Law of Deep Foundation Pit of Subway Station inLanzhou Collapsible Loess[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(S2):404-411.
[7]张治国,白乔木,姜蕴娟,王卫东.邻近隧道及周围地层受深基坑开挖影响的现场监测研究[J].现代隧道技术, 2017, 54,(2):177-184.ZHANG Zhiguo, BAI Qiaomu, JIANG Yunjuan, WANG Weidong. In-situ Monitoring Analyses of the Influences of Deep FoundationPit Excavation on Adjacent Metro Tunnels and Surrounding Strata[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2017, 54,(2):177-184.
[8]徐茂义.怡华商业中心深基坑支护技术[J].铁道建筑, 1997,(8):10-13.XU Maoyi. Support Technology for Deep Foundation Pit of Yihua Commercial Center[J]. Railway Engineering, 1997,(8):10-13.
[9]黄茂松,王卫东,郑刚.软土地下工程与深基坑研究进展[J].土木工程学报, 2012, 45(6):146-161.HUANG Maosong, WANG Weidong, ZHENG Gang. A Review of Recent Advances in the Underground Engineering and Deep Exca?vations in Soft Soils[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal 2012, 45,(6):146-161.